Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphambili zikaRobert A. Heinlein

Sithetha namhlanje malunga URobert A. Heinlein, Umkhupheli wokugqibela wababhali abakhulu beklasi yohlobo lwe intsomi yesayensi. Kumsebenzi wakhe wokubhala ngaphakathi kolu hlobo lwe-CiFi apho azinikele khona ngothando, ngenxa yam iqaqambisa umnqweno wohlalutyo lwezopolitiko, lwezentlalo kunye nenzululwazi yendalo. U-Heinlein uguqula iinoveli zakhe zibe kukufunda okumnandi okunokunika umbono wokonwabisa ngelixa ebonisa umbono wohlalutyo kwiinkalo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela umntu nakweyiphi na into.

Ngamanye amaxesha sifumana uHeinlein ngokuhambelana no Orwell kunye neyona ntsomi yakhe inkulu yezopolitiko, ehambelana nombono we-dystopian wezinye ii-greats ezinje huxley o IBradbury. Kwaye kwangaxeshanye sihlala sifumana icebo elinomdla, eliguqukayo, elinabalinganiswa be-anthological abathatha inxaxheba kwiinoveli ezininzi, ezinje ngoLazaro Long, okanye ngamabali alukwe ngokugqibeleleyo malunga nokuhlaselwa kwempucuko yangaphandle, okanye ngokuphefumlelwa okuvela kwi-operas yendawo, ehlala iziseko ze astronomical ezoyikekayo nangona zinikezelwe kunye nesakhono solwazi esithe kwangaxeshanye sisonwabisa kwaye sihlakulele.

Ukuba sinokufumana kwiincwadi zakhe ezininzi uphononongo lweengcinga ngokubanzi, iingcinga ezithandwayo kunye nokuziphatha ngeendlela ezintsha zentlalo, siya kufumana umbhali okwazileyo ukuvusa iimpikiswano kunye nokuseka iintshukumo zenkcubeko, kolo khangelo lwezinto ezintsha Yindibaniselwano yoluntu ekuthi, phantsi komzekelo wokugqithileyo kunye nokuphikisana ngokupheleleyo, kuququzelele ukuvulwa kwazo zonke iingcinga.

Ngamafutshane, funda uRobert A. Heinlein, kunye neencwadi zayo ezingaphezu kwe-30 ezipapashiweyo, isimemo sokuzonwabisa kunye nokuziyolisa ngokwengqondo kwindawo yezenzululwazi enamaxwebhu asisiseko esiphela ngokushicilela ubunyani obumangalisayo obuguqula ubuxoki benzululwazi bube loncwadi kwiingcinga zenzululwazi. Ngolu hlobo lomgangatho wobunjani beqonga kunye nokuqina kwamaxwebhu, uHeinlein uphumelele amabhaso amaninzi oluhlobo.

Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu eziCetyiswayo nguRobert A. Heinlein

Inyanga ngumthandi okhohlakeleyo

Kuya kufuneka ndivume ukuba andazi ukuba le yeyona inoveli ibalaseleyo kaHeinlein, kodwa ndiyayikhetha kuba ndicinga ukuba kumhla wethu yeyona ifanelekileyo.

Unxibelelwano, i-Intanethi yeZinto yalatha kwindlela yokunxibelelana phakathi kwabantu nazo zonke iintlobo zezixhobo kunye neerobhothi. Kodwa umba nawo unobungozi bawo, obonwe kwimeko yokuqala zii-cyberattacks ezisebenzisa olu nxibelelwano ukufikelela kuso nasiphi na isixhobo.

U-Heinlein walifumana eli bali ngo-1966 kwaye usixelela ngenyanga ethanjisiweyo apho ubungqongqo ngokuqinisekileyo babungazange bacinge ngaphambi kokuba koyiswe indawo entsha engaphaya komhlaba. UMannie uhlala eNyangeni kwaye uzimisele ukukhulula iWyoming Knott.

Ukwenza oku, uya kusebenzisa uMike, ikhompyutha eqhagamshelweyo ekwaziyo ukubhukuqa ucwangco olusekwe eNyangeni ngenxa yobukrelekrele bayo bokwenziwa obunqanda kwi-intuition yomntu. Ingaba iNyanga iyayifezekisa inkululeko yayo kurhulumente wasemhlabeni ocinezelayo iya kuxhomekeka kuMannie...

Umntu ongaqhelekanga kwilizwe elingaqhelekanga

Ugqweso lwenoveli yokusivulela esona siphakamiso sibalulekileyo malunga nempucuko yabantu. Umlingiswa kaMichael, ingxubevange yabantu kunye nangaphandle komhlaba (ubuncinci phakathi kokungafani kwakhe ngokomzimba kunye nemfundo yakhe ezandleni zikaMartians) ngumlinganiswa ogqithisayo osebenzela unobangela wokujonga amasiko ethu, imikhwa yethu, ukuziphatha kwethu, ukuziphatha kwethu. ukuphikisana nayo yonke into eyenza ukuba sibe ngabantu ababuthathaka imithetho, amaziko kunye namazwe athatha ithuba. Xa uMichael efika emhlabeni ingxabano iphelile.

Kungenxa yokuba uMichael ufundile ukusebenzisa konke okusemandleni ukungcwatywa kwabantu ixesha elide. Kwaye xa uMichael efumanise ubutshaba obuvusayo, encediswa ngumhlanguli wakhe uJubal Harshaw, uyakubhengeza konke okusemandleni akhe ukuba kungabikho namnye umntu onokuze akhule.

Imikhosi yasemajukujukwini

Ukuthi indawo opera isengavakala ngathi iyadelela, njengoko le noveli igqibelele ngakumbi. Kodwa inokuhlala ibhalwe ngale ndlela xa sifumana i-interstellar adventures.

Kungenxa yokuba ukuphela kwale noveli kusetiwe kwinkulungwane ye-XXIII kuhamba ngokulwa emajukujukwini, apho uJohnnie Rico kufuneka angqine ukubaluleka kwakhe njengomqhubi wenqwelomoya ohambahambayo.

Ngokukhumbula emkhosini imithambo yombhali de ukugula kumthintele ekwandiseni ikhondo lomsebenzi wakhe, eli bali lenza iqhinga elinomdla nelinamandla kumxholo ophindaphindeneyo wengxabano onokusilindela ngempucuko evela kwezinye iiplanethi.

Njengedatha efanelekileyo, kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ayisiyiyo yonke into eyenzekayo e-US, isixeko saseBuenos Aires siba kukuqala ekujoliswe kuko kwiinqanawa zangaphandle ... kwaye ifilimu yakhe ijongeka njengeqanda kwi-chestnut.