Umbhali waseChile Isabel Allende Uyalawula njengoko efuna enye yezona mpawu ziphambili okanye izipho umbhali ngamnye anqwenela ukuziphumeza kuwo wonke umsebenzi wakhe: uvelwano. Oonobumba be Isabel Allende yimifanekiso ecacileyo ukusuka ngaphakathi nangaphandle. Sidibanisa nazo zonke ezivela emphefumlweni. Ukusuka apho, ukusuka kwiforum yangaphakathi, sicinga ngehlabathi eliphantsi komgaqo wokuba umbhali unomdla wokubonisa ukuze sikholwe ngakumbi, sibe neemvakalelo ngakumbi okanye sibaluleke nangakumbi xa echukumisa ...
Ke, sihlobo, uyalumkiswa. Ukuzibeka ukuba ufunde nayiphi na iinoveli ukumkanikazi weeleta ngeSpanish kuya kuthetha utshintsho, i-osmosis, ukulingisa kobunye ubomi, abo babalinganiswa kwiinoveli zakhe. Kwenzeka ngoluhlobo, uqala ngokubamamela behamba kufutshane nawe, emva koko uqaphele indlela abaphefumla ngayo, ugqibela ngokuqonda ivumba labo kwaye ubone izijekulo zabo. Ekugqibeleni uphelela ngaphakathi kulusu lwabo kwaye uqalise ukuhlala kubo.
Ngamafutshane, olo luvelwano, ukufunda ukubona ngamehlo ahlukeneyo. Kwaye njengoko bendihlala ndisitsho, le yenye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo kuncwadi. Asingombuzo wokuzikholelwa ngokwakho ukuba unobulumko, kodwa ngokwazi indlela yokuqonda abanye. Yahlula-hlula enye dissertations kwi Umsebenzi we Isabel Allende, Ndicinga ukuba akukho nto iseleyo ukuba ndiyithethe ngaphandle kokubonisa eyam Iinoveli ezintathu ezinconyelweyo ngamandla.
Iincwadana ezi-3 eziphezulu ezicetyiswayo ze Isabel Allende
Isixeko samarhamncwa
Ngaba uyafuna ukukhangela kwi-Amazon enzulu? Isenokuba kuphela kwendawo kule planethi apho unokufumana khona into eyiyo. (Ingenzeka nakwindawo enzonzobileyo, kodwa asikwazi kufika apho okwangoku).
Ukuba, ukongeza, abo bakuthathayo nguAlexander noNadia, uyakonwabela uhambo lokubhala lobomi bakho, ngamanye amaxesha olungaphezulu kokuhamba uye esiphelweni sehlabathi. UAlexander Cold yinkwenkwe yaseMelika eneminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu eya eAmazon kunye nogogo wakhe uKate, intatheli egxile kukhenketho.
Olu hambo luya nzulu ehlathini lukhangela irhamncwa elingaqhelekanga. Kunye neqabane lakhe lokuhamba, uNadia Santos, kunye ne-shaman yemveli yekhulu, uAlex uya kufumana umhlaba omangalisayo kwaye kunye baya kuphila i-adventure enkulu.
Indalo esele yaziwa ye Isabel Allende yandisa Isixeko samarhamncwa ngezinto ezintsha zobunyani bomlingo, i-adventure kunye nendalo. Abadlali abancinci abancinci, uNadia noAlexander, bangena kwihlathi elingafundiswanga laseAmazon, bekhokelela umfundi ngesandla kuhambo olungapheliyo kwindawo engummangaliso apho imida phakathi kwenyani namaphupha ifiphele, apho amadoda noothixo bedidekile, apho kuhamba imimoya isandla sabaphilayo.
Indlu yeMimoya
Kwakungekho kubi ukuqala, kodwa kwakungekho kubi kwaphela ... ukuze sizikhohlise, le inoveli yakhe yokuqala, yaphela ingumsebenzi we totem, wasiwa kwimovie wafundwa kumazwe amaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. .
Umsebenzi onzulu kunye neemvakalelo ongena kuzo zonke iimoto ezinkulu zomntu, amabhongo kunye nokuthantamisa, ukubola kunye nokuzingca, inzondo kunye nokuphelelwa lithemba, konke oku ngedosi yayo efanelekileyo yokuphelisa ukuba ngumkhukula woluntu ngobuninzi. Ibali losapho kunye notshintsho lwayo. Iminyaka eqaqambileyo edlulileyo kunye neyangoku njenge-echoing ehambelana neepaseji kunye nezithunzi.
Ilifa elihamba ngaphaya kwezinto eziphathekayo, iimfihlakalo kunye namatyala asalindiweyo, ubuzalwana kunye nobuhlobo kwinkampani yenzondo kunye netyala. Yonke into esiyiyo kwisangqa sethu sangaphakathi iphela ibonakalisiwe kule noveli.
Indawo esingqongileyo kwindawo enzulu yeLatin America licebo eliyimfuneko lokuhamba kunye nobomi obunamandla babalinganiswa bayo. Uluntu ekubandezelekeni kwezopolitiko, ubuzwilakhe kunye nenkululeko. Yonke into, le noveli inayo, ngokulula, yonke into. Uhlelo lweminyaka engama-40:
Isiqithi esiphantsi kolwandle
Kwikhoboka eSaint-Domingue ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-XNUMX, uZarité wayenethamsanqa lenkwenkwezi: eneminyaka elithoba wathengiswa kuToulouse Valmorain, umnini-mhlaba osisityebi, kodwa akazange abe namava okuphela kwamasimi kamoba. okanye ukufuthaniselwa nokubandezeleka kwezisila, kuba wayesoloko elikhoboka lasekhaya. Ubuhle bakhe bendalo, amandla omoya kunye nokunyaniseka kwamvumela ukuba abelane ngeemfihlo kunye nokomoya owanceda abantu bakhe ukuba baphile, amakhoboka, kunye nokwazi ukubandezeleka kwabaphathi, abamhlophe.
I-Zarité yaba liziko le-microcosm eyayibonisa ihlabathi lekholoni: inkosi uValmorain, inkosikazi yakhe ebuthathaka yaseSpain kunye nonyana wabo obuthathaka uMaurice, uParmentier osisilumko, indoda yasemkhosini uRelais kunye ne-mulatto courtesan Violette, Tante Rose, the ixhwele, uGambo, ikhoboka elihle lemvukelo ... kunye nabanye abalinganiswa kumlilo okhohlakeleyo onokuthi uphele utshabalalisa umhlaba wabo kwaye ubalahlele kude nawo.
Ukuthatyathwa yinkosi yakhe ukuya eNew Orleans, uZarité waqala inqanaba elitsha apho wayeza kufezekisa umnqweno wakhe omkhulu: inkululeko. Ngaphandle kweentlungu kunye nothando, ukuzithoba kunye nokuzimela, iminqweno yakhe kunye nezo zazibekwe kuye kubo bonke ubomi bakhe, uZarité wayenokucamngca ngaye ngokuzola kwaye agqibe kwelokuba wayenethamsanqa.
Ezinye iincwadi nge Isabel Allende...
Umoya uyalazi igama lam
Imbali iyaziphinda ngemvakalelo yokurhoxa yokuba ukuba asibuyi mva, ubuncinane sibambekile. Ukufunda kwimbali ngoko kubonakala ngathi i-chimera. Kwaye awona mava amangalisayo aphindaphindwa ngokungathi uloyiko oludala luqulunqa i-symphony eqhubekayo yobukho bomntu, ukusuka kwikamva eliqhelekileyo ukuya kumava athile athandwa ngumbhali. Isabel Allende isakhupha ngethemba elifunekayo, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into.
Vienna, 1938. USamuel Adler yinkwenkwe yamaYuda eneminyaka emithandathu ubudala uyise enyamalala ngexesha loBusuku beGlasi ephukile, apho intsapho yakhe ilahlekelwa yiyo yonke into. Umama wakhe ophelelwe lithemba uyamfumana indawo kuloliwe oya kumthatha ukusuka e-Austria yamaNazi ukuya eNgilani. USamuweli uqala isiteji esitsha kunye ne-violin yakhe ethembekileyo kunye nobunzima bokuba nesizungu kunye nokungaqiniseki, okuya kuhlala kuhamba naye ebomini bakhe obude.
E-Arizona, ngo-2019. Kumashumi asibhozo eminyaka kamva, uAnita Díaz oneminyaka esixhenxe ubudala wakhwela omnye uloliwe kunye nomama wakhe ukubaleka ingozi eyayiza kwenzeka e-El Salvador waya elubhacweni eUnited States. Ukufika kwakhe kungqamene nomgaqo-nkqubo omtsha nongayekeleliyo karhulumente owahlukanisa nomama wakhe emdeni. Eyedwa kwaye esoyika, kude nayo yonke into eqhelekileyo kuye, u-Anita ubalekela e-Azabahar, ihlabathi lemilingo elikhoyo kuphela kwingcamango yakhe. Okwangoku, u-Selena Durán, unontlalontle oselula, kunye noFrank Angileri, igqwetha eliphumelelayo, balwela ukudibanisa intombazana kunye nomama wakhe kwaye bamnike ikamva elingcono.
Emoyeni uyayazi igama lam eladlulayo nelangoku lithungelana ukubalisa idrama yokuncothula nentlawulelo yomanyano, uvelwano nothando. Inoveli yangoku emalunga nokuzincama okufuneka maxa wambi bakwenzelwe ngabazali ngenxa yabantwana babo, emalunga namandla amangalisayo abanye abantwana okusinda kugonyamelo ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuphupha, kunye nokunyamezela kwethemba, elinokuqaqamba nokuba sekumnyam’ entla.
Ngaphaya kobusika
Ndinenkumbulo enkulu yale ncwadi ngu Isabel Allende ngeemeko eyayifundwa phantsi kwazo. Kwaye kukuba inyaniso kunye nentsomi azikho zasemzini, nkqu nakwiprism yomfundi apho okwenzekayo kuye kuhambelana nokwenzeka kwinoveli kunye nezinye iimbono kunye nezinye iimbono.
Mhlawumbi enye incwadi edlulileyo inokuhlala kule ndawo yesithathu, kodwa iimeko zilawula kwaye oku kufundwa kugxilwe ngokuzithemba ngaphandle kwemvelaphi, ngethemba ngaphandle kwemiphetho ...
Iyancwina, kwaye ngendlela ejongeka ngoluhlobo kwinoveli, indlela ubumbano lwehlabathi olugqibela ngayo ukuba yintsomi yabantu ngaphandle kwabantu, uhlobo lwesangqa esigqibeleleyo esijikeleze iplanethi, apho into ejikeleza ngokukhululekileyo iyenye into ngaphandle kwabantu.
Ambalwa amazwe athi olawulo lwezoqoqosho, kodwa ngakumbi ithi ukulawula abantu. I-Melika yimbizo yale nto iphikisayo, kwaye apho sidibana nabalinganiswa bale noveli bazimiseleyo, bayinyani kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo banesazela.
Ixesha elide lolwandle
Uninzi lwamabali amnandi, ama-epic kunye notshintsho, aguqukayo kunye nohlaziyo kodwa ahlala engabantu kakhulu, aqala ukusuka kwimfuneko yokunyanzeliswa, imvukelo okanye elubhacweni ukukhusela iinjongo. Phantse yonke into ekufanele ukuba uyixele iyenzeka xa umntu ethatha esiya enzonzobileni ukuze abone ngokucacileyo ukuba yonke into iziva ifanelekile ngakumbi ngenkxaso yoloyiso olunokwenzeka. Awungekhe uphile ngaphezu kobomi obunye, njengoko senditshilo IKundera Ngendlela yakhe yokuchaza ubukho bethu njengomzobo womsebenzi ongenanto. Kodwa ngokuchasene nobukrelekrele baseCzech kancinci, kusekho ubungqina babakhenkethi abakhulu ngexesha lokumiselwa, kwaye nentlekele, njengendlela yokuphila ngamandla kangangokuba kubonakala ngathi umntu uphinda kabini ubuncinci.
Kwaye kule nto akabekanga nto ngaphezulu kwaye akukho nto ingaphantsi Isabel Allende, efumana kwakhona umntu wakowabo uNeruda, owathi akubona ichweba laseValparaíso kunye namawaka abathinjwa baseSpain kufutshane neendawo zabo ezitsha eziza kwakhiwa, wabhala lo mbono njengo: "loo ntyatyambo ende yolwandle nekhephu."
Yile nto ine-epic yokusinda. Ukufika eValparaiso ngo-1939, evela eSpain woyiswa nguFranco, ekucingelwa ukuba yayingumsebenzi ogqityiweyo wembongi. Ngaphezulu kwama-2.000 XNUMX abantu baseSpain baqukumbela uhambo oluya kwithemba apho, bekhululwe kuloyiko lobuzwilakhe olwaluqala ukuvela phakathi konxweme lweAtlantic neMeditera.
Abo bakhethelwe ingxelo ka-Allende ngu-Victor Dalamu no-Roser Bruguera. Siqala naye ukuhamba kwidolophu encinci yaseFrance iPauillac esikhwele isikhephe sentsomi eyayiseWinnipeg.
Kodwa ayisiyiyo yonke into elula, ukubaleka okuyimfuneko kwimvelaphi yakho kuvelisa ukuncothula naphi na apho uya khona. Kwaye ngaphandle kolwamkelo oluhle eChile (ngokungathandabuzi kwabo kumacandelo athile, ewe), uVictor noRaser baziva ngathi ubomi abupheli baphulukana namawaka eekhilomitha. Ubomi bababalinganiswa abaphambili kunye nekamva leChile elalikhe lafumana uxinzelelo kwihlabathi eligwetyelwe iMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, ungquzulwano apho iChile yayizakuphelela ekubeni manzi, inyanzeliswa luxinzelelo lwaseMelika. I-Chile eyayisele ihluphekile kwi-World War yokuqala, isatshatyalaliswa yinyikima yaloo 1939.
Indima yabathinjwa yaba yeyokwexeshana kwaye kungekudala kwafuneka bazifunele ubomi obutsha. Umqobo wokuphulukana nemvelaphi uhlala unobunzima. Kodwa nje ukuba isiza esitsha sifunyenwe, okufanayo kuyaqala ukubonwa ngokungaqhelekanga okunokwaphula macala omabini.
Violet
I-Violeta iza emhlabeni ngomhla woqhwithela ngo-1920, umntwana wokuqala kusapho lwabantakwabo abahlanu abanengxolo. Kwasekuqaleni ubomi bakhe buya kuphawulwa ngeziganeko ezingaqhelekanga, njengoko amaza othusayo eMfazwe Enkulu esaziva xa umkhuhlane waseSpain ufikelela kunxweme lwelizwe lakhe laseMzantsi Merika, phantse ngalo mzuzu kanye wokuzalwa kwakhe.
Ngombulelo kwi-clairvoyance katata, usapho luza kuphuma lungaphazamiseki kule ngxaki luze lujongane nolutsha, xa ukudodobala okukhulu kuphazamisa ubomi obuhle basezidolophini obaziwa nguVioleta ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Usapho lwakhe luza kuphulukana nayo yonke into kwaye kuya kunyanzeleka ukuba luthathe umhlala-phantsi kwindawo engenabuntu nelikude kweli lizwe. Apho uVioleta uza kufika ebudaleni kwaye uya kuba nesimangalo sakhe sokuqala ...
Kwileta eyayisiya kumntu amthandayo ngaphezu kwabo bonke abanye, uVioleta ukhumbula ukuphoxeka kothando nothando olunothando, amaxesha endlala kunye nokuchuma, ilahleko ezoyikekayo kunye nolonwabo olukhulu. Ezinye zeziganeko ezikhulu kwimbali ziya kubumba ubomi bakhe: umzabalazo wamalungelo abasetyhini, ukunyuka nokuwa koozwilakhe, kwaye ekugqibeleni ayisiyiyo enye, kodwa zimbini iindyikitya zokufa.
Ubonwa ngamehlo omfazi onothando olungalibalekiyo, ukuzimisela kunye noburharha obumgcinayo kubomi obunesiphithiphithi, Isabel Allende isinika, kwakhona, intsomi ekhuthazayo nenzulu ngokweemvakalelo.
Abafazi bomphefumlo wam
Ukwazi ngentliziyo indlela eya kumthombo wokhuthazo, Isabel Allende kulo msebenzi ujika kwi-gibberish ekhoyo yokuvuthwa apho sonke sibuyela kwinto eyenze ubuwena. Into endibetha njengendalo kwaye ngexesha elililo, ngokudibana nodliwanondlebe endikhe ndalifunda ngo-Isabel apho bekukho uvakalelo lwelo nxunguphalo luthandekayo, lokulangazelela oko kuphela Ababhali beprose abanesipho sika-Allende sika-lyrical banokuthothiswa kwiinoveli, kwi-autobiographies okanye olo hlobo lwe-hybrid umntu ngamnye aluzuzayo xa ebalisa ngobomi bakhe.
Ngalo msebenzi, umbhali utshintshe esinye sezihloko zakhe ngoku sithanda ukubulela kuthotho lwegama elithi "Inés del alma mía" kwaye asikhokelele kumbono ohambelana noka-Inés ngokwakhe efumanisa kwakhona umhlaba, umhlaba omtsha. Ngenxa yokuba umbono wombhali kufuneka usoloko ujonge kwiihorizon ezintsha, ezibonelelwa lixesha ngalinye.
Isabel Allende untywila kwinkumbulo yakhe kwaye usinika incwadi enika umdla ngobudlelwane bakhe nobufazi kunye nenyani yokuba ngumfazi, ngelixa ebanga ukuba ubomi bomntu omdala kufuneka buphile, buvezwe kwaye bonwabele ngamandla apheleleyo.
En Abafazi bomphefumlo wam Umbhali omkhulu wase-Chile usimema ukuba simkhaphe kolu hambo lobuqu kunye nolweemvakalelo apho ajonga kwakhona unxibelelwano lwakhe lobufazi ukusuka ebuntwaneni ukuza kuthi ga ngoku. Ukhumbula abanye babafazi ababalulekileyo ebomini bakhe, njengePanchita yakhe ekudala ilindelwe, uPaula okanye iarhente uCarmen Balcells; kubabhali abafanelekileyo abanjengoVirginia Woolf okanye uMargaret Atwood; kubazobi abancinci abakhulisa imvukelo yesizukulwana sabo okanye, phakathi kwabanye abaninzi, kwabo bafazi bangaziwayo bahlelwe bubundlobongela kwaye, bezele isidima kunye nesibindi, baphakama baya phambili ...
Ngabo abo bamkhuthaza kakhulu kwaye bemkhapha kakhulu ebomini bakhe: ngabafazi bomphefumlo. Okokugqibela, ukwabonisa intshukumo ye- # MeToo- ayayixhasa kwaye ayibhiyozele-, kwiziphithiphithi zentlalo ezisandula ukwenzeka kwilizwe lakhe lokuzalwa kwaye, kunjalo, kwimeko entsha esijamelene nayo nobhubhane. Konke oku ngaphandle kokuphulukana nothando olungathandabuzekiyo ngobomi kunye nokunyanzelisa ukuba, nokuba ungakanani na, kuhlala kukho ixesha lothando.
Enkosi ngokwabelana ngayo yonke le misebenzi imangalisayo yombhali omkhulu Isabel Allende.
Gracias