Lapho uzama ukuthola umbhali ohamba phambili ezweni, kungcono ukuthi ubuyele ekuvumelaneni komkhakha wezamasiko walelo zwe. Futhi esimweni saseJalimane iningi elinqumayo UJohann Wolfgang von Goethe njengomxoxi wezindaba omkhulu kunabo bonke owazalwa futhi wanyathela kulowo mhlaba.
Ubani owaziyo ukuthi lokho kudlula emphakathini kwakuyinhloso yakhe yokugcina. Okusobala ukuthi ngemisebenzi yakhe wayefuna ukweqa okukhona, ukungafi. I-Faust Yakhe, ubuciko bomhlaba wonke, ingena phakathi kwezinkungu emhlabeni wokuhlakanipha, ulwazi, ukuziphatha, yonke into ethinta umuntu enqubweni yakhe yokuziphendukela kwemvelo ephelele neyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.
Kodwa UGoethe ubenothando, enkulu kunazo zonke, cishe. Futhi lokho kwakusho inhloso engokomoya ngisho maqondana ne-esoteric. Inhloso kaGoethe bekuyoba okungaphezu kokuthi agcine engumbhali ofundile, kodwa ukuzuza ilebula lombhali ohamba ngomphefumulo womuntu, elibangise ezulwini noma esihogweni. Akukhona kakhulu ngokuthola izimpendulo ezinobufakazi noma izinhloso eziqinile, kodwa kumayelana nokuqoqa ulwazi oluphathekayo kanye nemibono yokunotha okukhulu.
Ngoba ukwazi ... isayensi yayivele ikhona, emagatsheni ayo ahlukahlukene lo mbhali odumile naye wangena. Kusuka ku-anatomical eqinile njenge-optics ne-osteology kuya kumakhemikhali noma i-geology. UGoethe ngokungangabazeki wagibela ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngangokunokwenzeka, njalo efuna izinkambu ezintsha lapho angathola futhi afunde khona. Njengokuhlanganiswa kwamandla akhe amakhulu, uGoethe naye wakhetha ezepolitiki, lapho ukuba ngusopolitiki wafuna olinywe kakhulu futhi onesiphiwo ...
UGoethe waphila iminyaka engama-82. Futhi into yokubhala yothando yahlala isikhathi eside njengoba kwenzeka. Eminyakeni yakhe yokugcina njengomsunguli wezincwadi, kwasala okuncane kwalolo thando oluhehayo futhi kwavela umbhali we-classicist, into ejwayelekile yombhali owayegibela phakathi kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalombili neshumi nesishiyagalolunye. Eminyakeni eminingi kangaka yokuphila, ubufakazi bakhe babubalulekile emlandweni wase-Europe. Ithonywe abanye ababhali abaningi futhi yabhekwa, mhlawumbe kanye noLeonardo Da Vinci, indoda ehlakaniphe kakhulu emlandweni ...
Amanoveli aphezulu kaJohann Wolfgang von Goethe
Ubukhazikhazi
UFaust wayehlale eyinganekwane yobuze bamuntu, intando engenamkhawulo nokuvelela. Okuyindida ngeFaust ukuthi le nhloso ehlanganisa konke inhle futhi iyimbi.
Futhi kusukela kulesi siphakamiso esicebile okungumlingiswa nje, uGoethe wayekwazi ukudala enye yamanoveli amakhulu kakhulu, akwazi ukuhlanganisa yonke imibono yomuntu, kusukela kokufuna ukuvelela kuya koyigwala kakhulu.
Ngoba kuhlale kunesizathu sokwenza nokuziphatha. Sonke siyiFaust, esikwazi ukucabanga ngokuthengisa umphefumulo wethu kusathane ukuze sijabulele impilo ephelele. Ukugcwala kuhlala kuyindaba yokwanelisa intando yethu yolwazi, futhi ngokuthi sishiya izimpilo zethu ...
Isinxephezelo siyindawo yokuhlala kwethu ngusathane..., kodwa lokho kuzoba kwenye impilo, uma usuwushiyile lo mhlaba izinyawo zakho kuqala nokumamatheka okubandayo ngokuzuza konke, kusukela olwazini oluningi kuya olwazini lwakho konke injabulo. Lowo kwakuwumbono kaFausto, isizathu sakhe sokuthengisa umphefumulo wakhe. Kodwa nokho, eFaust sithola ukukhungatheka okujulile okukhona.
Ngemuva kwakho konke, uSathane uyazi ukuthi yini ngokwemikhawulo yethu ngokwazi konke nokuhlanganisa konke. UGoethe wayekwazi ukuyiphakamisela phezulu le nkoleloze esigabeni sedrama ephezulu yomuntu, ekuphakameni kwe- Amahlaya aphezulu likaDante.
Iminyaka Yokufunda kaWilhelm Meister
Le noveli ethakazelisa kakhulu ingcwatshwe nguFausto. Kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi njengoba kubhalwe ngababhali abaningi emlandweni, bekuyobe kukhuphukele ezingeni lomsebenzi omkhulu kunayo yonke, kodwa endabeni kaGoethe, ihlala endaweni yesibili ... Futhi lokho, njengoba ngisho, lokhu inoveli inobukhulu obuningi.
Umbhali ohlakaniphile uhola umlingiswa ngomzekeliso wokufunda kuzo zonke izindawo, kusukela kokukhethekile kuya kokuqonde kakhulu ukuhlakanipha, amandla empi, ulwazi ngemvelo. UWihelm Meister omdala omuhle ukhuluma nabahlakaniphile kakhulu, ucabanga ngalokho akufundile.
Kepha umlingiswa futhi uyazi ukubonakaliswa kobuciko futhi ungena kwimvelo ukufuna ingqikithi yakho konke. Futhi ngaphandle kwalokho kubukeka kokufundisa kunokusondelana okuningi, kokuchaza umuntu othuthukela endleleni yakhe, wokuzijabulisa ngokuphila.
I-Misadventures ka-Young Werther
Ngesikhathi sikaGoethe ukubhala amanoveli othando kwakungokunye. Kuthathe isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuthi i-pinki inikeze ubuncane kanye nokuzwela okungathi sÃna (hey, wamukelekile ohlotsheni lwamanje).
Uthando njengengxabano ngesikhathi sikaGoethe kwakuyi-existentialism at its fine. Ukwakhiwa kwe-epistolary yale ncwadi kuvumela umuntu wokuqala ukuba asondele ezinkanukweni nasekuhluphekeni kothando.
Ubukhulu bokuziphatha komuntu othandweni nenhlekelele yokuwa njengendlela yokusondela ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu zenzondo, ukuziphindiselela noma ukuzibhubhisa.
Uthando lungaba insimu evundile ongabelana ngayo noma ugwadule oluyincithakalo lwemizwa ekwazi ukunqoba konke ukucabanga, konke kuzokwenza. UWerther noCarlota, kanye nomfowabo kaWerther, uGuillermo.
Phakathi kwalaba bobathathu kwakhiwe indaba yothando esimema ukuthi sibone ngaphesheya kwezinhlamvu, ukuzwa isibhakela somthumeli kokuhlangenwe nakho komfundi.
