Mabhuku matatu akanakisa enganonyorwa dzechiGiriki dzinonakidza

Hapana mubvunzo Tsika dzechiGreek kana dzechiRoma (mutengi mukuru wechipiri wekutanga) ane runako rwakawanda, nevamwari vavo, magamba avo uye nzendo dzavo kuburikidza nenyika isati yazivikanwa kupfuura mamwe anonamata Mwari mumwe chete uye ari nyore. (onawo midzi yedu yeKatorike kana yeMuslim, yunifomu uye radicalizing dzimwe nguva ...)

Mumazuva ekupedzisira enyika yekare (the Classical yekare) nhaka yetsika, yemagariro, yezvematongerwo enyika uye yehupfumi inozvarwa inova hwaro hwezvose. Zvinoda kuziva kuti pamberi pesimba iri zvitendero zvitsva zvakazotora danho rekuparadza fungidziro huru yeOlympus nemagadzirirwo ayo pavanhu kuti vapedze kugadzira vaporofita vakasiyana: Jesu kana Muhammad, uye Mwari kana Allah sezvo masangano anopararira. katatu seZiso reProvidence muKatorike kana imwe uye isingamiririke munyaya yeMuslim).

Mubvunzo, wekuti ndiri kupfuura nematavi, uye ndichitaura zvakajeka, ndizvozvo Bhaibheri ibhuku rekunyora rinopesana nehupfumi hwengano hwevaGiriki nevaRoma nenhoroondo yayo yevanhu mumafascicles akakamurwa pakati peIliads, Odysseys uye dzakasiyana siyana dzinosuwisa adventures. Zviitiko zvinotiswededzawo padyo neyakapfuma kwazvo yemifananidzo yevamwari mubindu ravo remafaro, kuvana vavo vasina hunhu, kune vamwari, kune magamba matinogona kutarisa mafungire uye nemhando dzese dzenjodzi kana nyaya dzine tsika pamusoro pezvakanaka. uye zvakaipa, zvakaipa zvinofukidza murangano wayo.

Vanyori vazvino vanoda Irene Vallejo kupora, kana takamborasikirwa, hwema kune iyo yese nyika inotsigira tsika yedu neruzivo rwemunhu izvo zvinotishamisa uye zvinotikoka kuti tifunge pasina kupokana kuti Nihil sub sole novum, ndiko kuti, pakanga pasina chinhu chitsva pasi pezuva chevarume vakachenjera ava, zvirinani maererano nehunhu hwemunhu hunomiririrwa mune yakanyanya fungidziro yekunyora ...

Wepamusoro matatu Akakurudzirwa Mabhuku eGreek Mythology

Odyssey

Gamba remagamba, Ulysses ane runako rukuru kupfuura Achilles (mupfungwa dzangu). Nekuti fananidzo rakanaka rekufamba, rehumambo hwakarasika, hwekusavapo uye kuoma, kwemiyedzo, kwerima nekusurukirwa. Pfungwa dzese dzazvino dzekusimba dzinogara muUlysses 'kugona kukurira zvese zvakaratidzirwa neiyo kufa kwakaitwa muyedzo wakakosha. Pasina gamba rakafanana naUlise, pfungwa dzevanhu dzakakosha sekukunda dambudziko rakaipisisa dzaisagona kunge dzakaumbirwa.

Iwo ma adventures nema adventures echiGreek Odysseus, aigara mumakore gumi-emakore ekudzoka kwake kumba mushure mekutora chikamu muTrojan Hondo, vanoumba iyo yakaoma, ingangoita yerudo zano yeimwe yematombo makuru enhaka yedu yehungwaru. Pamwe yakanyorwa pakupera kwezana ramakore rechisere BC, iyo Odyssey inotitora isu tiende munyika chaiye, yeMediterranean yekare, asi izere nenjodzi uye inogarwa nevanhu vanoshamisa: mashiripiti, nyati, hofori, zvikara ...

Maatatari egungwa eiyo gamba mune ino yechipiri huru yechiGiriki inotora Odysseus (Odysseus kubva kuvaRoma) kure nezviitiko zve epic, kumuisa munzvimbo inonakidza, padyo nenyika inoshamisa yezvakavanzika ngano.

Antigone

Iyo inosuruvarisa inodarika nekuti inonongedzera kurufu, pakupedzisira, kune inogoneka, kana kwete (asi pakupedzisira isinganzwisisike), kukwirira kwezvatiri kune imwe nyika isina muviri. Uye zvakadaro, marwadzo anotangira uyu mufungo wose womunhu sounogumira ndewenguva dzose, anonamatira zvikuru kumisodzi isingamereki upenyu pasi pano. Sophocles ndiye ainyanya kurondedzera nezvenjodzi idzodzo umo murume wekare airatidza kutonhora kwake kwekurarama, sezvaaizotaura.

Pakati penjodzi nomwe dzaSophocles (c. 496-406 BC) dzakachengetwa dzakakwana, Antigone pasina mubvunzo inotora nzvimbo yakasarudzika. Semunhu ane gamba, kupfuudza kwemuratidziri kwakatungamira kuverengeka kuverengeka kwemazana emakore (nekugashira kwakanakisa mutheater yemazuva ano) uye kwakaunza fungidziro dzehuzivi dzemarudzi ese.

Hunhu, chimiro chemakakatanwa pakati peumwe nechaunga, anozvifadza uye anohuita kuti uve mupenyu. Creon, mambo weThebes, anoisa kurambidzwa kwekuviga maPolynices, akamutsa nyika uye akaurawa muhondo yehama. Antigone, achipesana neaya akajeka mirairo, anokanda hushoma hura pachitunha chemukoma wake, nokudaro achimupa guva rekufananidzira.

Iliad

Ulysses anochengetedza chiyero chinonakidza pakati pezvinonakidza uye zvinosuruvarisa, Achilles inonyatsojeka epic kunyangwe kumashure kwayo kune zvakare kuverenga kwemunhu kunogona kuwedzeredzwa kune chero nguva. Iyo Iliad inyaya yenyaya dzemhosva neruvengo izvo vanhu vanokwanisa kuchengeta kubva pazvishuvo zvavo zvakakanganisika. Hondo dzinonyanya kuti, hondo yeTrojan inotsanangura mumunhu mumwe nomumwe, kubva kuAchilles kuenda kuHector, ichipfuura neAgamemnon kana Patroclus, iyo yose yezvido zvinotiita kuti tipesane uye hondo.

Mazuva mashoma gore rekupedzisira regumi ramakore rakakombwa guta reTroy neAchaean, vanopa mamiriro ezviitiko zvinorondedzerwa muIliad, nhetembo yechinyakare mumabhuku eWestern.

Chigadzirwa chetsika refu yemuromo, iyo epic, sekuyambira kwazvinoita munyori mundima yekutanga, inotaurira nyaya yemhedzisiro yekuda kwevanhu. Achilles, akatsamwiswa nehasha dzaAgamemnon, uyo semutungamiri weboka revaGiriki akabvuta mugove wake wezvakapambwa kubva kuBriseida, afunga zvekubva muhondo. Asi hazvizotora nguva yakareba kuti adzokere kwaari, aine hutsva hwakavandudzwa, zvichitevera kufa kweumwe wake Patroclus pamaoko eTrojans.