Kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-XNUMX, kwakukho ababhali ababini baseYurophu ababephumelele emagqabini, omnye wayenguye UThomas Mann kwaye enye bendiyizisa kule ndawo namhlanje: UHermann Hesse. Bobabini babengamaJamani kwaye Bobabini bahamba loo ndlela ikrakra besiya kwilizwe langaphandle ababemjongile ngokungaqhelekanga.
Kwaye ukusuka kuloo kuhlukana babekwazi ukunika i-existentialist, i-fatalistic, uncwadi olumangalisayo, kodwa kwangaxeshanye ukulungiswa kwengcamango yokuba ukusinda kwezinto ezimbi kunokukhokelela kwinkululeko kunye neyona nto inyanisekileyo yolonwabo.
Kungenzeka njani ukuba kungenjalo, bagqibela ngokuba ngabahlobo kwimvumi yabo yoyilo. Kwaye ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi bagqibela ngokutyisana ukuze babhale eminye yemisebenzi yabo emihle.
Iincwadana ezi-3 ezicetyiswayo nguHermann Hesse
Ingcungcu inyathela
Isikweko esimangalisayo sokusazisa ebantwini ekukhangeleni ezona zinto zisisiseko kuye. Ingcuka yayijoja umkhenkce. Ihlabathi luhlobo lwenkqantosi enomkhenkce apho wonke umntu ejonge indlela yokuphila kwiimeko ezixhaphakileyo (masikhumbule ubomi balo mbhali, ukusuka kwiMfazwe yokuQala ukuya kwiMfazwe yesibini yeHlabathi, kunye nexesha lakhe eliphakathi kunye nemililo yakhe yasemva ... Akukho nto).
Isishwankathelo: Ingcuka ye-steppe yenye yezona zifundo zothusayo kwaye ihlala ikhunjulwa ngabo bayenzayo. Kwelinye icala, ibali eli libalisayo luhambo olumangalisayo loloyiko, iintlungu kunye noloyiko olugwetyelwe umntu wangoku.
Kodwa kwelinye icala, ubuchwephesha bokubaliswa kukaHesse bufikelela kuvuthondaba lwale noveli, kuba ngokudityaniswa kwamazwi abalisayo kunye neendawo zokujonga, isinika ubungakanani bomlingiswa ozama ukuhlala ngaphandle kweendibano zentlalo.
Ngokuqinisekileyo umsebenzi apho igama likaHesse lidibene kakhulu. Incwadi ka-Hessian isoloko ingumnyhadala, kwaye imbonakalo yakutshanje yeeNdaba eziBalulekileyo, nayo epapashwe e-Edhasa, yamkelwe ngokufudumeleyo ngabagxeki.
Mhlawumbi phakathi kwezinto ezizodwa malunga nale noveli kukuba ngumsebenzi ofundwa ngokubanzi ngabakwishumi elivisayo, ofumanisa indlela enzima yokujongana noluntu, ubudlelwane bezothando kunye nokufa. Kuqwalaselwa njengomsebenzi wobugcisa wombhali omkhulu.
Phantsi kweevili
Indawo yokuqala kaHesse ukuya kuthi ga kwinoveli. Ukusuka kuye umntu unokulindela umbhali othembekileyo, nethemba. Ibali malunga nolutsha, amandla, iinjongo kunye nokugwetywa kokugqibela kwabo bonke abafuna ukutshabalalisa yonke into esenza sibe ngabantu abakrelekrele.
Isishwankathelo: Ukuzonwabisa okumangalisayo kwihlabathi lokufikisa, kodwa kunye nesityholo esiqatha ngokuchasene neenkqubo zemfundo ezibekwe kwiindleko zokucinga kunye nokukhulisa ngokuhambelana amandla oMoya, oMvakalelo kunye noMzimba.
Ukwahlulwa kwisimo sobuntwana bakhe kunye nokunyanzelwa ngabazali nootitshala ukuba balungiselele nzima ukungena kwiseminari, uHans Giebenrath ekugqibeleni uyayiphumeza injongo yakhe, kodwa ngexabiso eliphezulu lokuqala ukuphulukana nobuntununtunu kwaye, kamva, ulungelelwano lweemvakalelo zakhe. Ngaphandle kokuba ngumsebenzi wolutsha, inomdla kubo bonke abo banomdla kumsebenzi kaHesse.
umdlalo weabalors
Ngokwahlukileyo, kukwanomdla ukufumanisa le, yeyona ncwadi yokugqibela kaHesse. Inoveli ephazamisayo ngokwenyani kodwa eqaqambileyo, ezaliswe luhlobo lombono opheleleyo wehlabathi, kunye nobubhanxa balo kunye nemvakalelo yomxube wexesha elidlulileyo nelizayo njengekuphela kwesiphelo somntu ogwetyelwe ukuphinda abone izono zakhe kunye nempumelelo yakhe.
Isishwankathelo: Ecaleni kwengqokelela yeengcinga zakhe malunga nemeko yomntu kunye nokudalwa koncwadi, kunye nebhulorho eyakhiwe phakathi kobuhle bexesha lakhe kunye nokuzibophelela kokulandelayo, Umdlalo wamaso kukubonakaliswa kweplastiki kombono wemileniyali uhlala thaca kwiinoveli nakwizincoko zakhe.
Kubhalwe ukuba ngumbhali ongaziwayo we-Castalia wasentsomini malunga nonyaka wama-2400, lo msebenzi ujikeleza kumdlalo ongaqhelekanga othatha kuwo isihloko sawo, kubandakanya konke okuqulathiweyo kunye neenqobo zenkcubeko, nokunxulumana nokufika koBukumkani besiThathu umoya, umanyano lwawo onke amaxesha omntu.
Ezinye ezicetyiswayo iiNoveli zikaHerman Hesse
uSiddhārtha
Le noveli, ebekwe kwiIndiya yemveli, ibalisa ngobomi bukaSiddhartha, indoda edlula kuyo indlela yenyaniso ngokulahlwa nokuqonda umanyano olusisiseko sayo yonke into ekhoyo. Kumaphepha ayo, umbhali unika zonke iinketho zomoya zomntu.
UHermann Hesse ujonge emphefumlweni waseMpuma ukuze azise imiba yawo emihle kuluntu lwethu. I-Siddhartha ngumsebenzi omele kakhulu wale nkqubo kwaye ube nempembelelo enkulu kwinkcubeko yaseNtshona kwi-XNUMXth inkulungwane.
