Izincwadi ezi-3 ezinhle kakhulu zika-Irène Némirovsky

IYurophu engxenyeni yokuqala yekhulu lama-XNUMX yaba yisimo esibi kakhulu emndenini wamaJuda ofana nalowo U-Irène Némirovsky. Phakathi kokudingiswa kanye nokubalekela inzondo engapheli, intando yokusinda yayihlala yenza indlela yayo. Ngisho nasendabeni yabakwaNémirovsky, ababengabhekwa njengomkhaya ovamile noma iyiphi ingane eyayiwulangazelela.

Ukungalaleli kanye nokunganaki, ikakhulukazi kunina, kwaphawula ukuphila kokuqala lapho u-Irène kwadingeka afunde khona ngokwakhe, ngisho nezilimi ezahlukene zamazwe abadlula kuwo lapho behlala khona, ezivuselelwe kuze kube yizikhathi zezwe. Hitler.

Awusoze wacabanga ngobulungiswa bezinkondlo bokudlula komsebenzi ngokuphathelene nombhali. Kuyacaca ukuthi izinto ezesabekayo okwadingeka ukuthi u-Irène abhekane nazo azivalwanga nakancane ngokukhazimula kobufakazi bakhe obulotshiwe ezikhathini eziningi phakathi kokulandisa kanye nokuqanjiwe.

Kepha lowo msebenzi, ofikile kuze kube namuhla, usebenza olunye uhlobo lobulungiswa, lolo lokukhumbula okwethusayo, ngesihluku esazalwa ekubuseni kwamaNazi kepha esadlulela ekuziphatheni okubi okwavela njenge-inertia ehlanyayo. Umuntu uyimpisi kumuntu, njengoba uHobbes angasho. Futhi phakathi kwengxabano, kunezimpisi eziningi njengoba kunemiphefumulo ehlaselwe ukwesaba.

Izincwadi ezinconyiwe ezi-3 eziphezulu ngu-Irène Némirovsky

Umnumzane wemiphefumulo

Yonke into inombono ophelele kusukela kokubi noma okuhlekisayo. Ngoba uMlando ukhuluma ngama- mediocrities, kuyilapho i-extravagance igcina iveza amaqiniso afihliwe. Izifiso ezindala zabantu emphakathini, amaphupho amanzi okukhula noma izinkanuko ... Kule ncwadi sihlangana nabalingiswa abayiqiniso kakhulu engqondweni yabo eyinkimbinkimbi, ekuphikisaneni kwabo kanye nezimo zengqondo ezixakayo. I-mosaic iyonke iyidolobha elihle laseParis. Kodwa emva kwakhe izithunzi zobuntu ziyanyakaza...

UDario Asfar, udokotela osemusha odabuka eCrimea, ufika eNice ephelezelwa umkakhe nendodana yakhe esanda kuzalwa. Ehlushwa yizikweletu, u-Darío ulwela kanzima ukuzuza ikhasimende, kodwa imvelaphi yakhe yase-Levantine ibangela ukungathembani nokwenqatshwa. Isimo esibucayi somndeni wakhe sibe sesimcindezela ukuba enze okuwukuphela kwendlela anikezwe yona yokubalekela usizi: esebenzisa ithuba lokuthandwa okukhulayo kokuhlaziywa kwengqondo, uDarío uba umelaphi othuthukisiwe, uhlobo lwe-charlatan oluzimisele ukunikeza onxiwankulu abacebile ukuthula kwengqondo. kanye nenjabulo abayilangazelelayo. Nokho, impumelelo kanye nenhlanhla osekunesikhathi ilindelwe izoba nemiphumela engalindelekile kuye.

I-stroke elula ka-Némirovsky ichaza ngokunethezeka okungapheli i-Paris ye-XNUMXs, lapho amakhosi anamandla nabesifazane abahle bomhlaba behlala khona nenkantolo yabalayisha mahhala, abantu abaswele kanye nama-scoundrels agcwele idolobha, akha umhlaba wobuso obuyinkulungwane obuthakazelisayo.

Indawo yesiFulentshi

Umsebenzi ongaqediwe njengalokhu unesimangalo esithile salokho okusazoshiwo. Okubaluleke kakhulu uma kubhekwa ukuthi amakhasi ashiywe engabhalwanga ngenxa yohambo lokugcina lombhali lokuya ekamu lokufa lase-Auschwitz.

Kodwa namanje ayikaqedwa futhi yalulama ngenxa yesizathu eminyakeni engaphezu kwengu-60 kamuva (noma mhlawumbe ngenxa yokuvela kabusha kobufakazi obunjalo obufanele), le noveli yokwesabeka kokuqolwa kwamaNazi eFrance, enkabeni yayo okuwumlingiswa wombhali. . Ngoba wayeyingxenye yalabonxiwankulu abahlukahlukene bomphakathi waseParis othuthukile.

Kuze kube yilapho izwe laseFrance, ngokwesaba ngemuva kokuqhunyiswa kwamabhomu okuhlose ukuqothula ngokuphelele, livumile ukushushiswa kwamaJuda namanye amaNazi ekuxazululweni kwawo kokugcina.

Ngqo lapho, ngaleso sikhathi lapho umphakathi uhlukaniswe kabili phakathi kwabasindisiwe nabagwetshiwe ngumqondo wombuso wamaNazi, umuntu wethulwa kithi ngakho konke okuncane.

Ukulandisa kuthola isibungu esibuhlungu lapho kucatshangelwa ukuthi u-Irène uqobo wayezosatshalaliswa ngoshushiso nokuthi wayesalelwe izinyanga, amasonto noma izinsuku ukuthi agwetshwe ekamu lokuhlushwa.

Ukufaniswa kokukhashelwa phakathi kwalabo ababekade bengabangani noma ababesondelene nabo. Umsebenzi ukhiphe okubi kakhulu kuwo wonke umuntu. Okwesabisayo ukuthi iParis nayo iba yindawo yamahhala yamaJuda azingelayo.

Yonke iYurophu yavuma, ngokwesaba kwabanqotshiwe, kulolu hlelo lobuhlanya bezinhlanga ezihlanzekile. Ukufundwa kwezingxenye ezimbili lapho umsebenzi wawusontekile khona, okuthe ngqo ngenxa yaleso siphetho esinobudlova kuvusa nakakhulu ukwethembeka kwalokho okulandwa njengobufakazi obungenangqondo.

UJezebhele

Inoveli enkulu yezengqondo. Indaba engena kulolo hlobo lokunambitheka kwalolo hlobo lokutholwa kwesakhiwo somuntu siqu sezithonjana zenhlalo.

Kepha kusukela ku-prism ejulile esingacabanga ngayo. UGladys nomazibuthe wakhe ophazamisayo kwabanye besifazane "abahle". UGladys nokuba khona kwakhe kwenza utshwala buphuzwa ukuze babujabulele ngokukhohlwa.

Lapho yonke into yomuntu ilahlekile, kusala kuphela ukuzivuselela ngaphandle kokubandlulula. Futhi uGladys yilowo wesifazane ovuselelwe ezingxenyeni zakhe, engakwazi ukulandela izindinganiso zokuziphatha ezake zamholela ekubhujisweni kuphela. Kepha manje uGladys obambekayo ubhekene necala lokubulala.

Umzimba wesithandwa sakhe esincane ubonakale ungaphili ngemuva nje kokuba naye. IParis ibhekene noGladys. Noma ukunambitheka kwesidumbu. Wonke umuntu ufuna ukwazi konke ngoGladys.

Futhi njengoba imibono yecala idlula kuleyo X-ray yezisusa zombulali, lokho okwedlule ukuthi uGladys wayefuna ukukhohlwa njalo kutholakala. Uthando lwenyama nomfana lufihla izimfihlo eziningi ngempilo kaGladys kodwa futhi nangeqiniso lalabo ababhekene naleli cala ngombono wokuthi "ukujwayeleka" sonke esikukhipha sigqoke ekhaya.

Ezinye izincwadi ezinconyiwe ngu-Irene Nemirovsky

I-pawn ebhodini

I-pawn ayihlale yazi ukuthi, lapho ifinyelela kokunye ukweqisa, ingase iphinde izalwe kabusha (noma yenziwe kabusha) ibe yinoma ubani ayifunayo. Futhi iqiniso liwukuthi wonke umsebenzi kufanele ahlale ekhumbula lowo mkhathi engqondweni. Ngisho nangokwengeziwe lapho kubonakala kungenakwenzeka kakhulu, kubhekene naleso sitha okungenye i-pawn evimbela isinyathelo esilandelayo esiya phambili. Ambalwa amakhosi azaziyo ukuthi angagcina eseyizidladla uma ehlala ngemuva ebhodini, ngaphandle kokuthi afake inqaba ne-rook.

Indodana yesikhulu sensimbi otshalomali bayo buwile, uChristophe Bohun, indoda engenazo izifiso, amathemba noma izifiso, usebenza e-International News Agency futhi uhlala noyise ogulela ukufa, umkakhe, isithandwa sakhe kanye nendodana yakhe, ezungezwe ubukhulu obubi futhi uhlushwa yi-deep malaise. Kanye nenkumbulo engacacile yowesifazane ake amthanda, okuwukuphela kwentokozo yakhe umuzwa wenkululeko imoto yakhe emnikeza yona.

Lapho ephoqeleka ukuba ayilahle, uvele aqaphele “usizi olujulile nolungaqondakali” oselumkhungethe isikhathi eside. Nokho, lapho uyise eshona, uChristophe uthola imvilophu evaliwe engase ibe yisikhali esingamnyakazisa ebuthongweni bakhe obumnyama.

Umdanso

Enye yamanoveli okuqala ombhali. Indaba egxile ku-protagonist nangomzuzwana. U-Antoinette akakwazi ukujabulela umdanso olungiselelwe umndeni wakhe ukuthola lelo dumo lomphakathi imali yakhe engakafiki kulo.

Sitholakala eParis yango-1930 okukhanya kwayo umbhali akupendayo ngokulandisa okuyigugu, phakathi kwe-lyrical kanye ne-pictorial. Isiphakamiso sifushane futhi silula.

Kuyindaba yokulandela u-Antoinette omncane esenzweni sakhe esiphambukayo sokuya ekuvuthweni, ekuhlambalazeni kwakhe umama nezwe. IKampf ijabule njengoba inovalo ngokufika komdanso wokujabulisa abalingiswa abaziwa kakhulu enhlokodolobha yaseFrance.

Kodwa u-Antoinette uzomgibela ngendlela ehlakaniphile kunayo yonke. Futhi ngakho-ke uzokwazi ukudalula umama oqinile njengoba engenasimilo, enonya njengoba engenandaba neze nemfundo yendodakazi yakhe.

Inoveli encane enjengetshe elincane lokufunda nokujabulela leyo nhlalo yomphakathi yama-fatwas nobukhazikhazi nosizi olubonakaliswa kalula ngemuva kwe-tinsel.