ื“ื™ 3 ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ Mircea Cartarescu

ื“ื™ ืžืขื˜ืึทืžืึธืจืคืึธืกื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื–ืข ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ืกื•ื‘ืœื™ืžืึทื˜ื™ืึธืŸ. ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ืคึผืฉืึทื ื–, ืจื™ื˜ื, ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ื™ืคึผ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทืคึผืข ..., ืคืึธืจืขื ืื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื ืฉืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ื˜ืึทื ืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ื™ ืคืœื™ื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืขืจ.

Cartarescu ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ื™ืกื™ืงืœื™ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืขื˜, ืึท ืจื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืฉืจื™ื™ึทื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืกื™ืึธืจืึทืŸ, ืืคืฉ ืจ ื ื™ืฉ ื˜ ืื–ื• ื™ ืื™ ืŸ ื–ืฒืข ืจ ื“ื™ืจืขืงื˜ืข ืจ ื˜ืจืื’ื™ืฉืข ืจ ื–ืขืื•ื ื’ , ื ื ืจ ื™ื , ืื• ืŸ ื ื ืš ื’ืœื™ืงืœืขืš , ืื™ ืŸ ื–ืฒ ืŸ ื‘ืื”ืื ื“ืœื•ื  ื’ ืคื• ืŸ ื“ืข ื ืžืขื˜ืึพืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉ ืŸ ืžื™ ื˜ ื ืŸ ืื ื˜ืจืืคืืœืื’ื™ืฉืข ืจ ืฐื™ืœืŸ . ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ืฉืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืžื™ืœืึทืŸ ืงื•ื ื“ืขืจืึท y ืžื•ืจืึทืงืึทืžื™, ื ืึธืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ื‘ืืฉืœืืกืŸ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœืขืš ื“ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจืฉืึทื ื– ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ืขืงื˜ื™ื ื’ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืคืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ืŸ.

ืื™ืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ื’ื–ื•ื‘ืขืจืึทื ื˜ ืžืึทืกื˜ืขืจื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืŸ, ืขืจ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื’ื•ื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืขืกื˜ืจื™ื™ื ื“ื–ืฉืžืึทื ื˜, ื™ื™ืœื™ืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ, ื“ื™ืคืึธืจืžืึทื˜ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ื–ืึทื ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื—ืœื•ืžื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคื˜ืœืขืš ื’ื™ื™ื“ืœื™ื™ื ื–.

ืคึผืจืึธืกื˜ ืคึผืœืึทืฅ, ื™ืึธ, ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจื˜ ื•ื•ื• ืงืึทืจื˜ืึทืจืขืกืงื• ืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทืœื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื™ึทืข ื•ื™ืกืžืขืกื˜ื•ื ื’, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื ืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ืจ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ ืจืขืคึผืœื™ืงืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื“ืขืจ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ, ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคื•ืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื•ืึทื ืกื™ื– ืื•ืŸ ืขื ืจื™ื˜ืฉื˜ ื“ืึทื ืง ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืฆื• ืจืึทื˜ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทืœืฅ.

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคืขืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก Cartarescu ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืžืืžืจื™ื, ืžื™ืจ ื ืึธืจ ื“ืขืœื•ื• ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทื ื™ืกื˜ื™ืง ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ืงืœื™ื™ึทื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ.

Top 3 ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ Mircea Cartarescu

ืกืึธืœืขื ืึธื™ื“

800 ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืคืึทืงื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ืžืœื™ื™ืง ืงืึทืžืฃ ืฆื• ืคืึทืจื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ, ืขื ื“ืœืขืš ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืกืคึผื™ื˜ืฉืœืึทืก ืื™ืŸ ืคืจืึธื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืฆื™ืจืง ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ื‘ืึทืœืึทื ืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืคืงื™ื™ึทื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธื ื–ืึธื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ื™ืกืงืึทื ืกืขืจื˜ื™ื ื’.

ื ื›ื•ื•ื ื” ื“ืขืงืœืึทืจืึทืฆื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹Cartarescu ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืœื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืึทืžื‘ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจืง. ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ืึทื“ ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืก ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืึทืœื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึทืคึผื™ื˜ืึทืœื™ื™ื–ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคืึธืงื•ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืœืึทื ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืฉื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ื‘ื•ืงืืจืขืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืก ืคืึทืจื’ืึทื ื’ืขื ื”ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืึธืจืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ. ื˜ืฉื•ื“ื ืข ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช ื“ืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจื•ื ื“ืขื ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืžืึธืœ ืคื•ื ื˜ ืฆื• ืึท ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ืจื™ื“ืขืจืขืงื˜ื™ื“ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื˜ืขืจ ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฆื•ืจื™ืงืงืขืจ ืฆื• ืคืึทืงื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืจืึทื ืกืคืึธืจืžื– ื“ื™ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื•ื˜ืขืกืง, ืื™ืŸ ื›ืขืจื˜ื™ื ื’ ืžืขื˜ืึทืคืึธืจื–, ืื™ืŸ ื’ืจืึธื‘ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืงืฉื™ื ืื™ื– ืึท ืจื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ ืœืขืจืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืงื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืึทืœ ื”ื•ื™ืš ืฉื•ืœืข, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ืงืึทืจื™ืขืจืข ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืึทืš ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื, ื‘ื™ื™ื– ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ ืฉื™ืคืœ-ืฉื™ื™ืคึผื˜ ื”ื•ื™ื–, ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื™ื ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืึธืœืขื ืึธื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื›ืึทื•ื–ื– ืžืึธื“ื ืข ืžืึทืฉื™ื ืขืจื™: ืึท ืฆื™ื™ื ื“ืึธืงื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ืœ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœ ื˜ืึทืคืœื™ืข. ื‘ืืœื“ ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืึธื ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœืขืจืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืงืึทืคึผื˜ืฉืขืจื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ืกืขืงื˜ืข, ื“ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผื™ืงืึทื˜ืขืจื–, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึธืจื’ืึทื ื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื ืึทืงื˜ืขืจื ืึทืœ ื“ืขืžืึทื ืกื˜ืจื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืขืžืึทื˜ืขืจื™ื– ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืจื’. ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ, ื“ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืขืจ ืคื™ื™ืกื™ื– ื›ืึทืœื•ืกืึทื ื™ื™ืฉืึทื ื– ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงืŸ ื“ืขื ืืžืช ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ.

ืกืึธืœืขื ืึธื™ื“ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื˜ืึธื•ื˜ืฉืกื˜ืึธื ืข ืึทืจื•ื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ื™ ืจืขืฉื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ Cฤƒrtฤƒrescu. ื ื•ื•ืขืจืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื˜ืจืึทืงืฅ ืึทืœืข ืงืœื•ื–, ื˜ืขืžืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ืึธื‘ืกืขืกืกื™ืึธื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืจื™ืœื™ืึทื ื˜ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ื™ืกืœืขื›ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืึท ืงื•ืœื˜ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจ: ื”ืขืœืงื™ื™ึทื˜, ืžืขืฉื•ื’ืึทืก ืื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืงื™ื™ื˜. ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืจื•ืžืขื ื™ืฉ Mircea Cฤƒrtฤƒrescu, ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง ืื™ื™ืจืืคืขื™ืฉืขืจ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืก, ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืจืง ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืื™ื ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึทืžืคึผืขืจื“ ืžื™ื˜ Pynchon, Kafka ืื•ืŸ Kundera.

ืกืึธืœืขื ืึธื™ื“

ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื ืงืขืจ ืคืœื™ื’ืœ. ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ืขืจ 1

ื“ื™ ืึธืจื‘ื™ื˜ืึธืจ ื˜ืจื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™, ืึธื“ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื™ืŸ, ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืœื•ื•ื– ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืกืคึผืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹Cartarescu, ืึท ื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืกืคึผื™ืจืึทืœื™ืฉ, ืžื™ื˜ ืงืึทื•ื ื˜ืœืึทืก ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืึทืจื™ื™ึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืกื’ืึทื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข.

ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ืคืึทื ื˜ืึทื–ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคืึทืงื˜ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืงืึทืžื™ื•ื ืึทืงื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ื›ืœื™ื ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ืกืึทื‘ื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื• ื•ื•ื•ึผืงืก. ืื•ืŸ ืงืึทืจื˜ืึทืจืขืกืงื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืจืขื–ืขื ื˜ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืœืึทื ืึทืฅ ื“ืจื™ื™ื•ื•ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื“ืึทื ืง, ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื˜ื•ื™ื’ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืง ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ึทื˜ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข, ื•ื•ื™ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืึทืจืฉื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืŸ ืคื•ื ืงื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืœื™ื™ื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ืขื ืฅ. ื•ื•ื™ืกืขืจืึทืœ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜-ืขืงืกืคึผืœืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทื‘ืœืขืš ื ืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ื˜ืขืจ, ืึท ืคื™ืงืฉืึทื ืึทืœ ื ืกื™ืขื” ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื’ืขืึธื’ืจืึทืคื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ืึทืœื•ืกืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜, ืึท ื‘ื•ืงืืจืขืฉื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ืกืฆืขื ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข,ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืข ืคืœื™ื’ืœยปืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืจืึธื ื’ืขืกื˜ ืกืึทืงืกืขืกืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืจืืคืขื™ืฉืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืกืขืœืœืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก.

ื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืขืจื ื“ื™ืงืข ืฆื™ืจืงืกืขืก, ืกืขืงื•ืจื™ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื’ืขื ื˜ืŸ, ืฆื™ื’ืฒึทื ืขืจ ืึทื“ื™ืงื™ืจื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื, ืึท ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจืข ืกืขืงื˜ืข, ื“ื™ ืงืขื ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึธื ื˜ืจืึธืœื™ืจืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืงืขื ื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื–ืขื™ืง, ืึทืŸ ืึทืจืžื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ืงืข ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื–ืึทื ื˜ื™ืŸ ืžืœืื›ื™ื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืงืึทืžื‘ืึทื˜ ื–ื™ื™, ืึทืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื•ื™ื›ื˜ืŸ ืึทืœื‘ื™ื ืึธ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ืฉื™ืฅ ื“ืขื ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ , ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืขืจื“ื™ืฉืข ื“ื–ืฉืึทื– ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื—ืœื•ืžื˜ืŸ ื ื™ื• ืึธืจืœืขืึทื ืก, ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคืจื™ื™ืก ืคื•ื ืขื ืงืึธืžื•ื ื™ื–ื ืื™ืŸ ืจื•ืžืขื ื™ืข... ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืคึผืึทืกืึทื–ืฉื™ืจืŸ, ืคึฟืึทืจื›ืึทืคึผื ื“ื™ืงืข ื˜ืึทืคึผืขืกื˜ืจื™ืขืก, ืจื™ื–ื™ื’ืข ื‘ืึทื˜ืขืจืคืœื™ื™ื–, ืึท ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืขืจ ื™ืฆื™ืืช ืžืฆืจื™ื ืฆื• ื“ืขื ืžื—ื‘ืจืก ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคืึทืจื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”. ื ืงืืœื™ื™ื“ืืกืืคื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก, ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืืœื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ืจื™ืงื’ืขืงืขืจื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื ืคืœื™ื’ืขืจ, ื‘ืื•ื•ืขื’ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื•ื•ืื ื“ืœื˜.

ื“ื™ ืœื™ื ืงืข ืคืœื™ื’ืœ

ื‘ืขื ืงืฉืึทืคื˜

ืืฒื ืข ืจ ืคื• ืŸ ื“ ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ ืข ื‘ืื ื“ืŸ , ืฐื ื ื–ืืžืœืข ืŸ ืงืืจื˜ืืจืขืกืงื• ืก ื ืืฆื™ืื ืืœ ืข ืคืจืื–ืข . ื ื•ื•ืขืจืง, ื™ืžืคึผืจืขื’ื ื™ื™ื˜ืึทื“ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืจื™ืงืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ ืก ืงืจื™ืกืึทืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทื˜ืึทืงืข ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื–ืข. ื“ื™ ืงื•ืจืฅ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืง ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื™ื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ, ืึธื‘ืขืจ, ื“ื™ ื™ืžืขืจื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืก ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืžืขื ื˜ ืึทื– ื‘ืึทืœื“ื™ืง ื“ื™ื˜ืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืฆื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคึผืจืึทื“ื–ืฉืขืงื˜ืึทื“.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื•ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืงื•ื•ืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืึธืคึผืขื ืก ืžื™ื˜ "ื“ื™ ืจืึธื•ืœืขื˜ื˜ืข ืคึผืœื™ื™ึทืขืจ", ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื ืœื™ื™ืงืœื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ืึท ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืื˜ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืึทื–ืœื“ื™ืง ื’ืขื ื•ื’, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืึทืคึผืจื™ื™ื–ื™ื ื’ืœื™ ืžืื›ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทื–ืœ ืคึผืึทืจื˜ื™ืกืึทืคึผื™ื™ื˜ื™ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืœืขืš ืจื•ืกื™ืฉ ืจื•ืœืขื˜ ืกืขืฉืึทื ื–. ืื™ืŸ "ืขืœ ืžืขื ื“ รฉ ื‘ื™ืœ", ืึท ืคืึทืจ-ืคึผื•ื‘ืขืกืกืขื ื˜ ืคึผืจืึธื•ืกื˜ื™ืึทืŸ ืžืฉื™ื— ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึทื“ื–ืฉื™ืงืึทืœ ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืึทื“ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืข ืกืขืงืฉื•ืึทืœืึทื˜ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ื›ืึทื ืึทื“ ื“ื•ืจืš ืึท ืœืขื’ื™ืึธืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ ืึทืงืึธืœื™ื˜ืขืก.

ืื™ืŸ "ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืœื™ื ื’", ืงืึทืจื˜ืึทืจืขืกืงื• ื ืึธื›ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืฉื•ื“ื ืข ืขืงืกืคึผืœืขืจื™ื™ืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื’ื ื˜ืœืขืš ืงืึทืก, ืœื™ื“ื™ื ื’ ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ื•ืš, "ืจืขื", ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื ืึทื ืึท, ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœ-ืึทืœื˜ ืคืจื•ื™ ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ื‘ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืžื™ื˜ืœืฉื•ืœ ืชึผืœืžื™ื“. ื“ื™ ืขื ืฆื™ืงืœืึธืคึผืขื“ื™ืง ื‘ื•ืงืืจืขืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทื˜ืขื’ืึธืจื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ โ€‹โ€‹ื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกืึทืœ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜. ืึท ื›ื™ื“ืขืฉื“ื™ืง, ืึทืคืจืึธื•ื“ื™ื–ื™ืึทืง ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืืจื™ืฉืข ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื˜ื•ืจ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืจืึทืคื˜, ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจืขืกื˜ืข ืคื™ื’ื™ืขืจื– ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ึทื ื˜ืฆื™ื™ึทื˜ื™ืง ืื™ื™ืจืืคืขื™ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืชื™ื•ืช.

ื‘ืขื ืงืฉืึทืคื˜

ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืจืขืงืึทืžืขื ื“ื™ื“ ืจืืžืื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ Mircea Cartarescu

ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืคืœื™ื’ืœ. ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ 3

"ืขืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืืจ 1989. ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืžืจื™ื“ื”, ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจืฉืจืึธืงืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ึทืœ ื“ื™ ื–ืื›ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคึผืึทืกื™ืจืŸ." ื“ื™ ืจืขื›ื˜ ืคืœื™ื’ืœ ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ ื™ื ืกื˜ืึธืœืžืึทื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื ื“ื™ื ื’ ื˜ืจื™ืœืึทื“ื–ืฉื™. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขื•ื•ืืœื•ืฆื™ืข. ื“ื™ ืกืขืึทืกืกืงื• ื“ื™ืงื˜ืึทื˜ืึธืจืฉื™ืคึผ ืœืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ ืฉื˜ืจืึธืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ืจืงืกืขืก ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื•ื ื’ืขืจ, ืจื™ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืขืกื ื•ื•ืึทืจื’ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜.

ื‘ื•ืงืืจืขืฉื˜ ืื™ื– ื ืฉื˜ืื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื ืื›ื˜, ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื•ืจื‘ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืœื™ืง. ื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ืžื™ืจืกืขืึท ืื™ื– ืฆืขืจื™ืกืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื›ืึทืœื•ืกืึทื ื™ื™ื˜ื™ื“ ื•ื•ื™ื–ืฉืึทื ื– ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืฉื˜ืึธื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืึทืžื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื•ืฃ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ืœื“ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉ ื“ื™ืกืขืงืฉืึทืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืคืจื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืฉืึทืคื˜, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืึท ื—ืœื•ื ื ืกื™ืขื” ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ืœืึทื‘ื™ืจื™ื ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ื™ื—ื•ืก, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึทืœืฅ ืงืึทื ื•ื•ืขืจื“ื–ืฉื– ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืฅ ืขืก ืขื ื“ืก ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคื•ืœืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืคืœื™ื’ืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืึธืก ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืึท ืคืœืึทื˜ืขืจืœ'ืก ืคืœื™ื’ืœ.

ื“ืข ืจ ืจืขื›ื˜ืข ืจ ืคืœื™ื’ืœ , ืคืืจื‘ืœืขื ื“ ื˜ 3
5/5 - (14 ื•ื•ืึธื•ืฅ)

ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืžืขืจืงื•ื ื’

ื“ืขื ืคึผืœืึทืฅ ื ื™ืฆื˜ ืึทืงื™ืกืžืขื˜ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ื•ืฆื™ืจืŸ ืกืคึผืึทื. ืœืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงืึธืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจ ื“ืึทื˜ืข ืื™ื– ืคึผืจืึทืกืขืกื˜.