Izincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu zika-Robert A. Heinlein

Sikhuluma namhlanje mayelana URobert A. Heinlein, umbonisi wokugcina wababhali abakhulu bakudala bohlobo lwe isayensi yeqiniso. Emsebenzini wakhe wokubhala ngaphakathi kwalolu hlobo lweCiFi azinikele kuye ngothando, kimi igqamisa isifiso sokuhlaziya ezombangazwe, ezenhlalo yabantu kanye ne-anthropological. U-Heinlein uphendulela amanoveli akhe ekufundeni okunamandla okunganikeza umbono wokuzijabulisa ngenkathi ethula umbono wokuhlaziya ezicini eziningi ezahlukahlukene ezithinta umuntu kunoma yisiphi isici.

Ngezinye izikhathi sithola uHeinlein ngokuvumelana no Orwell nenganekwane yakhe eqine kakhulu yesayensi yezepolitiki, egcwaliswa ngumqondo we-dystopian wamanye ama-greats afana nawo UHuxley o IBradbury. Futhi ngasikhathi sinye sihlala sithola isiqephu esithokozisayo esibukhoma, esiguqukayo, esinabalingiswa be-anthological ababamba iqhaza kumanoveli amaningana, anjengoLazarus Long, noma ngezindaba ezilukwe ngokuphelele mayelana nokuhlasela kwempucuko yangaphandle, noma ngogqozi oluvela kuma-space opera, njalo isisekelo esimangalisayo sezinkanyezi nakuba zethulwe nalelo khono elifundisayo ngesikhathi esifanayo elijabulisa futhi elihlakulele.

Uma singathola futhi ezincwadini zakhe eziningi ukubuyekezwa komqondo ojwayelekile, ukucabanga okuthandwayo ngisho nokuziphatha ngezindawo ezintsha zomphakathi, sizothola umbhali okwazile ukuvusa izingxabano nokusungula ukunyakaza kwamasiko, kulokho kuseshwa okusha. synthesis yezenhlalo ukuthi, ngaphansi kwesibonelo sokweqisa nokuphikisana ngokuphelele, kusiza ukuvulwa kwayo yonke imicabango.

Ngamafuphi, funda uRobert A. Heinlein, enezincwadi zayo ezingaphezu kwezingama-30 ezishicilelwe, iyisimemo sokuthokozela okucatshangelwayo nobuhlakani ngaphakathi kwesimo sezesayensi esisekelo sazo samadokhumentari sigcina ngokunyathelisa ubuqiniso obumangazayo obuguqula inganekwane yesayensi ibe yimibhalo yokuqagela okungokwesayensi. Ngalolu hlobo lwekhwalithi enkulu yesakhiwo nokuqina kwamadokhumentari, uHeinlein uzuze imiklomelo eminingi emikhulu yalolu hlobo.

Izincwadi Ezinconyiwe ezi-3 eziphezulu nguRobert A. Heinlein

Inyanga isithandwa esinonya

Kumele ngivume ukuthi angazi noma ngabe le yinoveli enhle kakhulu kaHeinlein, kepha ngiyayikhetha ngoba ngibona ukuthi osukwini lwethu ifanele kakhulu.

Ukuxhumana, i-Intanethi Yezinto zikhomba indlela yokuxhumana phakathi kwabantu nazo zonke izinhlobo zamadivayisi namarobhothi. Kepha le nkinga inezingozi zayo, okokuqala kubonakale ukuhlaselwa kwe-cyber okusebenzisa ngokunenzuzo lokhu kuxhumana ukufinyelela kunoma iyiphi idivayisi.

U-Heinlein wakhulelwa le ndaba ngo-1966 futhi usitshela ngenyanga eyayiyikholoni lapho umbuso wobushiqela ngokuqinisekile wawungakaze ucatshangwe ngaphambi kokunqotshwa kwesikhala esisha ngaphesheya komhlaba. UMannie uhlala eNyangeni futhi uzimisele ukukhulula iWyoming Knott.

Ukuze enze lokhu, uzosebenzisa uMike, ikhompuyutha exhunyiwe ekwazi ukuketula ukuhleleka okusungulwe eNyangeni ngenxa yobuhlakani bayo bokwenziwa obuhambisana nokuzwa komuntu. Ukuthi iNyanga iyayizuza yini inkululeko yayo kuhulumeni wasemhlabeni ocindezelayo kuzoncika kuMannie...

Isihambi ezweni ongalazi

Inoveli esezingeni eliphezulu ukusivulela isiphakamiso esibucayi kakhulu ngempucuko yabantu. Umlingiswa kaMichael, ingxube yabantu kanye nangaphandle komhlaba (okungenani phakathi kokungafani kwakhe ngokomzimba nemfundo yakhe ezandleni zabaseMartians) ungumlingiswa owedlulele kakhulu osebenzela imbangela yokubheka amasiko ethu, ububi bethu, ukuziphatha kwethu, ukungqubuzana nakho konke okwenza thina bantu sibe buthakathaka imithetho, izikhungo kanye nezifunda zabo ezithatha ithuba. Lapho uMichael efika eMhlabeni ukungqubuzana sekuphelile.

Ngoba uMichael ufunde ukuwasebenzisa wonke lawo mandla abantu abawangcwabe isikhathi eside. Futhi lapho uMichael ethola inzondo evukayo, esizwa ngumsindisi wakhe uJubal Harshaw, uzodalula konke lokho okungenzeka akekho omunye umuntu ongakhula.

Amasosha esikhala

Ukusho ukuthi yi-opera yasemkhathini kungazwakala kudelela, njengoba le noveli iphelele ngokwengeziwe. Kepha kungahlala kubhalwe ngalo mqondo lapho sithola ama-interstellar adventures.

Ngoba ukuphela kwale noveli esethwe ngekhulu lama-XXIII kudlula empini esikhaleni, lapho uJohnnie Rico kumele akhombise ukubaluleka kwakhe njengomshayeli wezindiza osafufusa.

Ngokukhumbula ezempi umsebenzi wombhali kuze kube yilapho ukugula kumvimbela ekwandiseni umsebenzi wakhe, le ndaba iqamba icebo elinempilo nelinamandla esihlokweni esiphindaphindayo sodweshu esingasilindela ngempucuko evela kwamanye amaplanethi.

Njengemininingwane efanelekile, kufanele kuphawulwe ukuthi akuyona yonke into eyenzeka e-US, idolobha laseBuenos Aires liba yisisulu sokuqala semikhumbi engaphandle komhlaba ... nokuthi ifilimu yakhe ibukeka njengeqanda ku-chestnut.