Izincwadi ze UJoseph Heller wazalwa enalolo phawu lokuvuthwa kombhali osebuyile kukho konke. Lena yindlela umuntu athola ngayo endabeni yalo mbhali waseMelika a ukunambitheka kokunciphisa kuya kokungenangqondo, amahlaya, ukugxeka okungahlungiwe. Akukho okuhlanganisa nabanye abashayeli bezindiza abanohlonze badlulela ezincwadini ezifana I-Saint Exupery o UJames salter ekugcineni udlulele kakhulu ekuboneni kwakhe izincwadi njengenkundla yento enkulu futhi hhayi amathe lapho kudedelwa khona ukubaba ngaphambi kokuthi kubuyele emuva emphinjeni.
Kufanele kube khona konke. Kuhlale kunesikhathi sohlobo oluthile lwezincwadi noma olunye, lolu oluphakeme noma oluhlekisa ngayo yonke into. Embonweni kaHeller ongaphezu kokuxakile, okhubazekile kukhona iqiniso elinonya elidluliswa yilowo mbono womuntu ongasasilindele isisombululo noma ukuthuthukiswa futhi uzinikela kuphela emkhankasweni wokuveza usizi. Ngoba into eyodwa iwukungakhulumisani netshe lokugaya futhi enye iwukuba nethuba noma isifiso sokubhala ngayo ngokuqiniseka ngokunikeza ukucaciseleka okudingekile kakhulu konembeza obuthuntu.
Kufana naleso sisho sakudala esithi "othile bekufanele akwenze." Ezincwadini zekhulu lama-20 laseMelika, uHeller wazinika umsebenzi wokuqala ukwethula izindawo ezimpunga zephupho laseMelika, eqiniseka ngokuthi iMelika yayidinga izakhamizi zayo zonke ukuthi zigcine ibhalansi engasoleki kahle...
Amanoveli aphezulu anconyiwe angu-3 kaJoseph Heller
Ugibe 22
Futhi uHeller wafika wabhala incwadi yakudala ... Ngokuqinisekile wayecabanga nje ukubhala inhlekelele yezinsuku zakhe phakathi kokukhanya kwemicibisholo esuka phezulu kuya emoyeni, amabhomu namaqanda angcwele amasosha amakhulu okuthumela ...
Phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, esibhedlela sesizinda saseMelika esiqhingini esincane sase-Italy, umshayeli wamabhomu okuthiwa uYossarian uzenza uhlanya. Ufuna ukugwema ukulahlekelwa ukuphila kwakhe ngazo zonke izindleko emsebenzini wakhe olandelayo womoya futhi abuyele ekhaya. Kungani wonke umuntu efuna ukumbulala ngaphansi?uzibuza njalo uma ewisa ibhomu. U-Yossarian uzama ukufakazela ukuthi uyahlanya kodwa uwela ku-"Catch 22": umthetho wezempi ongenangqondo futhi ohlanekezelwe othi labo abathi bayahlanya ukuze bagweme ukuya empini bahlakaniphe kakhulu. Futhi uma unengqondo, unempilo, ngakho... Awunakho ukukhetha!
Ishicilelwe okokuqala ngo-1961, i-Trap 22 ngokungangabazeki ingomunye wemisebenzi yobuciko ehlekisayo nedume kakhulu eyake yaba khona futhi iyisisekelo sosiko lwemibhalo yaseMelika, oluyenze yakleliswa ohlwini lwezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu zekhulu lama-XNUMX. . Umfundi uzocwiliswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo ezingenangqondo kanye nezingxoxo ezikhohlisayo ezigcizelela ubuwula bempi nobomuntu. Futhi kungukuthi "siyisihogo, futhi besilokhu sikhona," kusho uLaura Fernandez esethulweni. Uma ngizochaza isihogo, bekungaba yinto ehlekisayo ehlanyiswayo. Ngoba izwe liyinhlekisa kanjani. […] Ukuze lesi sintu sizame ukufunda okuthile ngaso. "
Kukhona okwenzekile
Ngemuva kwakho konke ukugxekwa nge-asidi, kukho konke ukufisa ukuhleka usulu noma ukubhuqa, sihlala sithola ukudumazeka komlandisi osemsebenzini emzamweni wakhe wokuveza ukuthi yini esishukumisela ukuba sikhubeke kaningi ngezindlela zethu, izinto eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye necala .. Ukuphumelela komphakathi kuwumgomo omubi kakhulu womphakathi wanamuhla ogcwele ububi. Lena indaba yokuhlukana.
UBob Slocum uyindoda enomona. Umphathi futhi uphumelele, unomfazi okhangayo nezingane ezintathu, "umngane" futhi, ngenxa yesikhundla sakhe, i-harem ezulazulayo. Nokho, kukhona okwenzekile. Amathuba okwehliswa esikhundleni sobukhosi bakhe, ukwesaba ukungafinyeleli esicongweni lapho kuthathwa khona izinqumo, kanye nenzondo yabaphathi bakhe, exutshwe nokuwohloka kwempilo yomndeni wakhe, kwakha usizi oluqhubekayo kuSlocum.
Isithombe somculi osemusha, omdala
Bekungekona okomuntu siqu, uJames Joyce. UHeller angathatha uDorian Grey njengesithenjwa. Into kwaba ukuhlenga lelo phuzu lokudlula umsebenzi ovula mayelana nobuciko nencazelo yabo noma imithombo yabo. I-Portrait of the Teenage, Iciko Elidala iyindlela eshukumisayo nejabulisayo engqondweni yeciko elicabanga ngempilo yalo lifuna umthombo wogqozi. Ukubukeka okuhlukile, okunyakazisayo nokuhehayo kwezobuciko, nazo zonke izikhathi zakho zokukhohlisa okunethemba nokudumala okubuhlungu.
U-Eugene Pota, umbhali wezincwadi ozithandayo Umsizi Usebe yinganekwane, isithonjana samasiko ngenxa yenoveli yakhe yokuqala, ufuna impikiswano ngomsebenzi wakhe oqondile lapho ebona ukwehla kwezinsuku zakhe ezizayo. Leyo noveli yokuqala yaphawula umsebenzi wakhe wokubhala. Kusukela ngaleso sikhathi kuqhubeke, wonke umsebenzi wakhe wahlakazwa ngokucophelela ngabagxeki, futhi, ngaphandle kwempumelelo yesikhashana, wawubhekwa njengontula.
Ekufuneni kwakhe itulo uphendukela kumkakhe, i-ejenti yakhe, umhleli wakhe, izithandwa zakhe zangaphambili, ngisho nodokotela wakhe. Wonke umuntu umlethela imibono, kodwa akukho neyodwa ekholisayo, ize idonswe phansi ngenxa yokudumala. Emzabalazweni wakhe ongaphumuli nogqozi, uPota, "alter ego" ka Umsizi, ihlolisisa "ingxenye edabukisayo" ekuphileni kwababhali abanjengoScott Fitzgerald, uHenry James, uJack London, noJoseph Conrad; isiphithiphithi impumelelo yokuqala eyabadalela abangazange bayithole kamuva kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe. Ngendlela, phakathi kwezenzakalo zokuphila kwakhe kanye nesiqalo sakhe senoveli esihlulekile, ukhokha intela kubabhali bakhe abathandayo; phakathi kwabanye, uMark Twain, uFranz Kafka kanye noJames Joyce ngesihloko. Isithombe somculi osemusha, omdala kwaba ukulandisa kokugcina kwe UJoseph Heller.
