Kuvakala i-paradoxical, kodwa i Marx kwixesha lethu yingcali yezoqoqosho. Ndibhekisa kwindoda engumFrentshi uThomas Piketty. Ngandlel’ ithile, isibakala sokuba intshatsheli yobukomanisi obutsha sesokuba, ingcali yezoqoqosho, ibonakala ngathi yintelekelelo yokuba ubukhapitali bufikile, bufihla yonke into. Kodwa into engayithethiyo kukuba uPiketty uxhasa ukuxhaphaka kwabathengi. Kungenxa yokuba uburheletya obubizwa ngokuba yinkululeko akusoloko kufuneka bunxibelelene nengcamango yobukapitali.
Ngapha koko Amabhongo ezoqoqosho anempilo anokuqondwa njengokongeza, ulwakhiwo lwentlalontle yoluntu kunye nenkuthazo yokuphuhlisa nawuphi na umsebenzi (nokuba yinyani yokwahlula kwabo bagqiba ukuyizuza, ukuba uyafuna). Into engenakuqondwa kukuba, njengazo zonke ii-horizons, kuyakhuthazwa ukuba amabhongo kufuneka abe nendlela ekhawulezayo ngaphandle kwemiqathango.
Ngenxa yokuba kulapho ukungalingani kuqala khona kwaye kulapho ubuqhetseba apho abanamandla bazithoba ngokungathanga ngqo, kwaye ngaphandle komzamo okanye ungquzulwano, abaninzi baya kuba ngabantu abazizityebi abaphela bekhuphisana kwiimeko ezingalinganiyo ngenxa yokuba bengafikanga, ngokuchanekileyo, abazange batyebe. .
Yiyo loo nto kupholile ukufunda uPiketty kwaye ube naye njengengcali yezoqoqosho ukuba aqonde ukuba ayinguye wonke umntu okwimanyano yakhe amaphupha okuba ngumcebisi kuLehman Brothers okanye ingxowa-mali yexhalanga emsebenzini. Ukuba yingcali yezoqoqosho kusenokuthetha ukukhangela iindlela ezizezinye kuqoqosho olutsha olukhululekileyo ukusuka kwiisemantics kuphela zokugqithisela.
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziPhakamileyo eziCetyisiweyo nguThomas Piketty
UQoqosho lokungalingani
Kuyinyani ukuba u-Piketty akakhangeli iBhaso leNobel loxolo okanye ii-vibes ezilungileyo, ubuncinci. Iinkxalabo zakhe zobukrelekrele zihambela kulungelelwaniso lwezoqoqosho ngendlela ephantse ibe yinzululwazi. Oko ngokungathandabuzekiyo yonke into yalatha kuzinzo kunye nokulunga okufanayo, kunjalo kwakhona. Enyanisweni, ukuqonda ukungalingani njengenxalenye yebhalansi yangoku yehlabathi sele kuyinjongo evulekileyo yokubeka etafileni ubukrwada kunye nokuba nenkohlakalo yamandla anamandla kunye namandla amancinci ukuba idemokhrasi yentlalo esele ikhona kwibhodi yomdlalo.
Ukwanda kokungalingani okuveliswe bubungxowankulu obudlamkileyo nobungalawulekiyo ngowona mxholo mkhulu wale ncwadi. Kutheni le nto iqela leendlalifa ezityebileyo kufuneka libe nengeniso engavumelekanga kwabo banemisebenzi kunye neetalente zabo kuphela?
Esebenzisa uvimba weenkcukacha omkhulu nohlaziywa rhoqo, kwaye ezikhwebula kwizikhundla zemveli ekunene nasekhohlo, uPiketty ubonisa ukuba ukungalingani kuye kwaqatsela kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo ngenxa yohlaziyo olwahlukileyo lwerhafu oluthobileyo umthwalo werhafu kumacandelo atyebileyo oluntu. .
Ihlalutya izikhewu ekwabiweni kwentshiyekela phakathi kongxowankulu nabasebenzi, iyantlukwano ngokwembali naphakathi kwamazwe, iinkcukacha zokungalingani okunzulu kwihlabathi lezemisebenzi kunye neziphumo zezicwangciso-qhinga ezahlukeneyo zokusasazwa ngokutsha. Umyalezo oyintloko kukuba, ngaphaya kwemigaqo engabonakaliyo yobulungisa bezenhlalakahle, kuyimfuneko ukusabalalisa kwakhona ngcono kuba ukungalingani ngumqobo kuphuhliso lwamazwe kunye noluntu.
Kule nto, akwanelanga ukujonga ukuba ngubani ohlawulayo, okanye indlela emodareyitha ngayo okanye i-ambitious umgaqo-nkqubo wokusabalalisa kwakhona kwindawo yawo: kuyafuneka kwakhona ukuqwalasela impembelelo yayo kuyo yonke inkqubo yezoqoqosho, kwaye uxoxe ngeenzuzo kunye nokungalunganga komlinganiselo ngamnye.
Ke, uPiketty uvavanya ukusebenza kwenkcitho yentlalontle kwimpilo nakwimfundo, iminikelo yomqeshi kunye neentlawulo zentlalo, iinkqubo zomhlalaphantsi, ukumiselwa komvuzo omncinci, indima yeemanyano, umsantsa womvuzo phakathi kwabaphathi kunye nabasebenzi abanezakhono eziphantsi, ukufikelela kwityala kunye Iimfuno zeKeynesian zikhawuleza. Kwaye iqhubela phambili ngeengcinga ezintsha zokuqonda indlela ukungalingani okuveliswa ngayo kwaye ukhethe ezona zixhobo zingcono zokwabiwa kwakhona kobutyebi.
Inkunzi kunye nemibono
I-Ideology endaweni yeengcamango, lowo ngumbuzo ngaphandle kwamathandabuzo. Kuba kwahluke kakhulu ukuba negalelo kunye nokongeza izimvo ukwenza zonke iimbono ezibhekiselele kwintelekelelo eqhelekileyo, etyekeleyo, enomdla. Imbono yanamhlanje iyabhanxa kuba kudala inikezela kwiminqweno phantsi kowona mthetho ungakhange ucingelwe. Kodwa kwakhona kuyinyaniso ukuba kukho ininzi yaloo mazwi: "akukho nto intsha phantsi kwelanga." Kwaye kukuba iifom ziyatshintsha kodwa hayi iziphelo. Kwaye uPiketty wenza kwincwadi yalo mntwana efumanisa i-Emperor ehamba ze ngokudideka kwabo bonke, ebanjwe yinkohliso.
UThomas Piketty ukwazile ukufikelela kwimithombo yezemali neyembali abathi oorhulumente abohlukeneyo bala ukuyinikezela kude kube ngoku. Ngokusekelwe kufundo lwale datha engashicilelwanga, umbhali uphakamisa imbali yezoqoqosho, yezentlalo, yengqondo kunye nezopolitiko yokungalingani, ukusuka kwiklasi kunye nemibutho yamakhoboka ukuya kwimibutho yanamhlanje ye-postcolonial kunye ne-hyper-capitalist, edlula kwi-colonialist, i-communist kunye nentlalo yedemokhrasi.
Phila ixesha elide isoshiyali!: IziKronike 2016-2020
Kukho intetho evakalisa ukuba nabani na owayengengomkomanisi ebutsheni akanantliziyo kwaye nabani na ohlala engumkomanisi ebudaleni akanangqondo ... Kukwakho kwakhona iibhakana ezinkulu zelona lungelo lingavumiyo elalatha ekumkeni kwabo kwingcinga yobusoshiyali. yobutsha babo njengesicwangciso sokuhlangula sehlelo. Kodwa ubungqina bobokuba enye indlela ayihambi kakuhle kuthi. Ngokusisiseko, kuba ubungxowankulu obucetywayo ngoku buphakamisa ukuba siphile ngemithombo engenamkhawulo ekukhuleni rhoqo. Kwaye akukho zixhobo ezingenamkhawulo kwaye asinakukhula ngaphezulu kwenzonzobila...
Ukuba babendixelele ngo-1990 ukuba ngo-2020 ndiza kupapasha ingqokelela yeembali ezinesihloko esithi. Buphile ubomi bobusoshiyali! Ngendicinge ukuba liqhula elibi. Ndingowesizukulwana esasingenalo ixesha lokuhendwa buKomanisi kwaye esakhula sibona ukusilela ngokupheleleyo kweSovietism, utshilo uThomas Piketty kwintshayelelo engapapashwanga yale ngqokelela yeekholamu zakhe zenyanga ezipapashwe Le Monde ukusuka kuSeptemba 2016 ukuya kuJulayi 2020.
Ngeminyaka yoo-XNUMX wayenenkululeko engakumbi kunobusoshiyali, kodwa kwiminyaka engamashumi amathathu kamva ukholelwa ukuba i-hypercapitalism ihambe kakhulu kwaye kufuneka sicinge malunga nokoyisa i-capitalism, ngendlela entsha ye-socialism, intatho-nxaxheba kunye ne-decentralized, federal kunye nedemokhrasi, i-ecological kunye ne-feminist. .
Ezi kholamu, zizaliswe ngemizobo, iitheyibhile kunye nezicatshulwa ezongezelelweyo ngumbhali, kwaye ezenza udibaniso lwengcinga yenye yezona zoqoqosho zibaluleke kakhulu kwixesha lethu, zibonisa indlela inguqu yokwenyani, "i-socialism ethatha inxaxheba", iya kwenzeka kuphela. xa abemi befumana izixhobo ezibavumela ukuba balungelelanise ubomi babo beqela. Ukongeza, bamele ukuphononongwa okupheleleyo kwayo yonke imiba ephambili yezoqoqosho, yezopolitiko nezentlalo yamva nje, ukusuka ekusebenzeni kwe-EU, iBrexit, ukwanda kokungalingani, amandla eTshayina kunye neembaxa ezintsha zamandla ehlabathi. eyona ngxaki yamva nje yezempilo kunye nezoqoqosho ebangelwe sisibetho se-coronavirus.
