Kukho ababhali abazifihla emva kwemisebenzi yabo emihle. Yimeko ye Aldous Huxley. Umhlaba owonwabileyo, eyapapashwa ngowe-1932, kodwa enophawu olungaphelelwa lixesha, ngulo mbhalo wobugcisa ngamnye awuqondayo aze awuxabise. A Inoveli yamabali e-transcendental yesayensi egxila kwezentlalo nakwezopolitiko, ngokwembono esele ifunyenwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yama-20 malunga nokuba impucuko yabantu ingaba yintoni na ngenxa yokwanda kwemibutho yayo yentlalontle kunye nokungafikelelekiyo kuninzi lwamalungu ayo.
Ukufaneleka komntu kwimigaqo yokuziphatha ekhoyo, kuwiso-mthetho olufanelekileyo nakwiinkqubo ezicetywayo zombutho kuhlala kunzima. Umntu, uhlala ephikisana nendalo, akanako ukuzithoba kwimimiselo esisigxina, ngaphandle kokuba iinkokeli zikwazi ukuphumeza umphumo, inkohliso, iqhinga lokusithobela sonke.
Kwaye emva kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ababhali abanjengoHuxley ngokwakhe okanye George Orwell baphakamise into ababeyilindele kwikamva le-dystopi, bephantsi kwendaba kunye neposi yenyani. Kule mihla, hayi ngokufuthi siyazibhaqa sibhaptiziwe kwilixa elizayo elileli lethu langoku, elifikelelwa njengesiprofeto esizimeleyo esizivelisayo esivezwe ngababhali abanjengaba babini bangaphambili kunye nabanye abaye bangena nzulu kwinzululwazi yezopolitiko.
Iinoveli ezi-3 ezibalulekileyo zika-Aldous Huxley
Umhlaba owonwabileyo
Ayinakuba ngenye indlela. Kwindawo yokuqala kuluhlu lwalo mbhali kwaye mhlawumbi kuyo nayiphi na indawo ebanzi kancinane yoncwadi lwenkulungwane yama-20. Ukuba uziva ukhathazekile, thatha idosi yesoma kwaye ulungise ukucinga kwakho kulonwabo olunikezelwa yinkqubo.
Ukuba awukwazi ukuzizalisekisa kwihlabathi elixhomeke kubuntu, thatha idosi ephindwe kabini yesoma kwaye umhlaba uyakukugqibela ukukwamkela ngephupha eliqaqambileyo lokwahlukana. Ulonwabo aluzange lube yiyo nayiphi na into ngaphandle kohlengahlengiso lweekhemikhali. Yonke into eyenzekayo ejikeleze wena sisicwangciso ngokubanzi esinokuqikelelwa kunye nezikhokelo ezisisiseko phakathi kwestoicism, nihilism kunye nehemical hedonism ...
Incwadana ichaza ihlabathi apho iziganeko ezimbi kakhulu zenzeke ekugqibeleni: oothixo bokusetyenziswa kunye nokuthuthuzela ukunqoba, kwaye i-orb ihlelwe kwiindawo ezilishumi ezikhuselekileyo nezizinzileyo. Nangona kunjalo, eli lizwe liye lancama amaxabiso abalulekileyo, kwaye abahlali balo baphinde bazalwa kwi-vitro ngokomfanekiselo womda wendibano.
Isiqithi
Umbono oqhushumbayo weLizwe eliNtsha eliBukroti, umboniso walo ongaqhelekanga kunye nefuthe elimangalisayo loluntu kufuneka uhlale ufakiwe kwingcinga yombhali. Ukuphinda ujonge umsebenzi omkhulu akunakuba lula, ngoko kungcono ukunganikezeli kulo mbono. Kodwa u-Huxley, ngomoya omhle, wacinga ukubhala malunga ne-utopia enokoyisa i-dystopia yomsebenzi wakhe omkhulu.
Isiqithi simele ilizwe elinokubakho apho abantu banokuzizalisekisa kwaye bonwabe ngala maxesha apho ubomi busivumela ukuba sonwabe, ngelixa ukufunda kunye nobulumko bunokufunyanwa kulusizi. Ibhalansi yokuziqonda ngokwakho. Nangona ngenene, esona umntu ongenamdla kodwa engenangqiqo, uHuxley ukwacacisile kule noveli ukuba umngcipheko uhlala ukho.
Kwisiqithi sasePali, kwiPasifiki yentelekelelo, umcholacholi weendaba uWill Farnaby ufumanisa inkolo entsha, uqoqosho olutsha lwezolimo, ibhayoloji yolingelo emangalisayo, nothando olungaqhelekanga lobomi. Umva othe ngqo weLizwe elitsha elinobukroti kunye neLizwe elitsha elinoBukroti, esi siqithi sizisa kunye zonke iingcinga kunye neenkxalabo zika-Aldous Huxley ongasekhoyo, ngokungathandabuzekiyo ongomnye wababhali abanesibindi nabanomdla benkulungwane yama-20.
Ukusuka koku kungafaniyo, ukubonakaliswa kwamaxabiso aqulathwe yi-Farnaby, yehlabathi laseNtshona, ngokulula kufunyanwa kwaye kuyababuza. Incoko phakathi kwesi siqithi singaqhelekanga kunye nehlabathi laseNtshona libalaselisa, ngaphezulu kwako konke, ubomi baseNtshona kunye nemingcipheko oku kubandakanya abantu.
Ixesha malime
Kukho ubomi obuninzi eHuxley kuneFiction yeSayensi. Ndiyakholelwa ngokwenene ukuba wonke umbhali wentsomi yenzululwazi uphela engumntu onokuba sisithandi sobulumko esibeka iingqikelelo malunga nabantu emhlabeni. Kuba eneneni, umhlaba, icosmos, yinto esingayaziyo ngokupheleleyo, kwaye iFiction yeSayensi ihlala ijongana nezinto ezingaziwayo.
Kungenxa yoko le nto kule meko, sifumanisa umsebenzi oqaqambileyo emntwini, ukukhula kwawo, ukufunda kwakhe kunye nelizwe eliphambili elenziwe yimpucuko yethu. USebastian Barnac uneminyaka elishumi elinesixhenxe ubudala. Uneentloni kakhulu, ulutsha oluthandekayo olunomphefumlo wembongi, okhuthaza uthando kunye nothando ngeempawu zakhe zobuntwana. Ngenye ihlobo uhamba waya e-Itali kwaye ngelo xesha imfundo yakhe iya kuqala.
U-Bruno Rontini, umthengisi weencwadi onenzondelelo omfundisa ngezinto zokomoya, kunye noMalume u-Eustace, omazisa kulonwabo lobomi, uya kuba ngootitshala bakhe. Kodwa konke oku kusisizathu sokuba uAldous Huxley enze umsebenzi oya phambili kakhulu: inoveli yezimvo, inoveli yabalinganiswa, uhlalutyo lwembali yomntu kunye nohambo oluya kwinto engaziwayo; inoveli etyhila indlela yokuziphatha kwabantu de, kwi-epilogue, ibonisa, kwangaxeshanye, bonke ubukhulu bayo kunye nalo lonke usizi lwayo.
Ukuqala ukupapashwa ngo-1944 kwaye kuthathelwa ingqalelo nguHuxley ngokwakhe njengeyona ncwadana yakhe ibalaseleyo, iTime Must Stop yinxalenye yeevesi zikaShakespeare ezibhiyozelwayo kwaye, ukusuka kwifestile ebangel 'umdla kuluntu lwesiNgesi lwama-XNUMX, sichukumisekile ngobukrelekrele bukaHuxley. kodwa kananjalo, kwaye ngaphezu kwako konke, kuphando lwakhe olumangalisayo lokuphikisana nefilosofi yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX, ubunjani bokwenyani bentlungu, ithemba kunye nexesha.
