Ngomthandi wakho konke okuphathelene nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye njengami, umbhali uthanda UVictor Hugo uba yisethenjwa esiyisisekelo ukubona umhlaba ngaphansi kwaleyo prism yothando ejwayelekile yangaleso sikhathi. Umbono womhlaba owahamba phakathi kwe-esoteric nesimanjemanje, isikhathi lapho imishini ikhiqiza ingcebo yezimboni nosizi emadolobheni aminyene. Isikhathi lapho kulawo madolobha ubukhazikhazi bonxiwankulu abasha kanye nobumnyama besigaba sabasebenzi okwahlelwa yimibuthano ethile ngomzamo oqhubekayo wokuguqula umphakathi.
Uqhathanisa lokho UVictor Hugo wayazi ukuthi angabamba kanjani emsebenzini wakhe wokubhala. Amanoveli azibophezele ezinhlosweni, ngenhloso yokuguqula ngandlela thile nangecebo elinempilo, elinempilo kakhulu. Izindaba ezisafundwa nanamuhla ngokubabazeka kweqiniso ngesakhiwo sayo esiyinkimbinkimbi nesiphelele.
Endabeni kaVíctor Hugo, i-Les Miserables kwakuyileloveli ephezulu, kepha kuningi ongakuthola kulo mbhali. Asiye lapho.
3 amanoveli anconyiwe nguVictor Hugo
Abadabukisayo
Imisebenzi yobuciko ayinakususwa esikhundleni sayo esivelele. Ukwakheka okuhle kwemibhalo kukaVictor Hugo yilokhu. UJean Valjean angalingana, ngokuya ngomlingiswa wezincwadi owaziwa kakhulu ezweni, noDon Quixote wethu.
A guy ngaphansi kwesisindo somthetho kanye nezwe ayehlala kulo. Umlingiswa esethulwa ngaye umzabalazo we-anthological wokuhle nokubi, ulungiselwe isikhathi sakhona esingokomlando, kodwa esidluliselwa kalula kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sempucuko yethu.
Isifinyezo: UJean Valjean, owayeyisiboshwa owaboshwa iminyaka engamashumi amabili ngecala lokweba ucezu lwesinkwa, uba yindoda eyisibonelo elwa nosizi nokungabi nabulungisa futhi enikela ukuphila kwayo ekunakekeleni indodakazi yowesifazane okwakufanele abe isifebe. sinda sindisa intombazane. Ngakho-ke, uJean Valjean uphoqeleka ukuthi aguqule amagama akhe izikhathi eziningana, abanjwe, aphunyuke futhi avele.
Ngasikhathi sinye, kufanele abalekele uKomishinara Javert, iphoyisa elingaguquguquki elimlandelayo aqiniseke ukuthi usalinde ama-akhawunti nohlelo lwezobulungiswa. Ukungqubuzana phakathi kwalaba bobabili kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokuvukela kwango-1832 eParis, lapho, lapho kuvinjwe khona, iqembu lezinsizwa ezinombono ophakeme lisukuma empini livikela inkululeko. Futhi, phakathi kwakho konke lokhu, izindaba zothando, ukuzidela, ukuhlengwa, ubungani, ...
Ngoba inqubekelaphambili, umthetho, umphefumulo, uNkulunkulu, iNguquko yesiFulentshi, ijele, inkontileka yezenhlalakahle, ubugebengu, indle yaseParis, indaba yothando, ukuhlukunyezwa, ubumpofu, ubulungisa ... konke kunendawo kuVictor Hugo kakhulu. umsebenzi omkhulu nodumile, Les Misérables.
Umlando ochwepheshile womlando waseFrance engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu le-1848, ukusuka e-Waterloo kuya emigoqweni evinjiwe ka-XNUMX, u-Victor Hugo ngokuzithandela wafuna ne-Les Misérables uhlobo lokubhala oluklanyelwe umuntu kanye nomhlaba wesimanje, inoveli ephelele. Hhayi ngeze, uphetha kanje: “... inqobo nje uma kusekhona ukungazi nosizi emhlabeni, izincwadi ezinjengalezi zingase zingabi yize”
Usuku lokugcina lomuntu ogwetshwe intambo
Isigwebo sentambo akuyona inkinga lapho izinkinga zokuziphatha zisebenza namuhla kuphela. Ukufa komuntu oyedwa ezandleni zomunye, ngaphandle komthetho, kuhlale kuthola impikiswano. UVictor Hugo ubhekane nayo kule noveli.
Isifinyezo: Isiboshwa sokufa esingaziwa sinquma ukubhala amahora okugcina okuphila kwaso kudayari. Ukungaqiniseki, isizungu, usizi nokwesaba kuyalandelana endabeni ephela lapho nje sekuzokwenzeka ukubulawa.
Ngokuhlupheka kombalisi, inoveli iyaphika noma yikuphi ukubaluleka kwesigwebo sentambo: ayinabulungisa, ayinabuntu futhi inesihluku, futhi umphakathi oyisebenzisayo ubhekene necala njenganoma yimuphi omunye. Inoveli yokuhlaziya noma idrama esondelene nayo, njengoba ichazwe ngumbhali wayo, ingaphambi kwesikhathi sayo ekusetshenzisweni kwe-monologue yangaphakathi, ezoba nentuthuko enkulu ekulandiseni kwekhulu lama-XNUMX.
Inkosi iyazijabulisa
I-parody ihlale inenhloso yokweqa umthetho, ngisho unembeza ngokuhlekisa okuhlekisayo. UVictor Hugo wakha iphazili elibuhlungu, elisemngceleni wesimo esibi seValle Inclán.
Isifinyezo: I-King Has Amusement, ka-Victor Hugo, iyingxenye emangalisayo ye-oda lokuqala, futhi hhayi nje ngenxa yehlazo elaliyizungezile ngesikhathi sokuqala kwayo ngo-1833, kodwa nangenxa yencazelo eqinile yomlingiswa wayo oyinhloko, i-jester Triboulet, kanye nendlela yobuciko ubuntu bakhe obukhohlisayo obuluka ngayo ugibe yena ngokwakhe azowela kulo. Lokhu kusonteka kubonakala ku-etymology yegama lakhe, triboler, okusho ngesiFulentshi Esidala ukuhlukumeza, inkathazo, into ujester wethu angayeki ukuyenza.
Inhloso yamajesti enkantolo yayiyinkimbinkimbi ukwedlula i-burlesque nje, futhi kunobufakazi bokuthi basebenzise umsebenzi wokuxwayisa, ngenkathi ukubonakala kwabo okungaphandle kwe-canon (iTriboulet is hunchback) kwakusebenza njengokuphikisana nokujwayelekile futhi ngaphezu kwakho konke ubuhle yemodeli yangempela, kungaba ukuyithuthukisa noma ukuyinciphisa.
