Inonyanya kuzivikanwa yehama dzeSinger inotarisa ruremekedzo rwekuremekedza kumabhuku mumutauro weYiddish, zvinyorwa zvakamiswa nekufamba kwenguva, muzana ramakore rechiXNUMX, kuguma kwekutambudzwa uye kupokana neSemitism kubva kumagumo kusvika kumagumo eEurope nepasirese.
Gare gare kwakauya vamwe vanyori vakawanda vemashoko ari kure echiJudha asi atova mune mimwe mitauro, yakadai se Firipi Roth kana Paul auster. Asi iyo nhoroondo yekuti kunyangwe mushanduro yayo inochengetedza kunhuhwirira kwechiJudha yakaramba yakatsiga muvamiriri vekupedzisira uye vane mbiri vakadai seVakoma Vaimbi, vachitungamirwa naIsaac.
Mabhuku ake anoonekwa semireniyumu chronovisor yenyika kubva kumweya inodzungaira inofambiswa nezvishuwo zvakakosha zvekusunungurwa. Hapana chinhu chinodzivirirwa pazvose kupfuura chinonzwikwa sechako kana munhu atorerwa zvese. Hapana kuzvipira kwakasimba kudarika kutsungirira mukuzivikanwa kana ichityisidzirwa nerufu.
Ndiwo magumo emunhu anoratidzwa zvakakwana mukuva muJudha uye mumutauro wake. Ndosaka verenga ku Isaac Bashevis Muimbi kunopfuura kungoverengawo zvako.
Mabhuku matatu Anokurudzirwa NaIsaac Bashevis Singer
Mhuri yeMoskat
"Kuve" hakusi "kuva", sezvaanoomerera pakusiyanisa mutauro wechiSpanish. Kutaura idi, imwe pfungwa iri kure nekare pamakore kubva kune imwe, sokunge iri kutenderera mune mamwe maantipodes anobvira echisiko chapose pose. Chokwadi chechiJudha munhorondo ndechekuti "munhu" asingaparadzike watinowana mubhuku rino rezvizvarwa zvakasiyana sezvazvakafanana zvisinei nekushanduka kwezvakanaka kana kuuraya.
Nekuti kunze kwenzvimbo iyo "mumwe ari", pamusoro pekukuvara kwese kunotsvakwa uye kuedza kutsakatisa, panoramba paine, mune iyi nyaya, kuve muJudha.
Mhuri yeMoskat inhoroondo yakanakisa yemaJuda eWarsaw kubva kutanga kwezana ramakore rechi1939 kusvika panguva iyo maNazi akatanga kutora guta muna XNUMX: kuburitswa kwenharaunda netsika yaizoparadzwa, njodzi isati yasvika.
Mariri mativi ose enzanga yakaoma kunzwisisa inogarwa navanhu vakasimba anooneka: vazivi vasinganzwisisike, vanamuzvinabhizimisi, maZionist akasimba, vanarabhi vechinyakare, vanyori vemifananidzo. Mufananidzo webudiriro iyi, inofamba netsika dzechinyakare uye zvechizvino-zvino, yakapfuma zvakanyanya, zvese nekuda kwekusiyana kwemavara kubva kuzvizvarwa zvakasiyana uye kusimba kwavanotsanangurwa nako.
Muranda
Kunyangwe iyo inonyanya fungidziro tsika uye mukati memunyori saIsaac Singer inogona kutarisana nayo mubhuku nekupokana kwayo kwakanyanya. Mubhuku rino renhoroondo, pamwe rakatonyanya rekare kuti mutsauko uwedzere kuoneka, tinozvinyudza mukunyepedzera kwekiristal kwemunhu kuita kuti zvese zviyerere semubhedha werwizi muchirimo. Kunze kwekuti hapana anokwanisa kuona rwizi rwuchipfuura asina kushuva kugeza riya risingazodzokororwi uye rinoitirwa kunyimwa vamwe.
Mazana enharaunda dzechiJudha dzakaparadzwa neUkraine Cossacks muzana remakore rechiXNUMX Poland. Jakobho, murume ane tsika uye ainamata Mwari, anogara muguta reJosefov, anotiza kupondwa kwacho, asi anotorwa nemakororo uye gare gare anotengeswa somuranda kumurimi mutaundi riri mumakomo.
Ikoko, zvino ashandurwa kuva mukomana akatsiga, kwaanosangana naWanda, mwanasikana watenzi wake, waanopenga naye murudo. Asi mitemo yenguva iyoyo, iyo yose yePole uye iya yevaJudha, inodzivisa rudo rwevose uyewo muchato wavo.
Muranda ibhuku rinokatyamadza rinoratidza zvine mutsindo kutambudzika kwemurume ari kutsvaka kutiza kubva pazvisungo zvakaomarara zvinomusunga.
Ngano
Ndinogara ndichitaura. Munyori wese anofanira kutarisana nenyaya kana ngano. Kune avo vanozvitora sedambudziko rechisikigo, senzira yekuenda kunganonyorwa refu. Vamwewo, kune rumwe rutivi, vanosvika pave paya, sechimbomira kwenguva pfupi kusvika riini rinotevera kana rondedzero.
Munyaya yaSinger, nyaya yakafamba zvakafanana, nehunhu hwemunhu anongozviita kutaura nyaya.
An anthology yenyaya makumi mana nenomwe dzakasarudzwa nemunyori, mumiriri mukuru wezvinyorwa zveYiddish, izvo zvinosanganisira nyaya dzake dzakakurumbira: "Gimpel the Fool", "The Spinoza paMercado Street" uye "Shamwari yeKafka" pakati pevamwe.
Idzo nyaya makumi mana nenomwe mune ino anthology, yakasarudzwa naBashevis Singer pachake kubva muhuwandu hunosvika zana nemakumi mashanu, inosanganisira idzo dzakabatanidzwa mukutanga uye ikozvino yekare kuunganidzwa "Gimpel, benzi," kubva 1957, pamwe neayo akaburitswa kusvika 1981 .
Mukati meiyi anthology mune ngano dzemashura dzakadai sekuti "Táibele y su demonio" uye "El violinista muerto"; mifananidzo yechokwadi yehupenyu muWarsaw uye mune shtetlej kubva kuMabvazuva kweEurope, senge classics "Shamwari yeKafka" uye "The Spinoza yeMarket Street"; pamwe ne "Old Love" uye "The Reunion", iyo inotitaurira pamusoro pevaJudha vakadzingwa kubva munyika iyoyo yekare kuenda kune itsva, kubva kuEast Side yeNew York kuenda kuCalifornia neMiami.
Dzimwe nyaya dzinorondedzera ngano uye maonero enyika yetsika yakaparadzwa munguva yeHondo Yenyika Yechipiri. Aya mapeji anoitika mune mashura, emusango, anodikamwa pamwe neanovhiringidza zvakasikwa, izvo zvinotora zvakanyanya kubva mumuromo tsika yehupenyu hwevaJudha vekumaruwa Poland mumakore isati yatanga hondo, kubva kune yakasviba zvakanyanya. kufutisa uye kubatikana kwepfungwa dzinoshamisa dzemunyori wayo.
