Ingxenye yokuqala yekhulu lama-20 eYurophu irekhoda inqwaba yababhali abadlulele njengababhali bezwekazi abangene ebumnyameni bezimpi ezinkulu zomhlaba.
Ngisho i Thomas Mann, George Orwell, noma kakade eSpain I-Baroja, unamuno…ababhali bonke belunguza kwalasha wezingxabano ezimbili ezinkulu nezimpi zabo zangemva kwezimpi, isikhathi sabo sezimpi kanye nokungezwani okwanwetshwa ngesikhathi sesiyaluyalu okwathi ngale kwekusasa lenhlalo-politiki, kwabhala kabusha izigidi zabantu ethunzini.
URobert Musil, enenhloso ebalulekile efana nezangaphambili, njalo phakathi kokukhona okugcwele ukungabaza okujwayelekile kwezikhathi, kanye nokufuna umuntu osebumnyameni besintu, waqamba incwadi yezincwadi eyingqayizivele.
Akulona iqoqo elikhulu lemisebenzi eleqile ngokulambisa eshumini. Futhi mhlawumbe ngokuncane, u-Musil wagxila kulokho mbono oyinkimbinkimbi womhlaba kusukela ekubukeni kwefilosofi, waguqulwa waba inoveli enothile eguqula iziqephu zayo zibe umlando we-intrahistories onesisindo nokujula, nezincazelo zobuntu kusukela ekuvezweni kwabalingiswa bayo. lezo zindlela ezeqisayo ezisenza sizwe ukuphila njengesivivinyo sobuhlungu.
Kodwa ngale kwengemuva, izenzo zika-Musil nazo zihlala zimema ifindo elisikiselayo elilindele umphumela oyisimangaliso, njenganoma iyiphi inoveli ezihloniphayo ukuze kujabulele abafundi abamagange ukuhlala ezindaweni eziqine kangaka.
Amanoveli aphezulu anconyiwe angu-3 nguRobert Musil
Indoda engenazo izici
Umsebenzi onaleyo vitola ehlala ebunyeni yokungaqediwe ohambisana nombhali omkhulu ngaphambi kokushiya isigameko ngokuqinisekile. Inoveli efuna, futhi naphezu kwesiphetho sayo esifiphele, ifinyelela lokho kudlula kwe-magnum opus, ukusuka kumthamo kuya ekusetshenzisweni Ukuziqhenya kokuthi "Ukufuna Isikhathi Esilahlekile."
Kusukela ekuqaleni, ukuzinikela, okudlula iminyaka eyishumi, ukuvala umsebenzi ngokungangabazeki kubonisa lokho okuzokwenza ukuhambisa ukuphumula okuhle kokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngaphandle kokunikeza umbono wokuqala. Into ehlala inothisa uma ubuyela kubalingiswa nama-nuances abo. U-Ulrich uyindoda ebizwa ngokuthi ngaphandle kwezimfanelo, umfana obandayo futhi ozinikele emhlabeni wakhe wezinombolo nezinhlanganisela njengesazi sezibalo esihle. Umbono wakhe wepharadigmatic womhlaba uyamphunyuka ekukhangweni okungewona wezibalo akuzwayo ngoLeona noBonadea.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuma-antipodes aleli zwe eliyinqaba phakathi kwezinombolo, ukutuswa kanye nothando olwenziwe yi-algorithm, i-Arnheim isivele igcwele izimfanelo zomuntu omuhle, azi konke, i-connoisseur par excellence yezwe lanamuhla kuzo zonke izilinganiso zayo. Ngemuva, i-Europe yangaphambi kwempi endaweni ebilayo ye-1914, endaweni emaphakathi izono, okuyize, izifiso ezidlulele kanye nezifiso ezibucayi zamadoda anezimfanelo noma ezingenazo.
Mayelana nobulima
I-eseyi emayelana nobulima akufanele ibe ngaphezu kwamakhasi ayi-100. Ngaphandle-ke uma umuntu ofana noMusil esenza sifune ukubona ukuthi ubulima bufana nophethiloli esiwunikezayo.
Ngenxa yokuthi ubulima abafundi bakaProfessor Erdmann abahleka ngabo lapho exwayisa ngokuthi lokhu, ubuwula, kwakuyoba umqoka wesethulo sakhe ekilasini, akuyona into engaphezu kwe-somatization yenyoka yokwesaba ephuma ekubandlululweni kwethu okukwazi ukuphazamisa amaqiniso. , ukungazi kwethu okukwazi ukuziqinisa kuze kube seqophelweni lokuphika inkulumo yomunye ngenxa yokulimala okumsulwa kokuzazisa.
Ukuhlakanipha kungase kufane nokungabi yisiphukuphuku kangangokuba sithule, sibhekisise ngaphambi kokuba sikhulume, sikhulule izingqondo zethu ngaphambi kokuba ukuthambekela kwethu kwejuba kuqede noma yikuphi okungenzeka kokuhlanganisa nokufunda. Yingakho u-Erdmann kwadingeka akhulume ngobuwula. Ngakho-ke uMusil wahlenga wonke lowomcabango encwadini encane esingakhumbula ukuthi sihlala sizama ukubalekela ubulima bethu.
Izinsizi Zomfundi Torless
Iqiniso lokusondela endaweni yentsha kanye nendawo yezempi ukwenza izinto zibe zimbi kakhulu, linikeza le noveli ukusondelana okukhulu kunoma yimuphi umfundi ozimisele ukungena emhlabeni we-Musil.
UTörless uyisosha elisencane elibhekene nokungqubuzana okujulile. Ngoba okuthile kuye okulwela ukuvusa lokho kuqhosha okusobala ngesifuba esivuvukele kuyilapho uhlangothi oluyingane ngokwengeziwe lunokungabaza kwalo. Ngaphandle kokuthi umntwana, osemusha ogqoke umfaniswano wempi, ngokushesha usefunda ukwenza izinto ezingenamsebenzi ngokuphila nokufa, izinto kuyena namanje ezingelutho kusukela kude kangangokuthi uyazibona.
Kepha yena, u-Törless, uphikisana kakhulu namasosha futhi ukukhathazeka kwakhe kumenza ahlubuke ngezinye izikhathi ngokumelene nokwesaba okubekiwe. Ngoba ubuhlakani bakhe buphahlazeke umkhumbi ezikhaleni zaleyo nhlangano yezempi kanye nalowo mkhankaso wokushisekela izwe ngokumelene nezitha ngezinye izikhathi ezixakayo kubafana abancane njengaye. Ngezinye izikhathi u-Törles uyaqonda ukuthi sekwephuze kakhulu, ukuthi akekho noyedwa wabafana osesimweni sokubalekela ukuhlukaniswa. Futhi ukuqalisa ukubaleka uwedwa akuyona into elula. Ngakho-ke ukugwema kungaba ngaphakathi kuphela, esikhaleni ongakwazi ukusivikela ukuze kungabikho muntu osithatha ngenkani kusukela ekuqapheleni kwakho.
