Omnye wababhali besiNgesi abaziwayo namhlanje Ian McEwan. Imveliso yakhe yenoveli (uye wema njengombhali wesikrini okanye umbhali wemidlalo) usinika umbono wokuzonwabisa womphefumlo, ngokuchasene kwawo kunye nezigaba zawo eziguquguqukayo. Amabali malunga nobuntwana okanye uthando, kodwa kwizihlandlo ezininzi nge inqaku lokugqwetha okuphelela ekubambeni umfundi kubunyani bayo, kwintetho yayo engaqhelekanga, ekuthetheleleni kokungaqhelekanga njengenxalenye yethu esingaphaya kokubonakala kunye neendibano.
Okoko u-Ian McEwan wapapasha incwadi yakhe yokuqala yamabali amafutshane emva kowe-1975, incasa yoncwadi olungelulo oluhamba kunye naye ngalo lonke ixesha, ekugqibeleni wenza ithala leencwadi esele lineencwadi ezingamashumi amabini.
Ukongeza, ukwanomdla kwizindululo zabantwana, kunye nenqaku lokufunda elithandekayo ukusukela ebusheni okanye ebusheni, okanye ukufumana amanqaku amatsha ebudaleni, uhlala ehambisa umkhondo onomdla wobuntu.
Iincwadana ezi-3 eziPhakanyisiweyo ezi-Ian McEwan
Iphela
Ukuqala kwenoveli akuyi kushiya nawuphi na umfundi ongenamdla, kuba kukuchazwa kwakhona kwesiqalo esidumileyo se-Kafka's Metamorphosis. Kulapha kuphela imigaqo eguqulweyo kwaye sifumana i-cockroach ethi ngenye imini, xa ivuka, ifumanise ukuba ibe ngumntu omkhulu, ngakumbi iNkulumbuso yase-United Kingdom, egama linguJim Sams. Kwaye kuvela ukuba akuyena kuphela i-cockroach eguqulelwe kwipolitiki ehamba kwiindawo eziphezulu.
Inkulumbuso icela abantu ukuba bazibeke ngaphezu kwayo yonke into kunye naye wonke umntu: abachasi, abachasi beqela lakhe kunye nePalamente kunye neyona mithetho isisiseko yedemokhrasi. Isicwangciso sakhe seflegi kukusebenzisa ithiyori yezoqoqosho engenangqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi "reversionism", ingcinga yakhe eqaqambileyo kukutshintsha indlela yokuhamba kwemali, ukuze umntu ahlawule emsebenzini aze afumane imali yokuthenga. Ifomula yomlingo efanele ukusombulula zonke iingxaki ...
UMcEwan ubhenela eKafka ukubonisa into eyinyani esele ineKafkaesque eninzi ngokwayo, kodwa isalathiso esikhulu emva kwesatire yakhe enoburhalarhume nguJonathan Swift, enye yeenkosi kubugcisa bokusebenzisa uburharha ukuqaqambisa ubudenge kwaye silwe. Ngenxa yokudideka kunye nomsindo, uMcEwan ubhale incwadi engxamisekileyo, enamandla kunye neyoyikekayo egxeka ukuthotywa komgangatho owothusayo wodidi lwezopolitiko kunye neengozi ezibandakanya oku.
Amsterdam
Abathandi ababuhlungu bakaMolly Lane babizelwe ekufeni komfazi okhululiweyo. Bangamadoda amane ayemthanda ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo ebomini bakhe.
Ukusuka kumashumi amathandathu anamageza apho ulutsha lwakhe olukhululekileyo lwadala ubudlelwane phakathi komfi kunye noClive njengemvumi esakhulayo kunye noVernon umfana othethayo oza kugqiba ngokuqhuba iphephandaba, ngomtshato wakhe noGeorge Lane, enye yeentlobo Esisityebi kweli lizwe ade ayokuphela kuJulian Garmony, umntu ophethe ngesandla sasekunene ongafanelekanga kwiingcinga zabathandi bokuqala bolutsha.
Kuze kube yilapho uGeorge Lane ebeka konke ... Yintoni umyeni kaMolly adlulisela eVernon njengentatheli yibhombu yokwenyani. UGarmony, phantsi kwembonakalo yakhe njengendoda ehloniphekileyo yelungelo elilondolozayo, wayebonakala ekwabelana ngemidlalo engamanyala kunye noMolly ngoku, ebonwa kwisifinyezo, eguqula yonke into ibe yibhombu ...
Izifundo
Amehlo womlinganiswa, ngakumbi ukuba ungumntwana, ujongene neenguqu, ukungazinzi kunye nokuguquka kwehlabathi kuxhomekeke kwi-vagaries yamabhongo omntu, phantse akazange abe nobubele, phantse ahlala eyimfama. Le yindlela abantwana abafunda ngayo malunga neenqobo zethiyori. Ukuchasana kwezifundo eziza kufundwa ukuba ube ngumntu oluncedo ... Ngaphezu koko xa umntu eshiywe yedwa ngaphambi kwexesha labo kwaye kufuneka enze izigqibo ezingafanelekanga ngokucacileyo kodwa ezihlala zinobuchule ukwenza ubukho bulungelelaniso obungazinzanga phakathi komntwana kunye umntu omdala.
Njengomntwana, abazali bakaRoland Baines bamthumela esikolweni sokubhoda. Apho, kude nokhuseleko losapho, wathatha izifundo zepiyano kunye nomfundisi-ntsapho oselula ogama linguMiriam Cornell, awafumana kuye amava abangel’ umdla nabuhlungu ngokulinganayo, awayeza kuphawula ubomi bakhe ngonaphakade. Iminyaka, nangona kunjalo, idlulile: U-Roland uye wahamba, wahlala kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo, watshata waza waba nomntwana. Kodwa xa umfazi wakhe, u-Alissa Eberhardt, emshiya ngaphandle kokunika nayiphi na inkcazo, iziseko zenyaniso yakhe ziyagubha, kwaye unyanzelekile ukuba akhe kwakhona zonke iinkumbulo zakhe ukuze azame ukuqonda okwenzekayo.
Ukususela ebuntwaneni bakhe e-Tripoli, apho uyise wasemkhosini wayemi khona ngaphambi kokuba intsapho ibuyele eNgilani, ubomi bukaRoland buphawulwa ngeziganeko ezinkulu zeminyaka engamashumi asixhenxe edlulileyo: ingxaki yaseSuez, imijukujelwa yaseCuba, ukuwa koDonga lwaseBerlin, eChernobyl, Brexit, ubhubhani...
Imveliso yexesha lakhe, umntwana wexesha lasemva kwemfazwe, ubukho bakhe buhamba ngokuhambelana nokuphazamiseka kwesiqingatha sesibini sekhulu lama-XNUMX kunye nokuqala kwe-XNUMX. Unyana wokuqala, ngoko umthandi, umyeni, uyise kunye notatomkhulu, uBaines utsiba ukusuka komnye umsebenzi ukuya komnye, uyazi ngesondo, iziyobisi, ubuhlobo kunye nokungaphumeleli. Yaye ngoxa ethandabuza indlela ubomi bakhe obuhamba ngayo, oko kwenzeka kumfundisi-ntsapho kusaqhubeka kumkhathaza.
U-Ian McEwan ubhale eyona noveli yakhe inde kwaye mhlawumbi enebhongo, emva kweNtlawulo kunye neminye imisebenzi ephawulwe yimbali kunye neenguqu zayo ezifana neChesil Beach okanye i-Operation Sweet. Izifundo yingxelo eguqukayo emalunga nomlinganiswa ozama ukwenza intsingiselo yobomi bakhe kwihlabathi eliguqukayo neliphazamisayo.
Ezinye iincwadi ezicetyiswayo ngu-Ian McEwan
Igadi yeSamente
Ukuba kukho ixesha apho umntu afuna igunya likayise okanye lomama elikwishumi elivisayo. Andithethi nto ngeyona nto iphambili yokuphila anokubonelelwa nawuphina umntu omdala.
Endaweni yokuba imalunga nokumisa ukusasazeka okuqhelekileyo kotshintsho ekubeni ngumntu omdala, kuba kungenjalo inokwenzeka njengakubantwana abafaka inkwenkwezi kweli bali. Xa utata eswelekile kwaye umama eguqulwe sisifo esinganyangekiyo, sijonga indlela amakhwenkwe alitshintsha ngayo ilizwe labo elitsha ukuba lihambelane neziganeko zabo.
Umbalisi, ongenguye omnye wabantwana, usicacisela ngokulula kwalowo ungafumani mida, ukuvuka kwakhe kwihlabathi elingenakubonakala kubo bonke.
Nangona ngandlela thile, uluvo lokuxhomekeka komntu nalo lunokuchithwa, angakwazi ukuzikhusela ngesizathu sakhe esinamandla, ngaphandle kokunikezela kweyona migibe sikrelekrele ngayo.
Emafini
Enye yezo ncwadi enofundo oluphindwe kabini endikhe ndakhankanya ngaphambili. Uhlobo lokubuyela umva lomntu omdala kwiparadesi ethile yobuntwana.
Singena ezicathulweni zikaPeter Fortune, oqala ngebali lakhe ukusukela kwiminyaka ye-10, ixesha apho umbono wakhe ophuphumayo wamkhokelela kwezona zinto zibalaseleyo, esinika umbono oqinisekileyo wobuphi na ubuntwana bethu, de kufike umzuzu yemetamorphosis ekhethekileyo ebudaleni, ibaliswa ngamanyathelo athile adidayo ekufumaneni uthando lokuqala ...
