Izincwadi ezihamba phambili ezi-3 zikaJonathan Swift

Emuva ngekhulu le-XNUMX kwakukhona vele labo ababelindele ukusetshenziswa kwenganekwane njengomsebenzi olandisa kabili. Empeleni, uhlangothi lokudala oluhle kakhulu, kepha ngaphandle kokukhohlwa ukugxekwa okungaba khona kwezenhlalo ukuthi noma ikuphi ukufana kungavuna. FUTHI UJonathan Swift, esimweni sakhe njengendoda yenkolo futhi enozwela lwezepolitiki olwaziwayo, kwaba yilokho Umbhali ohlekisayo okwazi ukufihla konke njengezincwadi ezinhle kakhulu, yilokho okukhulunywa ngakho, ukukwazi ukugxeka ngonya ngenkathi uxoxa indaba eyela ngasochungechungeni lwabalingiswa noma ezokufika lokho kuthumba ngempela noma imuphi umfundi.

Akukho okunye okufanekisela le nhloso ephindwe kabili kunomsebenzi wakhe omkhulu weGulliver's Travels, indaba ehlukile eyamangaza futhi nanamuhla inezinhlobonhlobo zayo emkhakheni omkhulu wokuzijabulisa kanye nefantasy, kepha futhi eyayine-underground intando yokugxeka ezepolitiki zalezo zinsuku, ngenkathi ukungena emibonweni yefilosofi.

Kepha ngale umsebenzi omkhulu ku-Gulliver nokuzidela kwakhe, efakwe namuhla kuhlobo lwenganekwane ngaphandle kokuhumusha okuqhubekayo, ukulandisa okulohloka njalo kwalo mbhali kusinikeza eminye imisebenzi eminingi lapho lezo zincwadi ezibophezeleke kwababucayi sezivele zitholakale njengomthombo odingekayo lapho izinganekwane ziwukubonakaliswa kweqiniso.

Izincwadi Ezinconyelwe ezi-3 eziphezulu nguJonathan Swift

Ukuhamba kukaGulliver

Kukhona okuthile kokuguqulwa komlingo kule noveli, kwe-sublimation yombhalo, yokuchazwa kabusha. Akunakuqondwa nganoma iyiphi enye indlela ukuze inoveli enentando ebucayi, enezincazelo zayo zomphakathi nezepolitiki, igcine isakhiwa njengokufundwa kwezingane ezinsukwini zethu.

Ngicabanga ukuthi sonke ngasikhathi sinye sike sayifunda le odyssey eyingqayizivele esethwe kulowo mhlaba wemikhumbi owahamba olwandle ufuna izindawo zokugcina ezingaziwa emhlabeni, umhlaba onezinkomba zesimanjemanje kodwa ngasikhathi sinye ne-esoteric, ngobuqili, nezinkolelo zokhokho ezaxhumanisa ezomkhathi ne-fantastic.

Isihloko sokuqala esasifundeka ngokuthi "Uhambo oluya ezizweni ezahlukahlukene ezikude zomhlaba" sihlobanisa umsebenzi kakhulu nomqondo wokusebenzisa ithuba le-adventure ukunikela inganekwane nokuphikisana kwayo nokuziphatha kwayo.

Kepha uhambo olubaluleke kunazo zonke olwenziwe yilomsebenzi luye lwaholela ekuqinisekisweni kwesibonelo esisodwa esihle kakhulu sohlobo lwenganekwane. Izingxenye zalo ezine, kusukela ekufikeni kokuqala eLilliput kuya ekuzideleni kokugcina eHouyhnhnms zisinikeza ushintsho kumuntu ebusweni bezinto ezihluke kakhulu zezwe ngalinye elisha elitholakele.

Futhi uGulliver, udokotela onomoya wesivakashi, udlula ezenzakalweni nasekufundeni. Ohambweni ngalunye olusha olwenziwa nguGulliver, sibona indawo ecebile echazayo phambi kwemihlaba ehlala amancanyana, noma iziqhwaga, noma amahhashi futhi sikujabulela ukungafani neqiniso lomhlaba kaGulliver uqobo, umhlaba wethu, sibonga imibukiso ecebile yokuthi uGulliver uhamba kwelinye lamazwe amasha awavakashelayo.

Ama-Adventures ngobuningi alindele i-Gulliver ohambweni ngalunye olusha nasendaweni ngayinye entsha, ejabulisa abasha nabadala.

Indaba yomgqomo

Ukufihla okungenzeka kokulandisa kwezingane lapho kufihlwe khona uJonathan Swift njengamanje, kubhuntshiswe ngokuphelele ngemisebenzi enjengale.

Isimilo esimile futhi sinesici esihle, le ncwadi ingukulingisa okubukhali lapho umbhali anika khona umlando omuhle ngemisinga yenkolo (ikakhulukazi iCalvinism) ngenkathi ethela imibono yakhe eqinile emkhakheni wezincwadi wesikhathi sakhe.

Kuyafaneleka impela ukufunda lo msebenzi ngokubhekisisa kabanzi izimo zombhali, kepha uma ususondele kuleyo ndawo yezenhlalo nezepolitiki, ukujabulela umsebenzi kuyaqinisekiswa. Ngoba wonke umsebenzi unikeza ukubane kwenkululeko yokudala ekwazi ukuhlasela yonke into.

Umsebenzi owethulwe emcabangweni, ekuhlekeni, ekuhlekisweni usulu futhi wesimanje ngokwedlulele ngesikhathi sawo, ngalowo moya wesimanjemanje osinda kunoma imuphi umphakathi owenele ngokunganaki.

Isiphakamiso esithobekile

Ngaphansi kwalesi sihloko esimema umbono wokubonisana okusesilinganisweni noma olinganiselayo, ekugcineni sizulazula embonweni ophithizelayo wokuthi yonke into iwukubhuqa, indida ezalwa esihlokweni futhi yembuleka kuyo yonke indatshana "ecatshangelwayo" ehlanganisa inganekwane embi nethi cha. iqiniso elincane elimnyama...

Ake ngichaze: Ekugcineni, umsebenzi uzama ukuchaza ubudlelwano phakathi kwe-Ireland neNgilandi, ecubungula izinto ezifana nokufihla okungenakwenzeka kosizi lwabantu abakwaziyo ukugcina umthetho othi ngokusetshenziswa kwezingane uma zingakwazi baqinisekise ukunakekelwa kwazo, njengento ejwayelekile ngezikhathi kanye nezimpikiswano eziphakathi kwezizwe.

Impela maningi amahlaya aluhlaza, amnyama. Ukufunda le nhloso ye-asidi yombhali kungamangaza ipeni elifanayo elikwazi ukubhala uhambo lukaGulliver. Kodwa-ke, kufanele futhi sicabange ukuthi i-Gulliver's Travels yayingahloselwe ukuba umdlalo wezingane. Zimangaze "ngesiphakamiso senhlalo yabantu" sobukhulu bokuqala sokukhulula i-Ireland ezinkingeni ezinkulu zosizi nokucela.