Izincwadi ezi-3 ezihamba phambili zikaHegel ohlakaniphile

Sondela emsebenzini we UGeorg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel kucabanga intando eqinile yokwazi ukuvela komlando wempucuko yethu. Isigodi ifundwe kabusha ngokusho kocezu lukaHegel njenge ithuluzi lomuntu kuphela ukwenza inkhulumomphendvulwano, ukuxoxisana, ukufunda, ukuhlola, intuthuko, ukuziphendukela kwemvelo komuntu uqobo, a indlela yokwenza ngcono okunengqondo njalo mayelana nobuthakathaka besizathu somuntu esilinganiselwe okufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sisekelwe yimpikiswano.

Akukhona ukuthi uHegel ugxeka umqondo wegama ogama lakhe lesi-Greek etymology selivele likhomba kuleso sikhathi sasendulo njengesisekelo senkulumo mpikiswano noma iphalamende phakathi kwabalinganayo ukufuna leyo ngxakanxaka yonke eyinhlanganisela.

Kepha kuyiqiniso ukuthi nguyena owabeka izisekelo zefilosofi ebusayo eyathukwa ngongqondongqondo abakhulu bakamuva abanjengo Nietzsche, kodwa ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthuthukiswe abanye abafana I-Marx noma ama-Engels, abadlulisele okucatshangwayo okuyiphupho ezindleleni zabo zokuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo ezingokomlando. Ukuthanda izinto ezibonakalayo okwagcina kugudluze umhlaba nokuthi, kucatshangwa ukuthi, kupholishiwe ukuze kufinyelelwe emazingeni aphezulu obulungiswa bezenhlalo.

Futhi kwaba yilowo mbono we-pragmatic, oguquguqukayo, ngomqondo wokuthi ngokokuqala ngqa umuntu ongqondongqondo omkhulu wenza imisebenzi yalo lonke uguquko olungokomlando kusukela kusisekelo esilinganayo ukuze anqobe ukuphikisana kwabantu kanye nezihibe zomlando, okwamenza waba inkomba ehlonishwa kakhulu. izazi zefilosofi zesikhathi esizayo.

Ngoba ulimi lwesigodi aluzange luphele ngokuphelele kuye. Akukhona ukuthi uHegel wabeka izindlela zokunqoba noma iyiphi impikiswano ngaphandle kokuqhubeka nokubandakanyeka. UHegel wasebenzisa i-dialectics ukuyinwebisa kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe, uhla lwezincwadi ezichaza umlando womcabango wefilosofi, isizathu esihlanganiswe nokuba khona kukaNkulunkulu ekuhlanganiseni nasekukhanyiseni ubuhedeni bayo yonke into yomuntu.

Yebo, u-Hegel uphinde wasondela enkolweni nokholo ngalobo buciko be-dialectic eyenziwe amaieutics futhi lokho kwamsebenzela ngezincwadi zakhe zezepolitiki zosuku lwakhe kanye nokuqagela kwabo kubo bonke ohulumeni babantu, kanye nemibono yesayensi noma ukuqonda kwezobuciko, lokho okubonakaliswa komuntu kubo bonke abantu.

Ukuba ngumbhali ominyene ozamile ukubhekana nakho konke, eziningi zezincwadi zakhe zingaba umsebenzi omuhle wokufunda ngobusuku obuthile obungenzi lutho. Ake siye lapho ne- my izincomo ku-Hegel.

Izincwadi Ezinconyelwe ezi-3 eziphezulu zikaHegel

I-Phenomenology yomoya

Isizathu, izikhathi eziphilwa ngumuntu nomoya njengokwakheka okufafazwe ngokujwayelekile okuvela ekwazisweni okutholwayo kanye nemvelo yokuphambanisa ehlanganisa umuntu.

Umsebenzi womcabango oyisisekelo wokuthola umqondo omuhle weyunithi yokulandelana kwezikhathi ochazwe ngempumelelo enkulu noma encane (ukuba umcabango ohlukile akudingeki ukuthi unikeze iqiniso eliphelele) kodwa uhlale uthembekile ekuhlanganiseni okukhazimulayo. Ngesikhathi sikaHegel umhlaba wawungaphezu kwakho konke ukunqoba okungapheli kweNtshonalanga.

Ubufakazi bukaHegel obuvezwe kulo msebenzi bakhiwe imibono eminingi mayelana nobuciko noma isayensi, enephuzu elingaguquki maqondana nalokho kusesha kokuphelela okungeke kwenzeke ngesizathu kodwa njalo bukhona njengomkhathizwe ohambisa yonke into kulowo moya wokuhlanganisa futhi uhlanganiswe nezimo kanye neqiniso njengoba ubunye bengqikithi yomuntu kanye nokuba khona komuntu.

Isayensi yomqondo

Omunye wemisebenzi yakhe ejulile lapho afaka khona emcabangweni wakho konke ukucabanga okulandelayo amandla we-dialectics ngaphezulu komqondo okwazi ukubhekana nakho konke, ngaphandle kwamaphuzu amnyama noma ukuzibekela imingcele.

I-Dialectics njengesisekelo sesayensi yomcabango esuselwa kumqondo wokuqhathanisa. Umqondo omusha uHegel afuna ukumiselela ngawo owendabuko, uvela enkingeni evela ku-Kantian gnoseology, obumbono wayo, wokucabanga nobuntu, obuvale indlela yethu yokwazi ukuba kuyo uqobo (noumenon).

UHegel uyabulahla lobu bumbili kanye nomcabango ongaziwa; ukucabanga ukuthi noma i-noume akulona iqiniso. Noma kunjalo, kufanele sazi; Lokhu akutholakali ngokwamukela ngamandla ukucaciswa komcabango, okuhlinzekwa ngumqondo wendabuko, kepha ngokuwakha nangokuwaxhumanisa ngokunyakaza komqondo ngokwawo.

Njengoba nje i-Phenomenology ikhombisile ukuthi uhlobo ngalunye lokwazi, lapho lutholwa, luyenqaba ukuphinda luvele lucebe ngokunganaki, ngendlela efanayo i-Logic kumele ikhombise ukunyakaza okufanayo kokukhuluma ohlelweni, kwezigaba zomcabango omsulwa, ayenziwanga ngokudonswa kohlaziyo, okukhipha izixhumanisi ezilandelanayo kusuka kokuphikisayo, kepha kunqubo yenqubo yokudala, ebangelwe yinto engagculisi etholakala kusixhumanisi ngasinye. Ifilosofi ayenzi lutho ngaphandle kokulandela umcabango yile dialectic.

I-Encyclopedia yesayensi yefilosofi

I-vade mecum yawo wonke umcabango wesimanje owamukela i-dialectics njengendlela yesayensi yokucacisa yonke into kusuka ekucabangeni, ecabangela ukulinganiselwa kwaleso sizathu futhi athole amandla ayo ngokuhlanganisa kanye nokucabanga okujulile kokwazi kanye neqiniso.

Umsebenzi owenza, ngokunembile, lokho synthesis okwaziswa kakhulu nguHegel futhi ocabanga umsebenzi onzima kuye oqhubekayo.

Ukuphakamisa i-thesis, ukuthola ukuphikisana kwayo nokukhipha ukuhlanganiswa, konke komuntu oyedwa, kudinga isikhathi sokuphumula kumqondo ngamunye ukuze kugcine kutholakale ama-nuances avivinywayo akwazi ukuqala indlela ebonakalayo yesayensi yomcabango.