Chero ani zvake anopfuura pano nguva nenguva angave akaziva kuti dystopias chimwe chinhu chakandikunda kwenguva yakareba sezvandinogona kuyeuka. Ndakakurira mumakore eMad Max kana Blade Runner uye ndaiwanzogara papurazi re Orwell kana hushumiri hwe huxley, saka chero chinhu chiri kutaura nezve zvinogoneka, zvinoshamisa uye grey remangwana inyaya inokunda neni.
Zvese izvi nekuti John lanchester nguva pfupi yadarika yakanyora imwe yeaya achangoburwa dystopias ane huzivi uye kunyange sociological point, fetén yemazuva ano ...
Asi kupfuura dystopian, Lanchester yakatopedza makore makumi matatu akanaka akazvipira ku poso mabhuku, kune zvirongwa zvinowanzoitika munzvimbo dzakajairika munyika yedu zvinongoratidzwa kune imwe nhanho, ipapo apo Lanchester anoita mavara ake iwo mapikicha ezvishuvo zvake, kushushikana uye kushuva kwekuenda kunenge kwagara kwakashata uye kure sezvipimo zvakafanana zvakarangana mukukanda zvese. by land.
Kunyangwe, pakadzika pasi, mavara eLanchester anonyanya kushamisa, rwiyo runoperekedza hupenyu hwevaviri, vane simba kana kuzvininipisa. Nekuti bhodhi remutambo ndiro rezvinhu zvese. Uye mukana chikamu chinogona kuita zvemashiripiti mukusarudzika kwayo kune avo vasingafungidzirwe.
Sokunge kuti zvose izvi zvakanga zvisina kukwana, Lanchester anonyorawo mabhuku ake ezvoupfumi ane pfungwa inodzidzisa yakaenzana nemirangariro yake yokutsoropodza maererano nemamiriro ezvinhu epanguva ino ecapitalism. Asi iyo imwe nyaya. Pano tichamira pachikamu chekunyepedzera icho, kunyangwe icho chinowanzo gadzirisa zvirongwa mune ramangwana rehupfumi, inopedzisira yashandurwa kuita yakakodzera intra-nyaya ine chicha.
Epamusoro 3 Anokurudzirwa Novels naJohn Lanchester
Rusvingo
Iyo yakaziviswa dystopia iyo munyori wese ane mafurati anofanira kutarisana kamwe chete. Nekuti kushinga kufungidzira, kupa zano rinotevera patiri kukukurwa munyika ino, inopfupisa fungidziro, mweya wekutsoropodza, hana yemagariro uye yezvematongerwo enyika uye kuda kuita huzivi nehunhu. Hapana chinhu…
Dystopia inonakidza uye inovhiringidza inoshanda semufananidzo une simba wenyika yazvino uye kutya kunobata West. Kavanagh anosvika paWall kuti abatane neimwe yeDefender patrols inodzivirira zvikamu zvakasiyana kubva mukuedza kweVamwe kupinda. Vatorwa ava vanoedza kuikwira kubva kuGungwa uye kupinda munyika yechitsuwa, iyo inofanira kuzvidzivirira kubva kunze kubva pakaitika Shanduko, iyo, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, yakakonzera kukwira kwegungwa.
Kavanagh anosungirwa kushandira makore maviri ebasa, uye nzira chete yekuzvidzivirira ingave yekuve Rudzi uye kuve nemwana, chiitiko chinoburitsa kusada uye kuvhiringidzika munyika mushure menjodzi. Muviri weDefenders wakasanganiswa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma Kavanagh achatanga hukama naHifa, mumwe wevakadzi. Zvichakadaro, kutenderedza Rusvingo uchimirira kupindirwa, mazuva nehusiku hunopfuura, uye kutya kunopararira uye kutonhora kunopinda kuunganidza, mukumirira kusingaperi kunogona kurangarira izvo zvemauto ehondo. Gwenga reTartars by Buzzati.
Kana kurwiswa kunotyisa kuchizoitika, pamwe hapana chichava sezvaitarisirwa, zvichida mumwe munhu asiri waaiita seari, pamwe mabasa evadziviriri nevapambi anotsanangurwa patsva ... John Lanchester akanyora dystopia inoshungurudza inobatanidza nounyanzvi ngano dzesainzi nesainzi. .kurondedzera kwechiitiko kugadzirisa nyaya dzazvino neshungu huru. Bhuku rake rinoongorora kutya kwevakasiyana, kutya kweramangwana uyewo kutya pachako. Mhedzisiro ibasa rinoputira uye rinovhiringidza, nemhepo yengano yemazuva ano uye inokatyamadza uye inokatyamadza magumo.
guta
Hupfumi hunoratidza chiratidzo chenguva. Iko kuvakwa kwevanhu kwemari uye misika yayo inoguma yaramba ichive chikara chinokwanisa kudya zvisikwa zvaro nemacabre. Iri nderimwe remanovhero iwaya anotaura nezve mafambiro evatambi vakaderedzwa neiyo macroeconomics inoona zvese. Kutya, kunyumwira, hupfumi hwenhema hunokwanisa kuita chero chinhu kurarama nehupengo hwayo.
Vose vanogara kana kushanda mumugwagwa weLondon; vamwe vanozivana, vamwe havazive, asi vanenge vese vanozopedzisira vayambuka nzira. Roger Yount mubhangi weGuta anotarisira mari yakakwana yegore negore kubhadhara imba yake yechipiri; Atova nemota mbiri uye anodawo kuva nevakadzi vaviri. Uye kuti yechipiri yaive yakaderera nzira pane iyo yepamutemo, isingarove.
Asati awana zvaanorota, anosiiwa asina basa, akaremerwa nechikwereti uye achichengetwa nemwanakomana wake wegotwe, nokuti mudzimai wake anoramba achingomusiya kwenguva pfupi. Ahmed muPakistani ane chitoro nevanun'una vaviri, mumwe ane usimbe uye anokoshesa, mumwe mushandi uye democrat.
Kana amai vake vauya kubva kuPakistan, vakagadzirira kushoropodza zvose kunze kwemwanakomana anopenga wechitendero… Kunawo Petunia, chembere isingazive kuti hafu yemiriyoni yepondo yakavigwa mumba make. Uye Zbigniew, muvaki wechiPolish, naSmitty, muimbi anonyadzisa ane zita chairo pasina anoziva, uye watinongoziva kuti muzukuru waPetunia ...
Zvichakadaro, dambudziko rehupfumi rinomira, uye mumwe nomumwe wevagari vemugwagwa anogamuchira postcard pakati pekutyisidzira uye yakaipa iyo inoti "Tinoda izvo zvaunazvo." Ichava imba yako here, pfuma yako yakavanzwa, zvishuwo zvako, zvinoreurura nezvisingataurwi? Guta guru rinosanganisa chinyorwa chikuru che "hupenyu hwakachinjika", seaya aJoseph Roth, John Dos Passos kana Stefan Zweig, ane fresco yakanaka yemazuva ano.
Chiteshi chezvinonhuwira
Zvinogara zvichinakidza kuwana chokwadi cheNouveau rich. Avo vanotaura imwe ngano yavo yebudiriro kubva pasi. Tom Stewart akatora ngarava yake zvine mutsindo, Hondo Yenyika Yechipiri isati yatanga, achitora zvese. Akanga ari mazuva ane dutu uye akaipa. Asi zvakare mazuva erima emukana ...
Muchikepe chakaendesa Tom Stewart kuHong Kong muna 1935, Maria akanga achifambawo, mudiki wechiChinese uyo akamuunza kumashoko ake ekutanga muchiCantonese ... Makore akawanda gare gare, mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe, Dawn Stone, mutori wenhau anoshora akafinhwa. Hupenyu hwake muLondon, anogara muHonk Kong, uko nhoroondo dzake dzine hutsinye pamusoro pemamirioni emuno achakwezva kutarisisa kwemuridzi wemagazini inoaburitsa, ane simba ane mukurumbira wakashata.
Uye achawanawo hupenyu hutsva Matthew Ho, mukomana wevapoteri baba vake vakabatwa neshanduko yetsika muChina, uye zvino ave muzvinabhizinesi wechidiki ari kurwira kambani yake pakati pekunetsekana kwehupfumi hwemusika uye kudzvinyirirwa kwemafias eko. .
Pakatenderedza aya mavara matatu, mumwe protagonist weiyo novel bustles, ngano Hong Kong, iyo yekunze koloni uye ikozvino iguta remazuvano revatorwa uye rabhoritari inopenga yeazvino capitalism.
