Iyo inonzwisisika nhoroondo nhoroondo inofanirwa kuve, mumaonero angu, yakajeka chinangwa chekutanga chevaraidzo. Kushandisa ngano sechombo chinodzidzisa, kusimudzira nyika kana seimwe nyowani yechokwadi inopedzisira yapa mweya wevanovenga wandinovenga murudzi urwu rwerondedzero. Kana iwe uchida kunyora nezve Nhoroondo kubva kune yakasarudzika maonero, nyora chinyorwa. Izvo ndezvekuremekedza zvese Nhoroondo uye Zvinyorwa, pasina rima musanganiswa kuna Mwari anoziva chinangwa.
Usanetseke, handizvo Robert Harris, munyori akazvipira munhoroondo sekufungidzira. Iye munyori anotengesa zvakanyanya, akanaka connoisseur weakarongedzerwa enhoroondo mamiriro uye kuronga kwakaenzana neiyo Nhau. Kunyora nhoroondo yenhoroondo netsamba dzakasimudzwa chiito mukutendeseka kuti munyori wese werudzi urwu anofanira kuisa pekutanga, senge rudzi rweHippocratic mhiko yetsamba.
Mushure mezvose, Harris anozvidzidzisa-nhoroondo, sezvo kudzidziswa kwake kuri kwakabatana zvikuru neChirungu Chinyorwa. Zvichida ndosaka achitanga kubva mukuremekedza chokwadi chakapupurika asati atanga kuita fungidziro inoshamisa nezve mamiriro akapfuura kana nezve kusanyara kwekunyepedzera.
Mutori wenhau ane mukurumbira uye munyori wenhau munyika yake, England, Robert akapedzisira atendeukira kune rondedzero yehunyanzvi, achibatidza chirevo chake chekare chekuva munyori. Tichifunga nezvekutengesa kwayo, chinangwa chakanyatsozadzikiswa.
3 yakakurudzira zvinyorwa naRobert Harris:
Kumusha. 1964, kupera kweTatu Reich kwaswedera?
PaHondo Yenyika II, yechitatu Reich uye Nazism vakamhanya nzizi dzeingi. Ndakaita nhanho dzangu dzekutanga ne aifunga kuti Hitler akatapwa kuenda kuArgentina.
Chinhu nezve ucronías, chinhu chekufungidzira pamusoro pezvaigona kunge zvakaitika dai Nhoroondo isina kupfuura nenzira yakatarwa inhoroondo inonakidza isinganyorerwi nevanyori vashoma neimwe nzira. Chinhu cheHarris chiri mubhuku iri chakachena, chinotyisa uchrony. Hitler haana kumbokundwa, Nazism yakaramba ichiparadzira mutemo wayo weNational Socialism nemhinduro yayo yekupedzisira ...
Pfupiso: Muna 1964, Reich yechitatu yakakunda yakatanga kupemberera gore rechi75 raAdolf Hitler.
Panguva iyoyo, chitunha chakashama chemurume akura chinowoneka chakayangarara mudziva muBerlin. Uyu mukuru mukuru webato, anotevera mune yakavanzika rondedzero inotongera munhu wese arimo parufu.
Uye ivo vanga vachidonha mumwe mushure meumwe, mukurangana kwakangotanga chete ... Patria 1964 anorondedzera ramangwana rakasviba, rakafungidzirwa naRobert Harris, munyori weanomhanya-mhanya anotyisa Enigma uye mwanakomana waStalin. Iyi nhoroondo yakaendeswa kune ese mafirimu uye terevhizheni.
Kurangana
Kushinga neRoma yekare sekupokana kwerondedzero kunofungidzira chishuwo chekuziva nekusvika kumarudzi ese ezvekure kure munguva nemafomu.
Harris anodzokorora mubhuku iri nyika yese yemazano umo Humambo hweRoma hwakafamba mukati memazana emakore ekutonga kwenyika. Pasina kupokana akanakisa emanoveli ake muCicero trilogy.
Pfupiso: Consul Cicero, republican ane chokwadi, ane vavengi vane simba vakagadzirira kumupedzisa. Mumwe wavo anonzi Kesari ...
Kunakidzwa kwekunyepedzera kutandadza kweimwe yezvikamu zvinonakidza kwazvo munhoroondo yeRoma, ichitarisa naCicero uyo anofanirwa kutarisana nehunyanzvi uye hunyengeri hwevavengi vechiremera chaCatilina kana Kesari iye.
Munyori anovaka zvakare noutsinye hwakakura hunyanzvi hwese hwehuori uye huori hwaitonga muRoma muna 63 AC, uye nemumiriri Cicero anodzivisa sei zano reCatilina uye ave muponesi weRepublic.
Nekudaro, Kesari, uyo anokwanisa kubuda asina kukuvadzwa kubva pakurangana, vanobatana naCrassus uye anokunda General Pompey kudzikisira Seneti. Mazuva eRepublic akaverengwa, uye Cicero, akamanikidzwa kuenda muutapwa, ane zuva rimwe chete rekusiya zvese nekuchengetedza hupenyu hwake.
Simba riri mumumvuri
Haisi zvese zviri nhoroondo yeNhoroondo mune yaHarris. Iyo inonakidza yezvematongerwo enyika zvakare iri ndima iyo munyori anoshanda nekuguta.
Pakati pemanovhero evasori, achingotora zvinonyatso zivikanwa zvechokwadi kufungidzira nyika yepasi pezvematongerwo enyika nenjodzi huru dzehugandanga nehutsotsi hwakarongeka.
Pfupiso: Inomhanya-mhanya zvematongerwo enyika hunyanzvi hwakafuridzirwa nevanhu chaivo. "Negro" anotungamira kunyora nhoroondo yehupenyu hweaimbove Mutungamiriri weBritish akafa mumamiriro asinganzwisisike. Kutsiva kwake kunowana ruzivo rwunokanganisa runogona kuratidza kubatana kwemutungamiri wenyika nemhosva dzehondo dzakafukidzwa nekurwisa hugandanga.
Kana wezvematongerwo enyika akafa mukurwiswa, munyori anonzwisisa kuti iye zvino kupfuura nakare kose hupenyu hwake hwakarembera neshinda.
Anonakidza ezvematongerwo enyika anonakidza, ane anozivikanwa mavara kubva kumatongerwo enyika. Kuongorora kwakavhurika kwezvematongerwo enyika uye kurongeka kwakatemwa.
Mamwe mabhuku anokurudzirwa naRobert Harris:
Munich
Zvichida zvibvumirano zveMunich zvaGunyana 30, 1938 zvaive kuburitswa kwekushushikana kweva impiriyaist kwechiNazi. Kuwedzeredzwa kweSudetenland kuenda kuNazi Germany kwaive kubvumirana kuchikonzero cheTatu Reich, pamberi pekutanga kwekutanga kweHondo Yenyika II, ikadudzirwa naHitler sechiratidzo chekushaya simba nevatungamiriri veEuropean veFrance neUnited Kingdom vakapinda musangano une njodzi.
Hapana munhu ari nani kupfuura Robert Harris kunyora nhoroondo inonakidza mune ino yakasarudzika mamiriro. Rondedzero inoremekedza chokwadi asi zvinehunyanzvi yakatungamira kune iyo yaunoda uchrony yave kuda kuzadzikiswa.
Dzimwe nguva, nekupindira kwevamwe vatongi vakaita saHugh Legat, murume wekurudyi weMutungamiri weBritain Chamberlain uye anotungamira basa repachivande panguva yerwendo rwemutungamiri kuMunich; uye wechiGerman Paul Hartmann, mushori asingatauri waHitler uye mumiriri wezvematongerwo enyika ane masimba ekupedzisira anogona kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu, inoverengeka inowana mukana Ken Follet mukati Nguva yechando chenyika.
Harris chete ndiye anotarisisa kune inonakidza nhoroondo, kune yemagetsi kunyunyuta pasina kubvumidzwa, kune yakasarudzika mamiriro ayo muverengi anoongorora nekunakirwa kwekuravira kwemashoko, kuburikidza nezvipenga izvo chaicho nhoroondo inopa kuti ipinze nyaya dzekunyepedzera dzinovhiringidza uye kushamisika.
Mazuva iwayo aGunyana 1938, nemaungira ehondo yeSino-Japan achiwedzera ngoma dzekupokana kuEurope, Hitler akaita sekutarisira pamwe nekutsamwisa kwake, izvo zvaizozopedzisira zvaitika gore rakatevera paakapinda Poland.
Chamberlain anotenda kuti ane nguva yekumisa Hitler. Zvimwe chetezvo zvinoitika nemunyori wake Hugh Legat, uyo anouraya shamwari yake Paul Hartmann uye anodhirowa chirongwa chakavanzika chavanoziva nacho kuti vanogona kushandura chokwadi chinonongedzera kune njodzi yava pedyo.
Uye ndipo panobuda hunyanzvi hwaRobert Harris hwekufungira, huchitungamira muverengi kuburikidza nechiitiko chinoita sechinofambirana nezviitiko zvemazuva iwayo, inokwanisa kupindirana nekushandura zvakaitika, kumutsa manzwiro akadzama uye manzwiro mukati mese. tsananguro dzemamiriro ezvinhu akanyanyisa ayo vatambi vanopinda mazviri.
