Isisho sisho kanje: "Kuyinto evamile ukuba yikhomanisi ngenkathi usemncane ukuba nenhliziyo kanye nomuntu olandela imithetho lapho usumdala ukuze ube nobuchopho." Lo mbono, esimweni Tweet moa, ikhomba ukubaluleka okukhulu. Ngoba lo mbhali wezincwadi zomlando, izindatshana kanye nenoveli eyinqaba izungezise i-180º ehambisana nokuguqulwa kwemibono okuphelele kakhulu.
Que la Umlando uhlala unomuntu obona inhloso yawo Ukubukisa ngandlela thize akunakuphikwa uma kucatshangelwa imibhalo ethile noma enye. Uphenyo olugcina lubhekane nabo ngokunembile ukuze kukhiqizwe ithisisi kanye ne-antithesis (Ukungqubuzana kuka-Pío Moa no-Hispanicist UPaul preston, phakathi kokunye, kuyaphawuleka).
Iphuzu liwukuthi u-Pío Moa udlulisa umbono wakhe wokuzicabangela mayelana namaqiniso njalo uvulekele ukuhunyushwa, njengoba nje Umlando ulandiswa ngentando yomuntu futhi ukucatshangelwa kwawo kuhloswe ngaso sonke isikhathi ukumaka amaqiniso ohlangothini olulodwa noma kolunye. Kwabanye kanye nabanye, olahlekelwayo ekugcineni yiqiniso. Kodwa yilokhu esikushiyile, ukwazi kanjani, ukudonsa ihaba elikhulu kunawo wonke, ukuthi isihogo somhlaba senziwa kanjani. Iqiniso akulona okwethu, konke okunye kushisa izinzipho lapho siphuma kugcwele amabhamuza.
Izincwadi eziphezulu ezi-3 ezinconywe ngu-Pío Moa
Kwezwakala ukumemeza nokungqongqoza emnyango
Okumangazayo yebo, inoveli kwasekuqaleni. Kodwa yikho ukuthi ekugcineni imibhalo iyelapha uma isondela ingenameva yezikhundla nemisele. Insizwa eyedwa njengo-Pío Moa ibhale le noveli eyinqaba efanele ukuhlengwa.
Ukuthi ekugcineni sigcine sesifinyelela emlandweni kanye nohlaka olungase lucheme, futhi. Kodwa okungenani sesivele siqala ngenhloso eqanjiwe, kusukela kuleyo nganekwane lapho mhlawumbe uhlobo oluthile lwesivumelwano okungafinyelelwa kulo ngesinye isikhathi.
I-Barcelona, 1936. Ekudlikizeleni kwangaleso sikhathi, umlingiswa oyinhloko wale noveli uzibonela ngawakhe ukufa kabuhlungu kukayise, futhi isiphetho sakhe sizophawulwa. Uzophila ngokujulile okuhlangenwe nakho kwezimpi ezintathu, uthando, “ubukhazikhazi nokwesabeka” kwangaleso sikhathi, kuze kube yilapho ethola iqiniso elifihlwe emehlweni ombulali kayise, elembula iqiniso ngaye: “Uhlobo oluthile lwesambulo lwaphusha. kusuka ekujuleni kwami ngamandla engangingawachaza njengokwesaba okungcwele. Amazinyo ami aqhuma, inhliziyo yami igijima. Ngawa kancane ngamadolo ami ??».
Abalingisi bayadlala futhi bayangqubuzana, behudulwa isiphithiphithi seminyaka yensimbi, enzima futhi ejabulisayo. Izehlakalo eziningi ezisebenza njengohlaka lwesenzo bezingokoqobo. Ngakho-ke, ukubulawa okucishe kufane nesehlakalo sokuqala, itulo lamaCatalan lokuqeda umongameli weGeneralitat, Lluis Companys, isihogo sasePosad, ubuqili bezinhloli eNxusa laseMadrid, imibuthano yekhofi yaseGijón, uhlelo lokundiza amandla. izitshalo eGalicia noma ukuqamekela okufanayo, okuhlelwe yinkonzo yolwazi ye-Falange, emaqenjini ahlukene e-maquis.
Izinja ezine eziluhlaza
Siyaqhubeka endaweni yezinganekwane. Sisuka eBarcelona siye eMadrid, kusukela ekuqaleni kweMpi Yombango siye eminyakeni ephambili yombuso wobushiqela. Nakulokhu, ubusha buyindlela engcono kakhulu okugxilwe ngayo ekuboneni ngentshiseko izikhathi ezinesiyaluyalu ezikhomba izinguquko ukusuka kwezokuhlalisana kwabantu kuye kumkhakha osondelene kakhulu womlingiswa ngamunye.
IMadrid, ngolunye usuku ngo-November 1967. Bedla isidlo sasekuseni endaweni ephithizelayo, abafundi abane bahlanganyela engxoxweni engathi sína nebhuqayo ngenjongo yokuphila. Uweta, Ukubhuqa, ubabiza ngokuthi "izinja eziluhlaza." Ingxoxo izophawula uhambo lwalaba abane ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuyothi komunye bayoletha isipiliyoni sabo sokuqala sothando; omunye inkumbulo ephazamisayo yobugebengu obungcolile obungaxazululiwe athi umngane wakudala; okwesithathu ukuthatheka kothando okwaphetha eminyakeni edlule ngokufa kwesithandwa sakhe; futhi okwesine uhambo oluyinkimbinkimbi oluhlobene nobuphekula.
Phakathi nendawo, isigameko esenzeka enkantini yasenyuvesi sixhumene nesiqephu esiphuma kwenye inoveli yombhali, ememeza futhi engqongqoza emnyango. Indaba yenzeka phakathi kokungahlaliseki kwezepolitiki komfundi wangaleso sikhathi kanye nezinxushunxushu ezibalulekile zedolobha, ngaphansi kwelanga elithola isici esingaziwa somlingisi oyinhloko.
Izinganekwane zeMpi Yombango
Sesivele sikufulawa mayelana nengxabano yombhali osuke engundabuzekwayo. Kule ncwadi, u-Pío Moa uzinikela "esisusa sakhe" esihle sokucacisa amaqiniso ukuze awethule naleyo patina eqinile. Nakuba ekugcineni ukwakheka kungaphakanyiswa uma ukunwaya kancane ukuthola ukuthi kuhlale kufana ngakolunye uhlangothi noma kolunye lwamaqiniso aphelelwe yisikhathi: ukuhumusha. Ukuphelela kufanele kunconywe kodwa akunikezi isizathu esiphelele.
Le ncwadi ikhuluma ngezinganekwane zeMpi Yombango, isisondeza eqinisweni layo elingokomlando ngokuhlolwa okunengqondo kwedatha kanye nokugxeka okuqinile.
Impi yaseSpain, ngokwamazwi esazi-mlando saseBrithani uPaul Johnson, “yayiyisenzakalo sekhulu lama-XNUMX okuye kwabhalwa ngalo amanga amaningi kakhulu.” Imizwa eminyene ephikelelayo kuleso senzakalo esibalulekile esikhathini esidlule ngokuvamile ifihla amaqiniso, isivimbele ekuwaboneni nasekuwahloleni ngokucacile.
Le ncwadi idingida lezi zinganekwane ngokulandelana kwazo, isisondeza eqinisweni lazo elingokomlando ngokuhlolwa okunengqondo kwedatha kanye nokugxeka okuqinile kwezinguqulo ezivame ukuthandwa kakhulu, kodwa ezinobuqiniso obungabazekayo. Ngokudlula, icacisa indima yabaholi bezombangazwe, kusukela e-Azaña kuya kuFranco, endleleni eyaholela eSpain kule nhlekelele.
