Kwakukho ixesha apho ababhali beentatheli babebhala uncwadi oluyinyani. Ngaphandle kokunikezela ukucinga okubalulekileyo, abafana abanjengoJoseph Mitchell okanye nokuba Hemingway o Isikhangeli baye baba ngababhali ababalulekileyo abaguqulela phakathi kwamabali okwenene, ukuze bazalise iikholamu ezisingise kwi-epic yemihla ngemihla, okanye iinoveli esele zoyiswe kuqikelelo oluntsokothileyo lwemo kunye nomxholo.
Kwinxalenye ehambelana noJoseph Mitchell, icosmos yakhe ebalisayo yayikwindawo yase-New York njenge-paradigm yenkulungwane yama-XNUMX engqiyame kwizinto zala maxesha nazo zonke iinkalo zayo. Epicenter ukuvusa amasiko kunye neengxabano zabo, izibane zabo kunye nezithunzi zabo.
Enjalo UTom Wolfe wafumanisa eMitchell ireferensi ecacileyo apho kufuneka kuphuphume kwiindawo zasezidolophini ezithwele ukungafani kwengqwalasela kunye neembono. Umthombo ongapheliyo ekuza kuqulunqwe kuwo awona mabali ayimfuneko ukuqonda inkulungwane yama-XNUMX apho izixeko ezikhulu zavusa ubugcisa kunye nobuntu.
Iincwadi ezi-3 eziPhakamileyo eziCetyisiweyo nguJoseph Mitchell
Imfihlo kaJoe Gould
Eyona ndawo inabantu abaninzi kwizixeko ezikhulu ihlala ibonelela ngemibono enomdla. Ezo zisenza siyeke ukujonga ukugcoba komlinganiswa ohlawuliswe ngombala ongaqhelekanga phakathi kwe-gray mediocrity. Leyo yayiyimfihlelo kaJoe Gould, mhlawumbi engayazi ngokwakhe. Kuba wayengazimiselanga kujolisa ingqwalasela kodwa wayiphambukisa kwimibono ephuma phakathi kweso singwevu.
Yayingubani lo Joseph Ferdinand Gould, i-protagonist ecacileyo kunye nephazamisayo yale mizobo? Unyana wezona ntsapho zemveli eMassachusetts, waphumelela eHarvard, ngowe-1916 waqhawula onke amaqhina nezithethe zaseNew England waza waya eNew York, apho kamsinya nje emva kokuba waqalisa ukungqiba.
Injongo yakhe ebhengeziweyo yayikukubhala umsebenzi, iMbali yoMlomo ebalaseleyo yeXesha lethu, apho wayeya kuqokelela amawaka eengxoxo, iibhayografi, kunye nemifanekiso yembovane yomntu eManhattan. UEzra Pound noEE Cummings, phakathi kwabanye abaninzi, baba nomdla kulo msebenzi baza bade bathetha ngawo kumaphephancwadi abo; ngelo xesha, uGould wayelala ezitalatweni okanye kwiihotele ezineentyantyambo, engatyi, enxibe amadlavu lawo imbongi yakhe yaseGreenwich Village okanye abahlobo bakhe abapeyinti babengasawanxibi.
Kwaye nangona kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo ukumbona enxilile kwaye elinganisa ukubhabha kwengabangaba, iMbali yakhe yoMlomo, engekabonwa mntu, yayisele yonwabele iwonga elithile. Ngokufa kukaGould ngowe-1957, abahlobo bakhe baqalisa ukukhangela ixesha elide lombhalo-ngqangi wakhe odumileyo kwiimbombo zeDolophana awayedla ngokuhlala kuyo.
Isiphumo esimangalisayo solo hambo, olutyhila "imfihlo" apho isihloko sibhekisa khona, yinto uMitchell asixelela yona kwingxelo yakhe yesibini. Ngezihlandlo ezinqabileyo xa ubuntatheli buba luncwadi olukhulu, asisebenzi nje kuphela nombhali okrelekrele; umlinganiswa omkhulu uyafuneka "I-Bohemian yokugqibela", njengoko wayebizwa njalo uGould, uhlangula imbonakalo yothando yombhali enomsebenzi wakhe, ezinikele ngokupheleleyo kuyo kunye nesetingi esikhethekileyo, eso siqwenga samandla omntu esasiyiNew York. "Imfihlo kaJoe Gould" yincwadi yokonwabela umgca ngomgca, ukungaphulukani neenkcukacha kunye nokuqhubeka nokucacisa intsingiselo etyebileyo ixesha elide emva kokuba kugqityiwe ukufunda.
emazantsi ezibuko
Umbono ovela kwindibano phakathi kwe-Hudson kunye ne-East River yenye yezo zithuba zimbalwa ezitshintshayo xa ujonga nje. Indawo apho abafikayo abafudukayo bekude basavuselwa ukukhangela indawo ekugqibeleni bathathwe ngabafana abanjengoMitchell, kwezona meko zintle.
Kwiincwadi ezahlukahlukeneyo ezihlanganiswe kuzo, le nto ibisoloko ithathwa njengeyona nto ibalaseleyo kwaye imele kakhulu kwisitayile saseMitchell. Idibanisa iziqwenga ezithandathu ezibhalwe kwiminyaka ye-1940 kunye ne-1950. Ziyimibhalo ezimeleyo kodwa edibeneyo omnye komnye, kuba kuzo zonke umbhali uzulazula ecaleni kolwandle lwaseNew York kwaye uhlolisise isixeko esikude kwiiposkhadi zezokhenketho. UMitchell uchaza iindawo zezibuko, i-Hudson River kunye ne-East River, imarike yeentlanzi, iindawo zokulima iimbatyisi ezingasekhoyo, amangcwaba amadala aseStaten Island, izikhephe, izikhephe, izikhephe zokuloba kunye nabalinganiswa abakhethekileyo abafana noSloppy Louie, umnini indawo yokutyela.
Umfanekiso wesisu sesixeko kunye nehlabathi elitshabalalayo, lamabali angoku kunye neentsomi zexesha elidlulileyo, zeentlobo ze-eccentric, i-Bottom ye-Harbour yingxelo emangalisayo yaseNew York kunye nabemi bayo: ubuntatheli bodidi lokuqala. kunye noncwadi olukhulu.
ITavern eFabulous kaMcSorley
Okwenzekileyo eNew York kwakusezandleni zikaMitchell ngoku esezandleni zika UFran Lebowitz. Ukwenza ubuntatheli, ingxelo yentlalontle, ukuhlekisa okanye ukucaphula nje iminyhadala kwisixeko esikhulu iphelela ekubeni yingxelo egqithileyo yento eqhelekileyo, ukuyihombisa ukusuka kokubi ukuya kweyona incomekayo. Ngenxa yokuba iinkxwaleko zinamaxesha azo ozuko, ngelixa i-tinsel yeyona mpumelelo ihlokomayo iphetha ngokugudiswa ngokukhawuleza yisiphithiphithi sesixeko sikhangela iintsomi ezintsha ezikhawulezayo.
Abafazi abaneentshebe, iigypsies, iigourmets, iiweyitara, abasebenzi baseIndiya, iibhohemi, iimboni, abalandeli benzondelelo, abakhohlisi kunye nazo zonke iintlobo zemiphefumlo elahlekileyo zijikeleza kolu qulunqo lweziganeko ezingamashumi amabini anesixhenxe ezipapashwe kwicandelo leNew Yorker ezinikezelwe kwiiprofayili zezona zinto zingaqhelekanga. abalinganiswa besixeko.
Yonke inyama kunye nabalinganiswa begazi abenza ifresco engaqhelekanga ukusuka kwi-30s kunye ne-40s, ixesha legolide apho imbiza enkulu yokunyibilika eyayisesiXeko saseNew York yenziwa.
