Abanye babacabangi abakhulu emlandweni wethu banikeza amazwibela emibhalo yomsebenzi wabo. Ngaphandle komlingiswa ofundisayo othanda isazi sefilosofi Nietzsche, isazi sezokuhlalisana kwabantu I-Marx noma usosayensi othanda Freud, ukufunda umsebenzi wakhe kugcina sekuba yincwadi yomcabango, e-adventure ekhazimulayo yokuziphendukela kwethu njengempucuko kunoma iyiphi inkambu efanelekile.
Isisekelo sokuthi le ncazelo yemibhalo yenzeke futhi idlule ulwazi oluncane luqala eqinisweni lokuthi umlingiswa okukhulunywa ngaye unikela lelo phuzu lokweqa umthetho, lokwephuka, kwe-avant-garde. Imibono kaNietzsche, izindlela zikaMarx noma ukweqa kwekhwalithi Freud kwisayikholoji bagcina ngokubeka izisekelo okuxoxwa kakhulu ngabacabangayo abacebile okwamanje. Futhi lokho, ngaphandle kokungabaza, Umlando wenza izincwadi ezinamaqhawe angempela empucuko yethu ebhekene nezinhlekelele ezisabelayo zenqubekela phambili.
Kungakho ngiletha ngezikhathi ezithile kulaba babhali bebhulogi abavela lapha nalaphaya okusobala ukuthi ababona abezincwadi zemfundo, kepha ekugcineni okudingeka ukuthi bafunde ngezikhathi ezithile ukuthola umbono ohambisanayo odingekayo ukuze baqonde ukuthi besiyini futhi noma singaya kuphi ...
Endabeni kaFreud, namuhla sonke sikhuluma nge-psychoanalysis, mayelana nobulili njengedrayivu exhunywe ngesizathu futhi ekwazi ukuholela kuma-philias noma ama-phobias ahluke kakhulu uma uxhumano lungenziwa ngendlela efanele. Enqatshelwe ezinsukwini zakhe ngokukhuluma ngobulili bezingane noma ngokubeka ucansi ngaphambi kwenani lezisusa zabantu, wayenobuhlakani obusha kwezokwelapha ngokwenza ngokwemvelo ukugeleza komcabango maqondana nokungazi lutho komuntu ngamunye ukuze azame ukuthola indawo ye-placebo yesimo sengqondo esivela endaweni. impande kakhulu exhumana nezimfihlo zethu ezingcwatshiwe.
Nakuba umcabango omangalisayo kaFreud ngezinye izikhathi wawumholela emibonweni eyayingasekelwe ngokuphelele ngaso sonke isikhathi, njengoba kubhekwa obala namuhla, isibalo sakhe sasidingeka kakhulu ukuze, ngokunembile, sivule umcabango kumathuba amasha ahambisana nokuhlola.
Ukufunda uFreud ukuthola ukuthi unguyise wemithi yokwelapha maqondana nesayikholoji noma umuthi wezifo zengqondo, ngoba konke ekugcineni akwazi ukukufaka kodokotela bengqondo kwakususelwa ekwelashweni okujwayelekile kakhulu komuntu, ngaphandle kwezinambuzane ezicindezelayo ezifana nezinye izikhathi kulezo lapho ubuhlanya babuphathwa khona ngokuthanjiswa, ama-lobotomies noma izindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza ngogesi ezingekho kude nezinsuku zethu ...
Izincwadi Ezinconyelwe ezi-3 eziphezulu nguSigmund Freud
Ukuhunyushwa kwamaphupho
Into embi ngomphumela omkhulu njengaleyo eyaba yinto kaFreud, ukuthi kuwo sicabanga ukuthi amaphupho ethu ngalinye angalinganiselwa ngokwezimpawu zawo.
Futhi impela iphupho lingaphansi kwezinkomba zamasiko, izimo zomuntu siqu nokuhlukahluka okuningi. Kodwa-ke, iqiniso lokuthi sonke sifinyelela encazelweni engacacile yamaphupho liqala kumfana onjengoFreud obecabanga ukuthi lolu limi olungenakwenzeka lwamaphupho kufanele lufihle imininingwane eminingi.
Futhi ngukuthi ngaphezu kwalokho, kusukela ekuchazweni kwamaphupho sifika ekwakheni umbono we-psychoanalysis kanye nendlela yayo. Ukufinyelela kulokhu kungazi kahle kwamaphupho, okuholwa ngumhlaziyi, kungagcina kuhlanza izinkinga ezizalwe yizifiso ezifihliwe, ezimakwe njengezingalungile yicala noma ukwesaba.
Kumele wazi nje ukuthi ungasusa kanjani ukuphina kumuntu ngamunye, umsebenzi okwenziwa kuwo kule ncwadi umsebenzi omkhulu womcabangi omkhulu we-psyche.
Itotem netaboo
Kuyinto eyodwa uDarwin ayiveza mayelana nokuthi sifike kanjani lapha nge-anthropology yesayensi. (Umbhali engizomkhulisa ngokungangabazeki kokunye okuthunyelwe) futhi okuhluke kakhulu kuyisisekelo, isizinda somuntu ekuqoqeni, okugxile kulokho kuhlanganiswa kokwazi, kokuzithoba ekukhuleni kwezikhungo zokuziphatha kanye nezincazelo zalo iphutha ekuphambukeni kwesimo esisetshenzisiwe.
Lokhu kungahambisani nakho kuyingxenye ye-anthropology yesayensi exhunywe ku-psychoanalysis yokuziphendukela kwemvelo. Ngakho-ke imibono yamatotem ezenkolo noma yanoma isiphi esinye isici iyazalwa, ama-totems akhonzwa ngonembeza ofanayo kanye nemibhalo engatholwa kubo futhi efakwe ngaphakathi ekuhlanganisweni okudingekayo, nezinhlaka zabo ezingokwengqondo ezaziswa kakhulu kunoma yimuphi umuntu.
Umsuka we-psychoanalysis
Enye into umsebenzi wokugcina lapho uFreud afaka khona izinsizakusebenza zakhe zokucabanga ngokuhlangana nezilingo kanye nethiyori futhi enye into ukuthi uFreud wafika kanjani lapho.
Le ncwadi ingukuhlanganiswa okuthakazelisayo kwenqubo, okuboniswa ezincwadini ezihanjiswe ukukhathazeka okukhulu kobuhlakani kanye nesazi esizizwa siseduze nezimpendulo zemibuzo emikhulu yesayensi yezengqondo eguqukayo njalo.
Umamukeli wezinhlamvu ezikule ncwadi akekho omunye ngaphandle kukaWilhelm Fliess, i-theorist ye-bisexuality njengesici esingokwemvelo somuntu.
Lokho okuvezwa ngumsebenzi kaFreud ekugcineni kunxeshezelwa yile ncwadi lapho umlobi eveza khona ukungabaza kwakhe mayelana nokwenzeka kwesikole se-psychoanalytic ngenxa yokwakheka komzimba. Kodwa-ke, ubufakazi bokuqina kwakhe kule ndaba kugcina kusekela konke okuzayo kamuva ...
Amazwana ama-3 kokuthi "Izincwadi ezi-3 ezihamba phambili ngoyedwa uSigmund Freud"