Ngisho nangomqondo wokubhala, kungenzeka ukuthi sithambekele ekubhekaneni ne-ethnocentrism evusa usinga, sijeziswe ngisho nangaphezulu kuleli cala ngendaba ethile yamasiko. Siyathandwa ukuthola ukunambitheka okungajwayelekile kwinoveli ngu UMurakami ngoba iJapane, ngisho nokuba yizwe elikude, iyizwe lokuqala lomhlaba, okungukuthi, elingelethu «iqembu lohlanga» labantu abahlala enhlanhleni ...
Ngomqondo ophambene nokuvikela isikhundla sokuthi izincwadi azikwazi ukuqonda izimo zomphakathi noma uhlaka, kufanele futhi kuphawulwe ukuthi Ichibi lezincwadi laseNdiya alilona elandayo kakhulu emhlabeni yize imele owesikhombisa wabantu emhlabeni. Mhlawumbe kusukela Rudyard Kipling okunye okunye esikwaziyo ngokusobala ngamaNdiya. Ngoba ababhali bemvelaphi yamaNdiya bathanda URushdie kanti abanye abambalwa sebevele bazenza aziwa njengababonga baseBrithani ngobudlelwano obenziwe ngobuhlakani ne Commonwealth.
Ngakho-ke ukuphazanyiswa kombalisi osobala waseNdiya ngesimo nangezinto njenge I-Pankaj Mishra Kuvela ukuthi kube ukutholakala okuthokozisayo kanye, ekushintsheni kwakho okufishane kube inganekwane, uzivumela ukuthi uthathwe yilokho okwenzeka ngempilo osebeni lweGanges noma phakathi kwezintaba zaseMashobra ezisezintabeni zeHimalaya.
Ngoba okwamanje lokhu okwenziwa nguMishra kunikeza iNtshonalanga inyakazisa-futhi-unganyakazi. Izincwadi ze-eseyi ezisichaya ezincazelweni eziyinkulungwane zomuntu ovela kuleyo Asia osevukile ukushwabadela yonke into. Okubalulekile, okungokomoya kodwa manje ikakhulukazi ezombusazwe kanye nezenhlalo. I-Mishra inezici ezihlukahlukene okuhlala kujabulisa ukuzithola...
Izincwadi Ezinconyelwe ezi-3 eziphezulu nguPankaj Mishra
Abashisekeli beBland
Umhlaba esiphila kuwo namuhla yiwo owakhiwe, ikakhulukazi, yimibono yenkululeko kanye nongxiwankulu base-Anglo-Saxon. Ngokuwa kwemibuso yamakhomanisi ngo-1989, ukunqoba komqondo wama-Anglo-Saxon womhlaba kwabonakala kumnqobile umphikisi wakhe wokugcina. Kusukela lapho, kuye kwaba nezifundiswa eziningi zaseBrithani naseNyakatho Melika, ososayensi bezepolitiki, osomnotho kanye nezazi-mlando, ezivela ezinhlanganweni zabo zomhlaba wonke emaphephandabeni, komagazini, emanyuvesi, ezikoleni zamabhizinisi nakumathangi, abakha imibono ezosekela lo mqondo ngomsebenzi kokunye okungenzeka.
UPankaj Mishra uhlaziya ngokujulile le nqubo, esevele iqalile ngesikhathi soMbuso WaseBrithani kanye nokufakwa kwawo emazweni ayekoloni. Njengoba esho esingenisweni, “Umlando womhlaba wonke wemibono yenkululeko kanye nentando yeningi emva kuka-1945 awukabhalwa, futhi nomphakathi ophelele wezazi ezingamaNgisi namaMelika awukabhalwa.
Futhi lokho ngaphandle kweqiniso lokuthi umhlaba abawenzile nongawenzanga ungena esigabeni sayo esiyingozi kakhulu. […] “Kepha sekucacile isikhathi eside ukuthi ukuzibophezela komhlaba wonke ezimakethe ezingalawulwa kanye nokungenelela kwamasosha egameni labo kube ukuhlolwa okulangazelele kakhulu kwemibono yesikhathi sanamuhla. […] UHomo economus, isihloko esizimele, esinengqondo nesiphethe amalungelo sefilosofi yenkululeko saqala ukuhlukumeza yonke imiphakathi ngezinhlelo zakhe ezinhle zokukhulisa ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke.
Ingxoxo yesimanjemanje esungulwe eLondon, eNew York naseWashington DC iqhubeke yachaza umqondo ovamile wokuphila komqondo womphakathi kuwo wonke amazwekazi, yashintsha kakhulu indlela ingxenye enkulu yabantu emhlabeni eqonda ngayo umphakathi, umnotho, isizwe, isikhathi nobunikazi bomuntu ngamunye kanye nokuhlangana. "
Iminyaka yentukuthelo
Singawuchaza kanjani umsuka wegagasi elikhulu lenzondo elibonakala lingenakugwenywa emhlabeni wethu - kusuka kwabashushumbisi baseMelika kanye neDAESH kuya kuDonald Trump, kusukela ekukhuleni kobuzwe obuziphindiselayo emhlabeni wonke kuya kubandlululo nokucwaswa kwabesifazane ezinkundleni zokuxhumana?
Kule ncwadi uPankaj Mishra uphendula ngokudideka kwethu ngokubheka emuva ngekhulu le-XNUMX ngaphambi kokusiletha esikhathini samanje. Kukhombisa ukuthi njengoba umhlaba uthuthukela esimeni sesimanje, labo abahlulekile ukujabulela inkululeko, ukuzinza, nokuchuma ebathembisa kona baba yizisulu ezandayo zokwehliswa amandla.
Iningi lalabo abafike sekwedlule isikhathi kulo mhlaba omusha (noma babekelwa eceleni) baphendula ngezindlela ezifanayo: benenzondo enkulu ngalabo ababezoba yizitha, imizamo yokwakha kabusha inkathi yegolide elahlekile, nokuzimisela ngodlame olunonya nolunodlame. Izishoshovu zekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye zakhula kulezo zigaba zezinsizwa ezazingathukuthele - ezazinolaka ezaba ngamasiko ezweni laseJalimane, abaguqukeli bobuMesiya eRussia, abakwa-bellicose chauvinists e-Italy, kanye nama-anarchist abenza ubushokobezi emhlabeni wonke.
Nanamuhla, njengaleso sikhathi, ukwamukelwa okwandile kwezombusazwe nobuchwepheshe kanye nokufuna ingcebo nokuzimela kushiye izigidigidi zabantu zingenalutho ezweni elidangele, lisusisiwe emasikweni, kepha lisekude kakhulu. Lesimanje, nemiphumela emibi efanayo . Ngenkathi izimpendulo ekuphazamisekeni komhlaba ziphuthuma, kubalulekile ukwenza ukuxilongwa okufanele kuqala. Futhi akekho ofana noPankaj Mishra ukukwenza.
Kusuka emanxiweni emibuso
Engxenyeni yesibili yekhulu le-XNUMX, imibuso yaseNtshonalanga yayibusa umhlaba ngokuthanda kwawo, kuyilapho amasiko ehlukene ase-Asia abhekana nokuzithoba kwawo kumlungu njengenhlekelele. Kuningi ukululazeka okwakwenziwa ngabaseNtshonalanga, nezinhliziyo nezingqondo ezingenakubalwa ezazibekezelele ngokucasuka igunya labaseYurophu emazweni abo.
Namuhla, eminyakeni eyikhulu namashumi amahlanu kamuva, imiphakathi yase-Asia ibonakala inamandla amakhulu futhi izethembile. Akukona lokho okwashiwo yilabo ababebalahla ngokuthi "bayagula" futhi "bayafa" phakathi nekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye leminyaka.
Kwenzeka kanjani lokhu kuguqulwa isikhathi eside kwe-Asia yanamuhla? Obani ababengabacabangi nabalingisi bayo abakhulu? Wawucabanga kanjani ngomhlaba esiphila kuwo nokuthi izizukulwane ezizayo zizohlala kuwo? Le ncwadi ihlose ukuphendula le mibuzo futhi inikeze umbono obanzi wokuthi abanye babantu abahlakaniphe kakhulu nabazwela kakhulu eMpumalanga basabela kanjani ekuhlukunyezweni (ngokomzimba, ngokwengqondo nangokomnotho) baseNtshonalanga emiphakathini yabo. Futhi ngaziphi izindlela imibono yabo kanye nemizwa yabo isabalale futhi yavela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukwenza i-Asia esiyaziyo namuhla kanye nabaphikisi bayo, kusuka kuqembu lamaKhomanisi lamaShayina, ubuzwe baseNdiya, noma i-Muslim Brotherhood ne-Al Qaeda kuya ekushintsheni kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nomnotho waseTurkey, Korea noma eJapane.
