Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ukuthi i-heterogeneity yomsebenzi ingenye yezimfanelo zobuhlakani. Nokho, kufika usuku lapho uqeda enye yazo, kangangokuthi uMichelangelo ekhuthaza lowo odumile: Khuluma!, ehloselwe uDavide wakhe futhi kubonakala sengathi yonke into ngaphambili nalokho okuzayo, ezinhlobonhlobo zayo, amandla kanye nenani elikhulu, kungazelelwe. lahlekelwa inani layo.
Kumelwe ukuba kwenzeke into efana nalena kubantu abahlukene James Joyce lapho eseqedile u-Ulysses wakhe ..., yize izinhloso zokuqala zokushicilela zazingathophisi neze, ubukhosi baseNgilandi babhekana nezihlungi zayo zesikhathi salo msebenzi omkhulu. IParis kwakufanele kube idolobha elazala umsebenzi ophelele emuva e1922.
Ulysses eceleni (yize kuningi okumele sikubeke eceleni), umsebenzi kaJames Joyce uchichima ukunotha, ubuhlakani kanye nobuntu ezinhlelweni zakhe eziningi. Ubulungiswa benza ukhetho ukuze, okungenani, u-Ulysses abelane ngesikhulumi nezinye izincwadi ezimbili ezinhle ngongqondongqondo wase-Ireland ..., ngoba uma bekuvele kukuningi izwe lakwa-Ireland bekufanele Oscar Wilde, lo mbhali omusha wendawo yonke wathatha izintambo ekhulwini leminyaka elihle (phakathi kwele-XNUMX nelama-XNUMX) lezincwadi zaleli zwe lezinqaba, izinganekwane nezinsumansumane, zenjabulo phambi kolwandle nezakhamuzi zaseziqhingini ezinesibindi.
3 Amanoveli Anconyiwe KaJames Joyce
Ulysses
Ukulandisa okudumile kwakudala kuvusa, ngokuhambisana nenjongo yakho ephakeme, ukubhuqa kwempilo yansuku zonke. «I-Los amaqhawe zakudala Bahambe bayohamba ngezinyawo eCallejón del Gato », njengoba bekungasho uValle-Inclán. Indaba ephumelele kakhulu mayelana nendida yokuphila phakathi kwedwala nendawo eqinile, isikhala phakathi kwamaphupho nokukhungatheka.
Isifinyezo: U-Ulysses yindaba yosuku empilweni yezinhlamvu ezi-3 u-Leopold Bloom, unkosikazi wakhe uMolly kanye no-Stephen Dedalus osemusha. Uhambo losuku, i-Odyssey ehlehlayo, lapho amatimu e-Homeric ehlehliswa futhi echithwa ngeqembu elinqunyiwe elimelene nobuqhawe usizi lwalo lugxile kwezamahlaya.
I-akhawunti ye-parodic ye-epic yesimo somuntu kanye ne-Dublin kanye nemikhuba yayo emihle isakhiwo sayo, i-avant-garde exakile, sixwayisa ngazo zonke izikhathi ngobunzima bayo futhi sifuna ukuzinikela okukhulu. Ulysses Liyincwadi enomsindo ophezulu, enenhlamba futhi enobuhlakani lapho kukhona khona enikeza incwadi ehlukile, exakile, ecasulayo ngezikhathi ezithile futhi ngokungangabazeki ehlukile.
Isithombe somculi osemusha
Ngezikhumbuzo ezingenakuphikwa zokuthi Isithombe sikaDorian Grey, ngu-Oscar Wilde, uJames Joyce uletha umbono ensimini yakhe ukuze awenze ube ngumuntu siqu kakhulu.
Kulokhu, isithombe sithatha umbono wakhe wokuthi ubusha bakhe babunjani, ukuthi wayenjani, yayiyini imibono yakhe nezisusa zakhe kwaze kwaba yileso sikhathi lapho ehlala phansi ukuze abhale le ncwadi. Isifingqo: Inoveli enecala eliqinile le-autobiographical, eyashicilelwa ngezikhathi ezithile phakathi kuka-1914 no-1915 futhi ekugcineni njengencwadi ngo-1916.
Umlingisi oyinhloko, uStephen Dedalus, i-alter ego kaJoyce, ulandisa iziqephu zempilo yakhe ngokuvela okungahleliwe komcabango wakhe okumholela ekuhlangabezaneni nobuKatolika, isono, umhlatshelo, ukuphenduka kanye nokwanela emphakathini ngokuphindaphindiwe.
Umsebenzi kaJoyce wokubuyisana kanye nokukhipha imimoya komuntu siqu futhi ukuhlanganiswa okucacile ekuthuthukiseni umlingiswa, uStephen Dedalus, oyisisekelo e-Ulysses.
UFinnegans Wake
Kunoma yimuphi umfundi ogcina ekhonza uJoyce ngemuva kokufunda inoveli u-Ulysses, yanoma ngubani onqamula kumthakathi futhi ofuna ukutholakala, kunendlela eya kumlobi ngokomoya, kunomsebenzi owehlukile, obhalwe mhlawumbe kusuka kokungazi okufinyelelwe otshwaleni. i-delirium.
Iqiniso lezidakwa kufanele libe yisikweletu okufanele sikhokhwe yibo bonke ababhali, ukuze kugcine kuhlanza konke obekusele emthonjeni wenkino, izinhloso azikaze zicaciswe ...
Kafushane: Finnegans Wake, indaba yokozela, ukudakwa, ukucabanga okufana nephupho kanye notshwala, akuyona incwadi ebhalwe ngolimi. Ngokwegama, yebo, ibhalwe ngesiNgisi, kodwa isimo esimsulwa.
Ngemuva kwesiNgisi kukhona okunye, ukuguqulwa kwenkondlo, okwenziwe ngamabomu, kwesinye isikhathi okunonya, okuguqula isiNgisi sibe igobolondo lolimi lwamaphupho. Ubudlelwano obungamangali bama-polysemies, izincazelo ezifihliwe, ukusonteka okungalindelekile, izifanekiselo ezingazi lutho nezehlakalo ezingahleliwe, ngokusho kukaJoyce uqobo, obezohlala ezifundweni iminyaka engaphezu kwekhulu.
Umsebenzi, ngokobuchwepheshe obungahumusheki, bekuyisihloko semizamo ethile yenguqulo yesiCastilian. I-Lumen edition ingeyokugcina kuzo enenani elikhulu lombhalo elihunyushwe ngolimi lwesi-Cervantes.
Ezinye izincwadi ezithakazelisayo zikaJames Joyce
Abafile
UJoyce naye welula isithunzi sakhe ekulandiseni okufushane. Futhi kulokhu kusisondeza kuKhisimusi ohlukile, onokufinyelela okuqhwa okufanayo kwentombazane yomdlalo ka-Andersen kodwa egxile kakhulu kulokho kuguqulwa kwenjabulo kube umgubho ongenakwenzeka lapho labo othanda kakhulu ukwenza i-toast nabo bengasekho...
Ubusuku bukaKhisimusi endlini yabesifazane baseMorkan umcimbi waminyaka yonke osezingeni eliphezulu. Ikhaya ligcwele uhleko, umculo nokudansa okujabulisa kakhulu izivakashi nabaphathi bazo. Kodwa nokuthula kwabangasekho. Inkumbulo yabasishiyile izoholela abalingisi ukuthi bahambe ezindleleni osekukudala zakhohlwa.
Umfundi, ngesandla sikaGabriel Conroy, olahlekile ekubonakalisweni kobusuku obumhlophe baseDublin, uzohambela i-epiphany, esevele engafi emibhalweni yezincwadi, elindele amasu amasha asetshenziswa uJoyce ku-Portrait of the Artist as A Young Man. kanye no-Ulysses.
