Ikhono lokusabalalisa liyisidina ukuze ongqondongqondo abakhulu noma ososayensi, noma ngabe yimuphi umkhakha, bagcine besondela kuzimo ezibonakala ekuqaleni zikude kakhulu ngenxa yezobuchwepheshe noma okungaqondakali. Ababhali bathanda U-Eduard Punset u U-Oliver Sacks izibonelo ezimbili ezingavamile kuluhlu lwezincwadi zakhe esikuthola lokho kunambitheka komfundi okwenziwa, leyo ncazelo esondele, eyingathekiso, yokufanisa.
UJared Diamond es omunye walabo bantu abaxhumana kakhulu lokho kugcina kufinyelele kubafundi abaningi ngokukhathazeka kwe-anthropological kusuka kokuyisisekelo kuya kokusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu. Futhi umlingo wayo uhlala ekukholweni okugcwele komunye nomunye.
Ayikho into eyi-anthropological ngaphezu kocwaningo lwe-Evolution. Akukho okungahlanganisa yonke into maqondana nezinguquko zokuziphendukela kwemvelo ekuqaleni futhi okuholele ekuziphatheni kwezenhlalo, kwezenkolo noma kwezepolitiki kunendlela yokuhamba njalo kwempucuko yabantu ebumba yonke indawo isuka kumuntu ngamunye iye eqoqweni lonke.
Njengoba abantu bejwayela indawo abahlala kuyo futhi njengoba benza leyo ndawo ibe yindawo evelele yezinhlobo zabo, konke okunye kuyathuthuka emphakathini osuvele wenze iplanethi leyo dolobhana lomhlaba lifane nesigodi esasihlala abantu bakudala. .
Kungazwakala kukuzenzisa, kodwa UJared Diamond uyazi ngempela ukuthi angalandisa kanjani le nqubo ihluke kakhulu futhi inwetshwe ngesikhathi ngemininingwane eminingana yokwenziwa (kuwufanele udida). Futhi-ke, umthombo onjalo wolwazi usetshenziswa kabanzi ngochwepheshe futhi awunakuphumula. Ngakho-ke, uma ufuna ukusondela kumbhali ophelele wemibhalo yesayensi. Usendaweni efanele.
Izincwadi ezintathu ezinconyiwe nguJared Diamond
Izibhamu, amagciwane nensimbi
Umhlaba womuntu wamanje, ngakolunye uhlangothi lomhlaba obhalwe ukuthi "waseNtshonalanga" (mhlawumbe ngesenzo sokusangana esihlasimulisa umzimba esifuna ukunweba ingxenye yendawo yomhlaba kuyo yonke into evumelana nobuhlakani bayo), iqoqo lezici kwaziwa futhi kucatshangelwa umhlaba wonke.
Amaphethini ethu ayilokhu ayikho futhi kubo sibona umhlaba. Mhlawumbe yingakho, ukuphuma kokugxila okuhlehlela emuva emakhulwini amaningi eminyaka, uJared Diamond usibuyisela emuva ezinkulungwaneni zeminyaka ngaphambi kokuba indlela yethu yokuphila ibe iphupho elikude, noma i-dystopian, kuya ngokuthi uyibuka kanjani. Futhi sithola ukuthi umuntu uphucwa indawo yokuphephela okucatshangwa ukuthi ikhululekile yendlela yokuphila yamanje.
Mhlawumbe ukuqala ukuthola lawo ma-homo sapiens sapiens agcine eguqukela kuzici eziqonde ngokuphelele kuyaphazamisa.
Kakhulukazi lapho sithola ukuthi eminye imiphakathi ibheke kanjani ukuxhashazwa okuyisisekelo kwezinsizakusebenza zokuqala zezolimo nemfuyo ngenkathi abanye besebenzisa amandla amakhulu kakhulu ukuba babe ngamaqhawe okuqala emisebenzini efana nokuzingela.
Ngabe ukuziphendukela kwemvelo kwaphawulwa ngamandla noma ngobuhlakani obuncane maqondana nokulawulwa kwezinsizakusebenza? Isiphetho esilandelwe kuze kube yilolu suku sivele ekulinganeni kwamandla phakathi kwalokho uMama uMhlaba akunikezayo nalokho umuntu ayekuqonda ebudlelwaneni bakhe nabanye abantu.
Goqa. Kungani eminye imiphakathi ibekezela eminye inyamalala
Insumansumane yakudala yamaMaya noma ama-Inca ashiya izindawo zawo eziyizifanekiselo lapho kutholakala kamuva ukwakhiwa kwawo.
Ukuntuleka kwezinsizakusebenza noma ukuqothulwa ngenxa yobubi obuthile bendawo? Yisibonelo esisodwa nje sezimbangela eziholele ekuchumeni kwemiphakathi ethile nasekuqothulweni kwezinye. Isifo esimnyama noma umkhuhlane waseSpain wahlasela ngamandla lapho imiphakathi eyahlukene yaseYurophu yayivele iqala ukusebenzisana.
Kepha lezo zigaba zehlulwa ngenxa yohlobo oluthile lokugoma kwemvelo olwavimbela inhlekelele, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo okuthile okuzivikelayo. Namuhla izinselelo zesimo sezulu, ezemvelo nezebhayoloji zisekhona, futhi mhlawumbe nathi ngokwethu sizolekelela lolu bhubhane.
Ukufundwa kokwedlule kuhlale kuthakazelisa ukucabangela ukuqhuma kwamanje okungenzeka kube khona. UJared Diamond usihola kusuka empucukweni eyodwa kuya kwenye, ngezingqinamba nokuqiniseka ngesiphetho sakhe sokugcina.
Umhlaba kuze kube izolo
Izolo mhlawumbe besingahlukanga kangako. Ingqikithi yempucuko yethu ibonakala ngamadrayivu, imizwa, ngokulungiswa kanye nezinzwa. Umehluko usungulwa kokusizungezile, cishe ngaso sonke isikhathi imvelo yokufakelwa njengamanje lapho sihlela umhlaba wethu ungaphansi kunanini ngaphambili.
Kule ndawo, uJared Diamond ukhuluma ngesimo sethu samanje. Ukuzibona sifana ncamashi nalokho ebesiyikho kungasikhulula kulowo mqondo ohlomile wesesekeli kunokubalulekile.
Izifundo zombhali ngemiphakathi ehlukene esahlala kude nalelo zwe lomhlaba jikelele namhlanje zisebenza njengesizathu sokwazisa okuphakathi kokukamoya kuye kwezenhlalo.
Indlela emnandi lo mbhali akwazi ngayo ukubhekana nemibono ejulile mayelana ne-anthropological end eveza izici zomhlaba ezifana nemfundo, ukuguga, izikhala lapho kubalulekile ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuthola lowo mqondo wezinto ezibalulekile zokugcina ukubuyisa ama-horizons alahlekile ukuthi zisigxilisa kakhulu enjabulweni nasekuhlalisaneni kwethu okulinganiselayo nomhlaba uphucwe isici esingeqile.
