Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba i-heterogeneity yomsebenzi yenye yezinto ezintle zeengqondo. Kwaye kunjalo, kufika imini xa ugqiba enye yazo, kangangokuba uMichelangelo ekhuthaza ukuba odumileyo: Thetha!, ejoliswe kuDavide wakhe kwaye kubonakala ngathi yonke into ngaphambili kunye nento ezayo, ngokuhlukahluka kwayo, amandla kunye nexabiso elikhulu, ngokukhawuleza. ilahlekelwe lixabiso layo.
Into enje imele ukuba yenzeka kubantu abahlukileyo UJames joyce ukugqiba kwakhe u-Ulysses…, nangona iinjongo zokuqala zokupapasha zazinganqweneli konke konke, uhlolo lwamaNgesi lwajongana nezihluzo zalo zexesha kulo msebenzi mkhulu. IParis kwafuneka ibe sisixeko esazala umsebenzi opheleleyo emva phayaa ngowe-1922.
Ulysses ecaleni (nangona kuninzi ukubeka ecaleni), umsebenzi kaJames Joyce uvelisa ubutyebi, ubuchule kunye nobuntu kwiingoma zakhe ezininzi. Ubulungisa benza ukhetho ukwenzela ukuba, ubuncinane, u-Ulysses wabelana ngepodium kunye nezinye iincwadi ezimbini ezilungileyo yi-Irish genius ... kuba ukuba kwakusele kuninzi ukuba ilizwe lase-Ireland lifanele Oscar Wilde, lo mbhali mtsha wendalo iphela weza kuthabath’ unyawo kwinkulungwane eyayibalasele (phakathi kweye-XNUMX neye-XNUMX) yeencwadi zeli lizwe leenqaba, iintsomi namabali, zolonwabo phambi kolwandle nabemi beziqithi abakhaliphileyo.
IiNoveli ezi-3 ezicetyiswayo nguJames Joyce
Ulysses
Amabali eepic akudala avusa, ngokunxuseneyo nenjongo yawo yokuphakamisa, impoxo yobomi bemihla ngemihla. «Los amaqhawe akudala Baye bahamba ngeenyawo eCallejón del Gato », njengoko uValle-Inclán ebenokuthi. Elona bali liphumeleleyo malunga ne-paradox yokuhlala phakathi kwelitye kunye nendawo enzima, isithuba phakathi kwamaphupha kunye nokuphazamiseka.
Isishwankathelo: I-Ulysses ibali losuku ebomini be-3 abalinganiswa uLeopold Bloom, umfazi wakhe uMolly kunye noStephen Dedalus osemncinci. Uhambo losuku, i-Odyssey ebuyela umva, apho imixholo yaseHomeric iguqulwa kwaye iguqulwe ngeqela elichasene nobugorha elijongene nentlekele kumdlalo ohlekisayo.
I-akhawunti ye-parodic ye-epic yemeko yomntu kunye ne-Dublin kunye nokuziphatha kwayo okuhle, isakhiwo sayo, i-avant-garde ngokugqithiseleyo, ilumkisa ngawo onke amaxesha ngobunzima bayo kwaye ifuna ukuzinikela okukhulu. Ulysses Yincwadi enesandi esiphakamileyo, esikrwada kunye nesifundiswa apho kukho ezinye ezibonelela ngoncwadi olwahlukileyo, olungaqhelekanga, olucaphukisayo ngamaxesha athile kwaye ngokungathandabuzekiyo olukhethekileyo.
Umfanekiso womzobi ofikisayo
Ngeenkumbulo ezingenakuphikiswa ukuba UDorian Grey umzobo, ngu-Oscar Wilde, uJames Joyce uzisa ingcamango kwintsimi yakhe ukuze ayenze ibe ngumntu ngakumbi.
Kule meko, umfanekiso uthatha ingqiqo yakhe malunga nokuba ubutsha bakhe babunjani, ukuba wayenjani, yintoni iinjongo zakhe kunye neenjongo zakhe kwada kwaloo mzuzu xa wahlala phantsi ukubhala le ncwadi. Isishwankathelo: Inoveli enentlawulo eyomeleleyo ye-autobiographical, epapashwe ngamaxesha athile phakathi ko-1914 kunye no-1915 kwaye ekugqibeleni njengencwadi ngo-1916.
Umlingisi oyintloko, uStephen Dedalus, uJoyce's alter ego, ubalisa iziqendu zobomi bakhe ngokuvuselela ngokungacwangciswanga kweengcinga zakhe ezikhokelela ekubeni ahlangane nobuKatolika, isono, idini, inguquko kunye nolwaneliseko ngokwasentlalweni ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Umsebenzi kaJoyce wokucamagushela kunye nokukhupha iidemon kukwaludibaniso oluqinisekileyo kuphuhliso lomlinganiswa, uStephen Dedalus, osisiseko e-Ulysses.
finnegans bavuke
Kuwo wonke umfundi ogqiba ekunquleni uJoyce emva kokufunda inoveli ethi Ulysses, kuye nabani na owela kwi-fetishist kwaye ofuna ukunqabile, indlela yokufikelela kumbhali ngokomoya, kukho umsebenzi owahlukileyo, obhaliweyo mhlawumbi ovela kwi-subconscious efikelelwe etywaleni. I-delirium.
Inyaniso yamanxila kufuneka ibe lityala elihlawulwe ngumbhali ngamnye, ukugqiba ukugabha yonke into eyayisele kwiinki, iinjongo azizange zicace ...
Isishwankathelo: Finnegans Wake, ibali lokozela, ukunxila, ukucinga njengephupha kunye notywala, asiyoncwadi ebhalwe ngolwimi. Ngokwelizwi, ewe, ibhalwe ngesiNgesi, kodwa yimeko emsulwa.
Emva kwesiNgesi kukho enye into, ukuguqulwa kwesihobe, ngabom, ngamanye amaxesha okukhohlakeleyo, okujika isiNgesi sibe yiqokobhe lolwimi lwamaphupha. Ubudlelwane obungathandabuzekiyo beepolysemies, iintsingiselo ezifihlakeleyo, ukujijeka okungalindelekanga, iisimboli ezingaphantsi kwengqondo kunye neziganeko ezingahleliwe, ezinokuthi, ngokukaJoyce ngokwakhe, zithathe izifundiswa iminyaka engaphezu kwe-100.
Umsebenzi, ngokobuchwepheshe obungenakuguqulelwa, uye waba ngumxholo wemizamo ethile kwinguqulo yeCastilian. Uhlelo lwe-Lumen lolokugqibela kubo kunye nesixa esikhulu sombhalo onikezelwe kulwimi lwaseCervantes.
Ezinye iincwadi ezinomdla zikaJames Joyce
Abafileyo
UJoyce naye wandisa isithunzi sakhe kwibali elifutshane. Kwaye ngeli xesha lisisondeza kwiKrisimesi eyahlukileyo, kunye nokufikelela okufanayo komkhenkce kwentombazana ka-Andersen eneematshisi kodwa igxininise ngakumbi kolo kuguqulwa kovuyo lube ngumbhiyozo ongenakwenzeka xa abo uthanda kakhulu ukuthotywa kwe-toast bengasekho ...
Ubusuku beKrisimesi kwindlu yamanenekazi aseMorkan sisiganeko sonyaka esigqwesileyo. Ikhaya lizaliswe yintsini, umculo kunye nokudanisa ulonwabo olukhulu lweendwendwe kunye nabamkeli bazo. Kodwa nangokuzola kwabo bangasekhoyo. Inkumbulo yabasishiyileyo iya kukhokelela abalinganiswa ukuba bahambe ngeendlela ezilityelweyo.
Umfundi, ngesandla sikaGabriel Conroy, olahlekileyo ekubonakalisweni kobusuku obumhlophe baseDublin, uya kuzimasa i-epiphany, ngoku engafiyo kwiimbali zoncwadi, elindele ubuchule obutsha obusetyenziswa nguJoyce kwiMfanekiso yoMculi njengoMntu oselula. kunye no-Ulysses.
