Inoveli yomlando eqondakala kahle kumele, ngokombono wami, ibe nenhloso ecacile eyinhloko yokuzijabulisa. Kusetshenziswa inganekwane njengesikhali sokufundisa, ukuphakanyiswa kukazwelonke noma njengeqiniso elisha elihlukile kugcina kunikeze umdlandla wobandlululo engiwuzondayo kulolu hlobo lokulandisa. Uma ufuna ukubhala ngomlando ngokombono wokuzithoba, bhala i-eseyi. Imayelana nokuhlonipha womabili umlando nezincwadi, ngaphandle kokuhlanganiswa okumnyama ngoba uNkulunkulu uyazi ukuthi iyiphi injongo.
Ungakhathazeki, akunjalo URobert Harris, umbhali ozibophezele emlandweni ngokuphathelene nenganekwane. Umbhali othengisa kakhulu, isazi esihle sesimo somlando esihlongozwayo nomakhi ohambisana naleyo Ndaba. Ukubhala inoveli yomlando ngezinhlamvu eziphakanyisiwe kuyisenzo sokwethembeka sokuthi wonke umbhali walolu hlobo kufanele abeke phambili, njengohlobo lwesifungo sezinhlamvu zeHippocratic.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, uHarris yisazi-mlando esizifundisayo, njengoba ukuqeqeshwa kwakhe kuhlobene kakhulu ne-English Literature. Mhlawumbe yingakho eqala ekuhlonipheni amaqiniso afakazelwe ngaphambi kokuqalisa inganekwane emangalisayo ngezimo ezedlule noma ngezinhlanhla eziqanjiwe ezingenamahloni.
Intatheli edumile kanye nomlobi wezindaba ezweni lakubo, eNgilandi, uRobert wagcina ephendukela ekulandiseni kochwepheshe, enza isimangalo sakhe sakudala sokuba umbhali. Uma kubhekwa ukuthengiswa kwayo, inhloso yafezwa ngokuphelele.
Amanoveli amathathu anconyiwe nguRobert Harris:
Ezweni. Ngo-1964, ukuphela kukaMbuso Wesithathu sekusondele?
EMpini Yezwe II, i-Third Reich ne-Nazism ziye zagijimisa imifula kukayinki. Ngenze izinyathelo zami zokuqala nge kucatshangwa ukuthi uHitler udingisiwe eya e-Argentina.
Into ephathelene nochronies, into ephathelene nokucabanga ngalokho obekungenzeka ukube uMlando awudlulanga kulesi siteshi esimakiwe ngumkhakha wokulandisa othokozisayo ongasetshenziswanga ngababhali abambalwa ngandlela thile. Into kaHarris ekule ncwadi wuchrony omsulwa, ozwakalayo. UHitler akazange anqotshwe, ubuNazi baqhubeka nokwandisa inqubomgomo yabo yeNational Socialism nesisombululo sayo sokugcina ...
Indaba efingqiwe: Ngo-1964, uMbuso Wesithathu owawunqobile waqala ukugubha iminyaka engu-75 ka-Adolf Hitler.
Ngaleso sikhathi, kubonakala isidumbu sowesilisa osekhulile sintanta echibini laseBerlin. Lesi yisikhulu esiphezulu seqembu, okulandelayo ohlwini oluyimfihlo olulahla wonke umuntu okulo ngokufa.
Futhi bebelokhu bewa ngokulandelana, ngozungu olusanda kuqala nje ... I-Patria 1964 ilandisa ngekusasa elimnyama, elacatshangwa nguRobert Harris, umbhali wezintandokazi ezisheshayo u-Enigma nendodana kaStalin. Le noveli isiwe kumafilimu nakumabonakude.
Uzungu
Ukuzikhukhumeza neRoma lasendulo njengengxabano elandelwayo kuthatha isifiso sokwazi nokusondela kuzo zonke izinhlobo zezinto ezikude kakhulu ngesikhathi nangendlela.
UHarris uphinde abhale kule ncwadi wonke umhlaba wozungu lapho uMbuso WaseRoma wathutha khona phakathi namakhulu eminyaka wokubusa komhlaba. Ngaphandle kokungabaza amanoveli akhe amahle kakhulu ku-Cicero trilogy.
Indaba efingqiwe: UConsul Cicero, oyiriphabhulikhi eqinisekile, unezitha ezinamandla ezilungele ukumqeda. Omunye wabo ubizwa ngokuthi nguKesari ...
Ukuzilibazisa okuhle okuqanjiwe kwesinye seziqephu ezijabulisa kakhulu emlandweni waseRoma, kudlala uCicero okufanele abhekane nobuhle nobuqili bezitha zesimo sikaCatilina noma uKesari uqobo.
Umbhali wakha kabusha ngobulukhuni obukhulu yonke inethiwekhi yezingqinamba nokonakala okwabusa eRoma ngo-63 BC, nokuthi unxusa uCicero ulubhuntshisa kanjani uzungu lukaCatilina futhi abe ngumsindisi weRiphabhulikhi.
Kodwa-ke, uCesari, okwazi ukuphuma engenamyocu kuloluzungu, ubambisene noCrassus kanye noGeneral Pompey abaphumelele ukunciphisa iSenate. Izinsuku zeRiphabhuliki zibaliwe, futhi uCicero, ophoqelelwe ekudingisweni, unosuku olulodwa kuphela lokushiya konke futhi asindise impilo yakhe.
Amandla ethunzini
Akuyona yonke into eyinoveli Yomlando ecaleni likaHarris. Isasasa lezepolitiki nalo liyinkambu umbhali asebenza ngayo ngokwanele.
Phakathi kwamanoveli ezinhloli, kuthatha kuphela izici ezibonakala kahle zeqiniso ukuze kuqanjwe umhlaba ongaphansi wepolitiki yamazwe ngamazwe kanye nezingozi ezinkulu zobuphekula nobugebengu obuhleliwe.
Isifinyezo: Uzungu lwezepolitiki olushesha kakhulu olukhuthazwe ngabantu bangempela. "UNegro" obephethe ukubhala umlando wokuphila kukaNdunankulu waseBrithani ushone ngaphansi kwezimo ezingajwayelekile. Ukungena esikhundleni sakhe kuthola imininingwane ephazamisayo engafakazela ukuxhumana kukamengameli namacala ezempi ahlanganiswe wukulwa nobushokobezi.
Lapho usopolitiki efa ngokuhlaselwa, umbhali uzoqonda ukuthi manje kunanini ngaphambili impilo yakhe ilenga ngentambo.
Isasasa elibabazekayo lezepolitiki, elinezinhlamvu ezaziwayo ezivela kwezepolitiki zamazwe omhlaba. Ukuhlaziywa okuvulekile kwezepolitiki zomhlaba nokuhleleka okumisiwe.
Amanye amanoveli anconyiwe nguRobert Harris:
Munich
Mhlawumbe izivumelwano zaseMunich zangoSepthemba 30, 1938 zazingukuqalwa kwezifiso zamaNazi zama-impiriyali. Ukuxhunyaniswa kweSudetenland neJalimane lamaNazi kwaba yilokho kuvunyelwa kwenjongo yoMbuso Wesithathu, ngaphambi kokugqashuka kokugcina kweMpi Yezwe II, futhi kwahunyushwa nguHitler njengesenzo sobuthakathaka ngabaholi baseYurophu baseFrance nase-United Kingdom ababekhona lowo mhlangano oyinhlekelele.
Akekho ongcono kunoRobert Harris ukubhala inoveli ethakazelisayo kulo mongo oyingqayizivele. Ukulandisa okuhloniphayo amaqiniso kodwa ngobuciko kwaholela kulokho uchrony owawufisa ukugcwaliseka.
Kwesinye isikhathi, ngokungenelela kwabanye abalingiswa bezimantshi njengoHugh Legat, isandla sokudla sikaMongameli waseBrithani uChamberlain futhi ophethe umsebenzi womshoshaphansi ngesikhathi sohambo lukamongameli oluya eMunich; kanye neJalimane uPaul Hartmann, umphikisi ongagunci kaHitler kanye nosopolitiki onezixhumanisi zokugcina zamandla ezingaguqula isimo, le noveli ithola ukunambitheka UKen Follet ungene Ubusika bomhlaba.
NguHarris kuphela ogxile kakhulu enjabulweni engokomlando, ekumeni okukhulu kukagesi ngaphandle kokuvuma, kusimo esiyingqayizivele lapho umfundi efunda khona ngokunambitheka okuhle kwemininingwane, ngokusebenzisa iziphambano umlando wangempela ozihlinzekela ukungena emacaleni aqanjiwe aphazamisa futhi amangaze.
Lezo zinsuku zikaSepthemba 1938, lapho impi yamaSino namaJapane yayisondela kakhulu emigqonyeni yezingxabano zaseYurophu, uHitler wabonakala elindele ngabacasuli bakhe ukuthi yini eyayizokwenzeka ngonyaka olandelayo lapho ehlasela iPoland.
UChamberlain ukholelwa ukuthi unesikhathi sokumisa uHitler. Kwenzeka okufanayo nonobhala wakhe uHugh Legat, obulala umngane wakhe uPaul Hartmann futhi wadweba icebo eliyimfihlo abanomuzwa wokuthi bangakwazi ukuguqula iqiniso elikhomba inhlekelele eseduze.
Kulapho amakhono ahlakaniphile ka-Robert Harris okusola avela khona ngamandla, eholela umfundi esimweni esibonakala siqhubekela phambili ngokuhambisana nezehlakalo zalezo zinsuku, esikwazi ukuxhumana nokuguqula okwenzekile, sivuse imizwa ejulile nemizwelo kuyo yonke indawo. Izincazelo zezimo ezidlulele abalingisi abadlula kuzo.
