Ezona ncwadi zi-3 zibalaseleyo nguMarguerite Yourcenar

Bambalwa ababhali abaziwayo abenze i-pseudonym igama labo elisemthethweni, ngaphaya kwesiko okanye usetyenziso oludumileyo olusebenzela injongo yentengiso, okanye emele ukuziguqula ukuba umbhali abe ngumntu owahlukileyo. Kwindaba ye I-crayencour yaseMarguerite, Ukusetyenziswa kwegama lakhe eline-anagramm elisuswayo, nje ukuba abekwe esweni e-United States ngo-1947, kwisikhundla esisemthethweni se-Yourcenar esaziwa ngoku lihlabathi.

Phakathi kwe-anecdotal kunye nesiseko, le nyani yalatha kutshintsho olukhululekileyo phakathi komntu kunye nombhali. Kuba I-crayencour yaseMarguerite, ezinikele kuncwadi kuyo yonke imbonakalo yayo; umphandi weeleta ezivela kwimvelaphi yazo yamandulo; kunye namandla akhe aphuphumayo obukrelekrele ngokubhekisele kwi-erudition elandelwayo kwifomu nakwizinto, wayehlala eshukuma ngokuzimisela nangokuzinikela okungaguqukiyo kuncwadi njengendlela yobomi nanjengejelo kunye nobungqina obusisiseko bomntu kwimbali.

Uqeqesho loncwadi oluzifundisayo, oluqhelekileyo lomfazi ulutsha olungqamene neMfazwe Enkulu, ukukhathazeka kwakhe ngokwasengqondweni kukhuthazwe kumfanekiso kayise. Ngemvelaphi yayo yeengcungcu, yabethwa yimbambano yokuqala enkulu yase-Yurobhu, umzali katata ongumlimi wavumela ukuxhotyiswa kwale ntombazana ineziphiwo.

Ngemihla yakhe yokuqala njengombhali (kwiminyaka yakhe yamashumi amabini wayesele ebhale iinoveli yakhe yokuqala) wenza lo msebenzi uhambelana nokuguqulela ababhali abakhulu beAnglo-Saxon njengabakhe kwisiFrentshi sakhe. I-Virginia Woolf o UHenry James.

Kwaye inyani kukuba ebomini bakhe bonke, waqhubeka nalo msebenzi ubini wokukhulisa indalo yakhe okanye ukuhlangula isiFrentshi kwezona zinto zibalulekileyo phakathi kwezakudala zamaGrike okanye nayiphi na enye indalo eyayihlasela kuhambo lwakhe oluqhelekileyo.

Umsebenzi kaMarguerite uthathelwa ingqalelo njengoluhlu lwemisebenzi, ezele bubulumko ngohlobo olunobunkunkqele njengokukhanyisa. Iinoveli, imibongo okanye amabali alo mbhali waseFrance adibanisa ifom eqaqambileyo kunye nemvelaphi eguqukayo.

Ukwamkelwa konke ukuzinikezela kwakhe kwavela nokuvela kwakhe njengowesifazane wokuqala ukungena kwiFrench Academy, emva phayaa ngo-1980.

Iincwadi ezi-3 eziphezulu eziCetyiswayo nguMarguerite Yourcenar

Iinkumbulo zikaHadrian

Injongo yayikukudala uhlobo lwephepha-ndaba elandlalwe ngezavenge kwiphephancwadi iLa Table Ronde.

Uluvo lokuba, enkosi kwintetho ebabazekayo yebali lomlawuli owayesazi olona zuko lukhulu kubukhosi baseRoma, wathimba inkitha yabafundi waphela sele eyincwadi yenoveli exabisekileyo kwiminyaka ethile kamva. Ukufunda le ncwadi yinto ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa.

Ukusuka kobuqaqawuli obukhulu bomntu ukuya kwiidrive ezisisiseko, yonke into inokufundwa ngamanqaku afanayo omphefumlo womntu ekwabelwana ngawo ekugqibeleni.

Ayisiyo malunga nokugcwala kwi-epic okanye kwiintsomi zomntu okude kufutshane neentsomi zamaRoma, inoveli ibeka useto olugqibeleleyo kodwa ikwangena nakwizinto ezikhuthazayo zabantu, bekhwela kwiimpikiswano zabo kwaye boyise izigqibo ezibakhokelayo.

Kwaye, ikamva elenza imihla yethu isuke kweyona mlinganiswa idumileyo ukuya kwezona zibalaseleyo ezingaziwayo, ezenza ukuba le noveli ibe luvelwano lokufunda olusenza sihlale entliziyweni nasengqondweni yabona kumkani bakhulu. AmaSpanishi.

U-Alexis okanye umxholo wokulwa okungenamsebenzi

Amaxesha amaninzi kwenzeka ukuba kwingxelo emfutshane sifumana iigugu ezinokufundwa ngaxeshanye kwaye, nangona kunjalo, zishiya incasa zomsebenzi omkhulu ngohlobo lwazo lokudibanisa. Akululanga ukungena ezinzulwini ukusuka kwinkcazo emfutshane, ngaphandle kokuba sidibana nombhali ovela kwicandelo likaMarguerite.

Kwimeko yayo epistolary, le noveli imfutshane ijongana nomxholo wothando olukhululwe kakhulu ngexesha apho inkululeko kule ndawo yayivakala njengengoma yabantu. Ngumfazi kuphela, osoloko esemzabalazweni kunye nokuthethelelwa, onokuthi ajongane nomsebenzi ophandleko wokwenyani wothando kuyo yonke imiphetho.

UAlexis ubhalela umfazi wakhe ukuba acacise yonke into malunga nomphefumlo wakhe, yonke into awayehlala eyingcwaba phakathi kwamasiko kunye nokuziphatha. Ubungqina bakho obubhaliweyo buhlawulisa ixabiso lokukhululwa kwakho kobungqina. Umzabalazo womntu nesiqu sakhe ngowona mlo mbi kwaye usalwelwa ngokuzithemba kakhulu namhlanje.

Ayikokujolisa eburheletyweni njengendawo yokuhlalisana, kuphela kulwamkelo lweforam yangaphakathi yomntu ngamnye, ekunikezelweni kwe-ecce homo esikuyo sonke, sichanabeke kwizinto ezilindelweyo ngathi ngokwethu ngokusekelwe kwiindima.

Incwadana emfutshane echaneka ngokufutshane ngobunono bayo ilungiselela ulwimi ekuqondeni okunzulu. Enye yezo zixhobo zincinci apho wonke umntu kufuneka afunde ukuze aziqonde kwaye aziqonde.

Ukudibana kobabalo

Incwadana emfutshane eyaziwayo kamva «Ingxelo yokufa eyaxelwa kwangaphambili» kuqhubeka kulo mgca ukuba unesiphelo esicacileyo sokuba, ngaphandle kwayo yonke into, sitsalela ngamandla ingqalelo yethu kuphuhliso lwayo lwangaphambili. Ibali lokuhlala kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo u-Eric, uConrad kunye noSophie, njengoothixo abenze abafundi abanolwazi.

Kuphela, nkqu noThixo ngokwakhe akazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphambili, ngelo xesha lenkululeko yokuzikhethela esele inikwe kwaye iqulethe umphefumlo ngamnye womntu kuphuhliso olupheleleyo kude kube yintlekele ekugqibeleni ebhala ukuphela kwayo yonke into.

Kwaye uthando luyindawo egqibeleleyo yophuhliso lwenkululeko yobukho. Uyilo lothando alunakuchazwa ukuba iimvakalelo zivunyelwe ukuba zitshintshwe, ngakumbi xa iimeko zihlala zikhomba ekungenakwenzeka kolona thando lukhululekileyo.