Ukususwa kokudingiswa kukaSemprĂșn isikhathi eside, ngenxa yokusungulwa kombuso kaFranco, UJorge SemprĂșn wophawu olukhethekile lwenkululeko olwaluzojula nakakhulu lapho eboshwa eBuchenwald emuva ngo-1943, ngenxa yokuba yingxenye yeqembu laseFrance elalibhekene nebutho laseJalimane elihlaselayo. Okwenzeka ngalezo zinsuku kanye nokukhululwa kwakhe okwalandela ekupheleni kweMpi Yezwe Yesibili kwashiya uphawu oludlulele ngokwemvelo emsebenzini womlobi uSemprĂșn.
Ngokunengqondo, lapho esengaphandle kweSpain futhi umbuso kaFranco wawungamthandisisi kangako, uJorge SemprĂșn wabhala kakhulu, noma okungenani washicilelwa, ngesiFulentshi.
Izinkolelo zakhe zezombangazwe ezingangabazeki kanye nokucatshangelwa kwakhe okudumile kwamsondeza kakhulu kwezombangazwe zesikhungo, ekuqaleni engowe-PCE, kuze kube yisigaba sakamuva ngasekupheleni kwawo-80 lapho enguNgqongqoshe Wezamasiko ne-PSOE.
Angivamisile ukwenza izinkomba zezombangazwe, kodwa ngibheka ukuthi endabeni yepolitiki yaseSemprĂșn ingesinye sezisusa zakhe zemibhalo, ngokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe okusebenzayo kwezenhlalo, umbhali cishe njalo ulandisa ngomlingiswa we-autobiographical, ngomuzwa ongenakuphikwa wokuphila okungapheli. Umbhali okufanele afundwe ngale kwekhwalithi yakhe yokubhala engangabazeki.
Amanoveli aphezulu anconyiwe angu-3 nguJorge SemprĂșn
I-autobiography kaFederico SĂĄnchez
Okuyiqiniso mayelana nephuzu le-autobiographical yombhali lihlala kuleyo ngqungquthela ethakazelisayo yendaba eqanjiwe (woza, bekuyini inkumbulo yomuntu ngamunye, ekwaziyo ukukhulisa izikhathi zethu eziqhakazile nokusula noma ukuthambisa izikhathi ezimbi).
Akukho lutho olungcono lokubhala ngawe kunokuba uzenzele ekuziphatheni okwehlukile uSemprĂșn adlala ngakho ukuze akhe indaba esekelwe ekukhunjweni kwenkumbulo, njengokungathi uzivumela ukuba athathwe yilokho okufunwa yizinkumbulo ezihlasela izindaba zabo ezinkulu ezikhohliwe. kusukela esikhathini esedlule.
Kodwa-ke, kulowo msindo ongalindelekile wezikhathi zikaFederico SĂĄnchez, wobusha bakhe enhloko yomzabalazo, wokugijima kwakhe nesiphetho, sokunambitha kwakhe isizathu esivuna intando yeningi ezwakala kakhulu, naphezu kwakho konke Okucatshangwa ukuthi isiphithiphithi, intambo evamile ekugcineni ehlongozwa uSemprĂșn, yakha kahle umlingiswa kaFederico SĂĄnchez.
Uhambo olude
Uhambo olude kanye nenqubo yokubhala ende noma ngaphezulu. Ngicabanga ukuthi (futhi mhlawumbe kuningi okumele sikucabange) ukuthi ukulandisa ngezinsuku zokuthunjwa kwamaNazi uSemprĂșn aphila kuzo kungasho ukuthi ukuzivocavoca okuphelele kwe-sublimation nokuqina, kuyaqondakala ngoba kumbize kakhulu kanye nesingathekiso esicacile sesihloko njengengaphakathi. uhambo oluya ekukhululweni komphefumulo osabekayo waphila.
USemprĂșn wathatha iminyaka ecishe ibe ngama-XNUMX ukushicilela incwadi emayelana nokwenzeka ekamu lokuhlushwa laseBuchenwald. Noma, ngilungisa indlela yami yokucabanga, mhlawumbe uSemprĂșn wayesidinga ngempela sonke leso sikhathi ukuze ahlele amanothi akhe engqondo, adlulisele ngokungananazi konke lokho okwakufanele aphile. Kwazi bani? Kwesinye isikhathi izisusa zanoma yisiphi isenzo zichazwa njengesamba sezici.
Kumbhali, ukuthola izizathu zokusho okuthile akulula ngaso sonke isikhathi futhi, endabeni kaSemprĂșn, owayengaqoqa izizathu eziningi kunanoma ubani omunye, wachitha sonke leso sikhathi elinde ukukwenza. Indaba iqala kwesinye salezo zitimela indlela yensimbi eyaholela abagibeli baso ekuxhashazweni, ekuhlehlweni nasekufeni okungenzeka.
Lo muzwa usuholela ekuminyanisweni kuleyo nqola ehamba isikhathi eside kakhulu ezindaweni ezingabonakali ebumnyameni baleyo ndawo.
Okwenzeka ngokulandelayo kwaziwa enguqulweni eyinhloso, enanini elibandayo labashonile, olwazini olubi lwemikhuba ehlanekezelwe ..., nokho, eshiwo umlobi owayephila enyameni yakhe, ingqikithi yezindaba ithola enye ekhetheke kakhulu. isici .
Iminyaka engamashumi amabili nosuku olulodwa
Edolobheni elincane laseToledo, ngo-July 18, 1956, umkhaya wama-Avendaño ulungiselela umkhosi oyingqayizivele. Esimeni esibonakala sigqugquzelwe ngu Miguel Delibes placeholder image nabangcwele bakhe abangenacala, abalingiswa babamba iqhaza esikhumbuzweni sokufa okulila kwesihlobo ezandleni zabanye abalimi abanquma ukuthatha ubulungisa bakhe obubi.
Ukubonakala kwephoyisa eliyimfihlo likaFranco kuhlanganisa le noveli kanye ne-Autobiography kaFederico SĂĄnchez, okuthi, azi imvelo ye-alter ego yale Federico maqondana nombhali, uSemprĂșn uphinde anikeze imikhondo ecacile mayelana nokuvela okudlulele kokuhlangenwe nakho kwakhe kulokhu. indaba.
Le noveli, ngale kwalesi siqalo somkhosi oyinqaba, ithatha njengomlingiswa wayo ireferensi kuMercedes Pombo, umfelokazi kazibuthe womndeni wakwa-Avendaño. Iphoyisa le-Francoist, i-Hispanicist kanye nedolobha lonke lase-Quismondo bazulazula ngezinhloso zabo ezibheke eqinisweni elimangalisayo ekugcineni.
