1862 – 1937… Xa iScorsese yenza ifilim malunga nenoveli ngo UEdith Wharton "Ixesha lokungabi natyala" kwakungenxa yokuba kulo msebenzi wafumanisa i-aftertaste ephazamisayo phakathi kwamabango amaninzi angaphakathi kunye ne-corseted yeengqungquthela zentlalo.
Ukusuka kuloo mbono, ingxabano phakathi kothando kunye nenyanyekayo yaqhuma kwifilimu yekamva elihambayo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukwenza izigqibo ezihambelana neemvakalelo.
Kodwa ngaphaya kwe-anecdotal ye-Scorsese esebenza njengentshayelelo, i Umsebenzi ka-Edith Wharton uqaqambile ngokubonakalisa imilinganiselo yokuziphatha eNew York ukuba yayingekabi liziko le-cosmopolitan eyayiza kuba yiyo, njengoko ibambelele kwimveli ebusweni bokufika ngokuthe ngcembe kwengxubevange yenkcubeko eyichongayo namhlanje kwaye yaza yasebenza ukuvala ngakumbi izangqa zezentlalo zabaphezulu abamiselwe kakuhle.
Nangona iNew York ingeyiyo yonke ibhayibhili yakhe, iba yeyona nto iphambili kwiinoveli zakhe ezilungileyo. Iseti yaseNew York ngokuxabiseka kwalo mbhali uyila iimeko ezinomtsalane zelo xesha, apho ikwachaza ubuntu babalinganiswa abanemiphetho ephazamisayo, ngaphandle kokulibala loo ngongoma iyimfuneko yobufazi mhlawumbi yayiyivalve yokuphuncuka kwiimeko zakhe zobuqu.
Kodwa eyona nto inomdla kakhulu kukuba kwiindawo ezininzi amabali abo, nayo ilayishwe isigqebelo kunye noburharha asidi, sifumana ukucamngca kunye nexesha langoku. Kwaye kukuba amabali anjalo abantu malunga nokuchasana phakathi kwezona nkalo zisondeleyo kunye nezikhokelo zangaphandle zokuziphatha kunye nentlalontle zihlala zisebenza.
IiNoveli ezi-3 ezicetyiswayo zika-Edith Wharton
Ixesha lobumsulwa
Ngokucacileyo ubumsulwa banwenwela kuzo zonke iinkalo zokwamkelwa ngokuzolileyo kwemilinganiselo yokuziphatha eyayifuna ukuqhubela phambili phakathi kweenkalo eziphakamileyo zentlalo kwihlabathi elitsha elalixhathise ubucukubhede kunye nokunyanzeliswa.
U-Countess Olenska njengesona siqalisi singalindelekanga solu tshintsho ukuya kwiindawo ezikhululekileyo zengqondo. Kodwa naluphi na utshintsho lunzima koovulindlela. U-Olenska uya kutsala abahlali abangabalulekanga bemigangatho yokuziphatha endala ekhokelwa nguNewland Archer kumbono wakhe wobomi. Kuba uArcher uyamthanda okanye ucinga ukuba uyamthanda uMay Welland. Enyanisweni, kunokwenzeka ngakumbi ukuba ngebabemthanda ngaphandle kokuqwalaselwa ngakumbi ukuba u-Olenska wayengezanga ebomini babo. I-passion ikhutshwe phakathi kwe-censored, njengoko ihlala isenzeka ngayo yonke into engavumelekanga.
Unxunguphalo olukhoyo luka-Archer lukhomba kolu qhawulo-mtshato nayo yonke into, ngelixa umhlaba uqhubeka nokumenzela iyelenqe emfazini wakhe uMay Welland, onokungazami ukuveza umyeni wakhe kwiingxaki ezinkulu kodwa azame ukugcina ulungelelwano lwezinto. Ehlabathini elibhekiselele kwiinguqu ezinkulu kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini entsha ezayo, yonke into ibonakala iyancipha, ukusuka kwintshiseko ethile yonxantathu obulalayo ukuya kwixabiso lezinye izinto ezininzi zentlalontle.
I-spinster
Inoveli emfutshane egcwele ubunzulu bomfutshane. INew York ye-1850 iyalungiswa kwaye ihonjiselwe omnye wemitshato yonyaka okanye yenkulungwane.
I-Ralston, ekusetyenzisweni kunye nezithethe zeentsapho ze-rancid yaseYurophu zilungiselela ukuqhubela phambili umgca olawula uqoqosho kodwa onqwenela udidi oluqhelekileyo lwezihloko ezihloniphekileyo ezinikezelwa ngokubambelela okukhulu kwimveli. Kwaye ke, ukuba umtshakazi wexesha elizayo, uCharlotte Lovell, ufika kwiintsuku ezingaphambi kwesiganeko esinesiphene esingahambelani nobukhulu bekhonkco kunokuba yintlekele.
Isazela esibi senza uCharlotte avume yonke into kumzala wakhe uDelia, ireferensi enkulu yodidi lwaseNew York okwangoku. Kwaye imfihlo ekwabelwana ngayo inoxanduva lokugqwala yonke into. Ngenxa yokuba intlonipho kubaphathi iphinda idlulele kwinqanaba lokuziphatha likaDelia. Kwaye uvumo lwezono oluphazamisayo lunwenwa njengeshwangusha elimnyama malunga neentsuku ezizayo. Kodwa umboniso kufuneka uqhubeke, imfuneko yokuwela phakathi kweentsapho ithanda ukuphosa iliso.
Nangona kunjalo, ukudana kuya kufuneka kuvele ndaweni ithile, olo hlobo lokungcatsha uCharlotte aya kuthi uDelia aluthathe njengolwakhe. Akukho nto imbi ngakumbi kubufazi kunomfazi omiliselwe kwinto ekumele ukuba ibekho kwaye ingaze yenzeke. Kuba ke ungquzulwano lukhonzwa kwaye alunakuze luphele kude kube sekupheleni kwalo gazi.
Oodade bakaBunner
Kanye nje ukuba sishiye indawo ye-elitist yaseNew York ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19 kwaye sihambe siye kumbindi we-Manhattan ukudibana noodade ababini abadala, uAnn Eliza no-Evelina, abaqhubela phambili nevenkile yabo encinci ye-haberdashery.
Ngomhla wokuzalwa kwakhe, uAnn unika uEvelina iwotshi ukuze udade wabo azinxibe enebhongo kwaye bobabini baya kulilawula ngcono ixesha labo lokusebenza kwivenkile yabo encinci. Inkcukacha encinci yesipho inceda umbhali ukuba aphuhlise i-skein etsibayo ukusuka kubudlelwane obuthile bobuzalwana ukuya kwindalo yonke yentlalontle yesixeko esikhulu esihlala sitshintsha, ngakumbi ngo-1892 ejonge nge-vertigo ukuya kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini ebonwa ngokwembono. yangoku kunye noloyiko lotshintsho olukhulu.
Kwisenzo sobubele salo dade, amathandabuzo kunye neentsonkothi nazo ziyavuswa kuthi, zenziwe ngamasiko atyebileyo exesha kunye neManhattan enkulu ethwele izigidi zamabali angaphakathi kuloo mbovane inkulu yomntu kunxweme lweAtlantiki.
Inoveli emangalisayo yamagnetic ukusuka kwencinci, ukusuka kwinkcukacha elinganayo, elinganayo kwaye kwangaxeshanye ixhasa ukulukwa okukhulu kobomi kunye nezithethe zelo xesha. Ibali elincinci elibonakala liphuma kwibhokisi yesnuff enencasa yenkulungwane yeshumi elinesithoba kwaye ekugqibeleni ibe yibhokisi enkulu yePandora yesixeko esikhulu sonke.
