Ukuhlangana phakathi kwefilosofi, izincwadi kanye nezindatshana kugxilwe ezimweni ezimbalwa emlandweni wezincwadi. Ukungajwayelekile futhi ukuveza kanjalo kunoma iyiphi indawo akusizi ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuhlanganiswa komuntu. Kodwa umphumela womsebenzi womuntu ongaziwa onjalo Henry David Thoreau kuhlobene kakhulu nombono wakhe oyingqayizivele noyinqaba wezincwadi njengokuhlanganiswa phakathi komcabango, izincwadi kanye nempilo.
Contemporary of UNathaniel Hawthorne, futhi futhi ongowokuzalwa e Massachusetts enyakatho, uDavid Thoreau wayephikisana naye ngokwemibhalo. Kodwa ngakho kokubili, ungakwazi ukujabulela lokho kuhambisana kwe-polarized okuhlanganisa yonke inkathi yekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye.
I-biography ka-Henry David Thoreau ine-biography eminingi, eba isibonelo sombhali obalulekile ocindezela izwe lakhe ukuze aveze umbono wakhe wezinto ngomfutho womfana ohlale ehileleke ezimfunweni nasezizabalazweni ezingaphezu kwamandla.
Izincwadi Eziphezulu Ezi-3 Ezinconyiwe Ngu-Henry David Thoreau
Walden
Idayari ye-hermit par excellence, ibhuku lokungena ezweni elikhulu labantu abasha abalahliwe emhlabeni yathuthuka ngemva kwekhulunyaka. Robinson Crusoe, ngezinkinga ezintsha zekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye esikhundleni sokuthintwa kothando komlingiswa omdala we UDaniel Defoe. U-Thoreau unquma ukuqhela esixukwini esihlanyayo (nakuba eyivelakancane kwi-Melancholic Concord yezindlu zamapulangwe) futhi ahambe nathi ukuze acabange kabusha umhlaba.
Incwadi ejatshulelwa kulowo mgomo wokuqina kwempilo engahlangene ngalutho nokushesha kodwa ngokubekezela, hhayi ngokushesha kodwa nalokho okulangazelelwa phezu komlilo ongasheshi. Incwadi ebhalwe ngalezi zimo ikhomba lokho kuzamazama okubalulekile komuntu okuhlanganiswe nendawo yakhe yokuhlala, kungekho okunye okumkhathazayo ngaphandle kokuxhumana kabusha nezakhi, ukuzinikela emisebenzini ebalulekile yansuku zonke lapho ubuhlakani bomuntu bufinyelela khona okuyisisekelo, imigomo ye-atavistic. Yiqiniso, ngemva kwalelo hlobo lika-1845 linikezwe ukuthula kwangaphakathi nokulahlwa, uThoreau wabuya ezokutshela, futhi lokho kusho okuningi mayelana nokungabekezeleki kwesizungu isikhathi eside.
Kodwa uThoreau wayazi ukuthi angathwebula kanjani okuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe nemibono yalezo zinsuku njengemanuwali enengqondo eyangena futhi isangena kunoma yimuphi umuntu ozindla ngokuziphendukela kwemvelo kwethu kwezenhlalo ehlushwa ukungabi nabulungisa nokungalingani komuntu phakathi kweqoqo. Futhi ikakhulukazi ekungabalulekileni kwezinto ezibonakalayo uma kuqhathaniswa nomuzwa wesikhathi sokuba wedwa okubhekana nomuzwa wokuthi ukuphila okwedlulele, nezibani zakhona namathunzi, yilokho nje, ukuthula kanye nomuzwa wokuba ngowendawo nomzuzwana. .
Ukungalaleli komphakathi
Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi ukwenqaba ngenxa kanembeza okungaholela umuntu ekungalalelini umphakathi kungaba yisikhali esijikijelwayo salabo abahlose ukuguqula noma yikuphi ukuhleleka okumisiwe (okunegunya noma kwentando yeningi), ngaphandle kokuhlukanisa uhlobo lwalowo myalelo. Ukungalaleli kuwubuntu kumuntu siqu nokuthambekela, kuyasebenziseka futhi kuyabazeka kakhulu eqenjini.
Njenganoma iyiphi incwadi enhle, ezikhathini eziningi le ncwajana engavumelani nemithetho, leli bhayibheli lokwenqaba ngenxa kanembeza ngisho nokungalaleli lisetshenziswa ngendlela engalungile yokuthakasela umphakathi esikhundleni sokuzifunela indlela yomuntu siqu. Ezinsukwini uThoreau okwakudingeka aphile ngazo, imisebenzi yakhe ibonisa ukuthi intuthuko yengqondo yomuntu ogxeka kakhulu owathola i-trompe l'oeil yezenhlalakahle, efihliwe ngalezo zinsuku namanje cishe ukwesaba okungokwenkolo, ekuqhumeni kwesiswebhu noma ukubhonga kwezikhali.
Okuwukuphela kwenguquko evelayo kule ncwadi yileyo ezikhathazayo ngokubhekana nabangalungile, kodwa engakaze iholele kwabanye ongqondongqondo abathi, njengoba kuboniswa ngomjikelezo, bacime ukulangazelela kwabo inkululeko ngokushesha nje lapho befinyelela emanzini azolile amandla kanye nemisinga yawo engosomathuba. ukwazi ukuthethelela konke.
I-Musketaquid
EWalden Thoreau wazithola. E-Musketaquid, noma okungenani ekulotshweni kohambo lwe-Musketaquid, uThoreau wayezilahlekele lapho eyedwa engekho. Ngaleso sikhathi, iminyaka emihlanu ...
Ngenxa yokuthi umfowabo uJohn wayenguzakwethu obalulekile ohambweni olwabayisa esikebheni i-Musketaquid bobabili abayethula emfuleni i-Concord futhi bendawonye babelana ngokudumala kothando okungenzeka ukuthi kwakungabaholela ekuxabaneni nomuzwa ofanayo ngowesifazane oyedwa. Futhi nokho banquma ukuhamba iziteshi ezinamandla ze-Merrimack noma i-Sudbury. Uhambo luzuze umphumela owawufiswa kakhulu wokubuyisana, ukuhlangana kabusha kanye nokuhlangana. UJohn waze washona ngendlela ebingalindelekile.
Ukulandiswa kohambo kuthola lokho kunambitheka okungenakuqhathaniswa kwe-adventure mayelana nempilo egeleza esikebheni nomuntu osondelene njengomfowethu. Impela ukuqanjwa kwendaba kungaholela umbhali emicabangweni edabukisayo. Kodwa ukubhala kuyimfundiso yefilosofi ngaleyo mpilo eyenziwa ngesibindi, ukuzimisela nokuzimisela ukubhekana nezingozi. Ngoba ukuqondana nokufa sekuvele kuphethe ukufika uwedwa, noma ngabe uyabesaba noma cha.
