USamuel Langshorne Clemens uthathe isigqibo ngenye imini entle yokulandela ubuntatheli. I-pseudonym yakhe iya kuba UMark Twain, kwaye esebenzisa iqonga awayelinikwe yimithombo yeendaba, wachaza (i-pun ejonge) ukucinga kwakhe ngokuchasene nayo yonke into yokuphathwa gadalala koontanga. Kwilizwe elifana ne-United States elalisindwa ngamandla okulwa ubukhoboka ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, aluzange luphumelele uvelwano (ndizisa apha ingxelo enomdla yokupheliswa kwezinto e-United States, uloliwe ongaphantsi komhlaba).
Ke uMark Twain wamisa ubuntatheli kwaye wagxila kuncwadi, apho wayeza kuphelela ekubeni yenye yeembekiselo zabo bonke ababhali abatsha kwilizwe lakhe. Umsebenzi wakhe obanzi, oquka konke usebenze njengomsitho wezizukulwana ezizayo zababhali abatsha (njengoko naye wayeqonda UWilliam Faulkner ngamaxesha athile).
Kodwa ngelixa umsebenzi wakhe olungileyo kunye nomtsalane wamnika uzuko olukhulayo kunye nodumo eUnited States, ilifa lakhe lawela imida lasasazeka kwihlabathi liphela. Kungenxa yokuba uMark Twain wayenesidima, esinqabileyo kwiintsuku zethu, sokudibanisa ulutsha kunye neenoveli zabantu abadala kwakuloo msebenzi. Ndiyifumene Iintlanga zikaTom Sawyer Kwelinye icala kunye nele Huckleberry Finn kwelinye icala baya kufikelela kwindalo yonke kwicandelo loonobumba. Ayothusi into yokuba ingqondo ekwaziyo ukwenza oku kudibeneyo ibonelele ngokudityaniswa kwengxelo edibeneyo eyaqala ukwahlukahlukana kweentlobo.
Ngelishwa, iminyaka yokugqibela kaMark Twain yajika yaba lusizi olunzulu. Akuyonto yendalo ukusinda emntwaneni, khawufane ucinge indlela ekumele ukuba kubi ngayo ukuba kwenzeke kwisithathu kwisine senzala. Umhlolokazi kwaye ephindaphinda kwaye edimazeka, uTwain wayephela phakathi kokugqibela nokwamkelwa kwemvakalelo kwilizwe liphela.
Iinoveli ezinconywayo ezi-3 nguMark Twain
Iintlanga zikaTom Sawyer
Ungayikhumbuli njani le noveli inkulu? Ndicinga ukuba abantwana abaninzi njengam babeke izandla zabo kuyo. Kwakukho into yomlingo kubomi bukaTom Sawyer, yayingekuko ngokuya kwilizwe leFantasy, okanye ukujongana neempungutye okanye izilo.
UTom Sawyer yayizizinto zemihla ngemihla, ezinjengezo unokuhlala nazo neqela labahlobo bakho. Ngandlela thile uthelekiso olulula lweziganeko zakho nooTom bakusondeze kubuxoki ngendlela ebonakalayo.
Umlambo wakho omncinci wedolophu waba yi-Mississippi kwaye izinto ezincinci zazonwabile ngakumbi. Kodwa uTom Sawyer wayekufaka kwihlabathi labadala.
Kumava kaTom kwakubakho amaxesha amancinci, ezinye izinto ezibuhlungu kunye nosizi, ukungaqondani kwabantu abadala kunye nezinye zazo ezazibonakala ngathi zezona ziintsomi zezinye iinoveli ezimnandi, kuphela ngobunzima bokwenyani obukwenza uqikelele ukuba ilizwe labantu abadala hayi njenge-idyllic njengeyakho.
Incwadi ukonwabele ukufunda kunye nokubonisa ulutsha, ixesha elifanelekileyo lokufunda le noveli, ngaphandle kokuphazamisa konke konke kufundo lwabantu abadala olunokuphinda luvuselele ukukhanya okungalunganga xa ungasekho kwilizwe likaTom, okanye kwelakho ubuntwana bakho ...
IiAdventures zeHuckleberry Finn
Kwakusoloko kubonakala kum ukuba uhambo lukaHuckleberry Finn lwalunendawo emnyama, enolusu ngakumbi nenenkohlakalo.
Kwaye kukuba kuyo bekukho indawo ephawuliweyo yokugxeka kwezentlalo. UHuck uhamba nomhlobo wakhe omnyama uJi ekhangela uhlobo oluthile lwenkululeko uJim angabonakali eyonwabela kuba umnyama. Okokugqibela okuvela kwelona xesha linzima kukuphakanyiswa okukhulu kobuhlobo, kwamandla obutsha afikelela kwizizathu ezifanelekileyo, anokujika abe sisitshingitshane sezazela.
Kodwa kukwakho namaxesha oburharha kunye nokuzonwabisa okukhawulezayo, isenzo esingapheliyo kwisiphumo sokubuyisela. Yonke into eyonwabisayo ifuna ukuthunywa, kwaye le inoveli inexabiso elikhulu, obona butyebi bukhulu.
Idayari ka-Adam no-Eva
NguMark Twain kuphela, ngesakhono sakhe esingenakutshiswa sokuyila, onokuthi athathele ingqalelo ibhlog yezo ntsuku eparadesi kubahlali kuphela abafumana ukufikelela simahla, bade bayixabise nge-manzanita ...
Uburharha kodwa kunye nenjongo yesincoko sentlalo malunga nobudlelwane phakathi kwabantu besini esahlukileyo. Ngokwenyani, iParadesi kule meko yimatriki, uEva yiyo yonke into enika amagama yonke into, oyaziyo indlela yokwenza izinto ukuze iParadesi ingagqibi ukuba sisiphithiphithi.
Ufumanisa ubuchule bayo yonke into. UAdam phantse uhlala ecinga kuphela, uyamthanda uEva okwaziyo ukulawula eparadesi, enoluvo oluthile lokuba iparadesi ayinakuba njalo ngaphandle kwakhe. Nangona umsebenzi ngandlela thile uphawulwe ziinkolelo zesini zexesha, inegalelo elikhulu kwaye lilungile kolo phononongo lwamadoda nabasetyhini.
Ukuchukumisa uburharha kusisondeza kwiparadesi kwaye kusibonisa ukuba zazinjani ezo ntsuku xa sasiza kuhlala kuzo zonke iindawo ezilungileyo ...
