Izincwadi ezi-3 ezihamba phambili zikaThomas Mann

Akekho owaziyo ukuthi wayezoba ngumlobi onjani Thomas Mann eYurophu engenazimpi. Kodwa ezimweni ayephila kuzo, kusukela ngeMpi Yezwe Yokuqala kuya Kweyesibili, nenkathi ephakathi kwezimpi kanye nenkathi yokugcina yangemva kwempi yayihlanganisa, ukubandakanyeka kwakhe kwezombangazwe njengesisekelo sobuhlakani akuzange kumshiye engenandaba, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yiziphi izindleko. . Into exakayo ukuthi UThomas Mann waba i-idelist nhlangothi zombili, iphendukela ngokuqhubekayo ngakwesobunxele njengoba ubuNazi babuthola isikhala futhi busebenzisa amandla abo njenganoma imuphi umthetho.

Edingisiwe emazweni amaningana, isakhamuzi saseMelika iminyaka eminingi kwaze kwaba yilapho umbono wakhe wobunxele usumgcina futhi embeka kulelo lizwe isitha salo esisha kwakuyiRussia.

Umbhali ophumelele kakhulu, okokuqala eJalimane lakubo futhi emhlabeni wonke, lapho izincwadi zakhe zivinjelwe eJalimane. Ubaba wezingane owayenombono omuhle njengaye owayengangabazi ukungenela amasosha amelene nobuNazi. Ngo-1929, uMklomelo KaNobel wezincwadi.

Akungabazeki ukuthi impilo exakekile yalo mbhali, mhlawumbe umbhali onemininingwane engcono kakhulu wezinto ezazihlala eYurophu phakathi nengxabano yokuqala yekhulu lama-XNUMX.

Ukuba ngumbhali ophawulwe yizinkolelo zakhe eziqinile (yize ephikisana nesikhathi) nezimo zakhe, umsebenzi wakhe ugcina ukhuleliswe lelo qiniso laseYurophu. Kepha ukufundwa okuyisisekelo kubandakanya nokuzivocavoca okwethulwayo ezincwadini ezinhle.

3 Amanoveli anconyiwe nguThomas Mann

Intaba yomlingo

Mhlawumbe inoveli yakhe enhle kakhulu. Leyo yokuthi inkazimulo eyengeziwe nokudumazeka kamuva kungamnika yena. Akukhona ukuthi kuwumsebenzi ogcizelelayo noma wepolitiki, nganoma iyiphi indlela.

Kepha ngenkathi ubuNazi buphawula uMann, le noveli yajeziswa ikakhulukazi. Ithemba leYurophu lezimiso zokuziphatha ezithandabuzekayo kanye nezimo zomphakathi ezingavamile alilingani nobungcweti boMbuso Wesithathu.

Indaba efingqiwe: Isenzo sale noveli senzeka endaweni yokuhlushwa isifo sofuba eZauberberg, esanda kuvela, lapho kuhlangana khona abazala ababili babalingiswa abahluke kakhulu.

Ngaphezu kwezenzeko (ukujwayelana noClaudia Chauchat noma ongqondongqondo abayingqayizivele nabaphikisayo, izingxabano ezincane ezidalwe ukuhlala phakathi kwezinhlamvu ezinemvelaphi ehluke kakhulu, ukungqubuzana okuqhubekayo kokufa, njll.), Intshisekelo yenoveli ihlala ekukhiqizweni okuphelele kwempilo yangaphakathi, ethintekayo nenobuhlakani, kugalari ebanzi yezinhlamvu uMann azibonisayo phambi kwamehlo omfundi.

Ngaphandle kokungabaza, IMagic Mountain ingenye yemisebenzi eyaziwa kakhulu kaThomas Mann, owine iNobel Prize in Literature.

Okhethiwe

Yiqiniso, iBandla lalingenakukwazi ukuqhubeka ngaphandle kokuba ipeni likaMann limthethise kahle. Hhayi ngenxa yalokho elikumelelayo, kodwa ngenxa yokuzenzisa ngokuphathelene nokuphika yonke inkanuko yangaphakathi.

Isifinyezo: Okhethiwe uyinoveli enhle mayelana nezinkanuko eziphansi nokuphenduka. UThomas Mann usebenzisa umfanekiso kaGregorius, uPapa Gregory V, kanye negalari yezinhlamvu ezazigcwele kuye ukukhombisa ukubola kweSonto lesikhathi sakhe, kodwa ngaphezu kwakho konke ukuhlola umphefumulo womuntu.

Kanye nokwenziwa kabusha kwesikhathi okunamandla, okuheha kakhulu ngale noveli enkulu yeMann yimicabango, imizwa, ukungabaza kanye nezingxabano zomuntu siqu abalingiswa bakhe ababhekana nazo.

Iyakhanga njengoba kunesici se-halo esiyinkondlo kanye nokujula kwezinhlamvu ezibonisa umsebenzi wombhali omkhulu waseJalimane futhi kunomuntu ongokomlando ohlaba umxhwele ovezwe nazo zonke izibani nezithunzi zakhe, kanye nenkathi eyenziwe kabusha ngothando nokwethembeka.

UDokotela Faust

Evela e-United States, ngalowo mbono ofana nowokudingiswa olangazelela izwe elizizwa linikelwe ebubini, uThomas Mann wabhala inoveli yakhe edlula konke. Ukususwa kwakhe ngaphakathi kugcwele itulo elisethula kwiFaust yaseJalimane yakudala elungiswe ezimweni zoMbuso Wesithathu.

Isifingqo: Le noveli ithatha isimo se-biography, futhi kuyo uMann ukhuluma "ngokuhlehla okuyinhlekelele komoya othuthuke kakhulu ku-archaism yakudala" ebeka kokubili njengento eyodwa, eyomlingiswa oyinhloko, u-Adrian Leverkühn, futhi njengomunye wabo. izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu okwadingeka iJalimane ibhekane nazo ekhulwini lama-20, uDokotela Faustus ufinyelela ukuphelela okusemthethweni nokujula okungokomoya okungavamile ukutholakala ezinganekwaneni zanamuhla zaseYurophu.