Mabhuku matatu ehuzivi akanakisa

Izvo zvinoda kuziva kuti vanhu vari kudzoreredza sei yavo yakasarudzika nzvimbo mune dzidzo seyetekinoroji inofambira mberi uye Artificial Intelligence looms (kana kuti panzvimbo inovandira) sechimwe chinhu vanouya kuzotitora isu sevanhu vanobudirira munzvimbo zhinji. Uye ini handisi kungotaura nezvevanhu senge chirongwa chedzidzo, iko iko iko iko nyaya kwave panjodzi. Icho zvakare inyaya yebasa. Nekuti mazhinji makambani makuru ehunyanzvi anoshuvira vashandi vanokwanisa kusvika uko michina inorota chete (nod Firipi K. Dick uye ake androids achirota emagetsi emakwai).

Isu takasiiwa nehunyanzvi uye kufunga kwekuzviisa pasi, pfungwa yakakosha yezvinhu uye kudzungaira kana kuratidzira kwemazano senzvimbo isingasvikike nemuchina (Ay si asimov kana zvimwe zviri kure senge Wells ivo vachaona mazuva ano ...). Nekudaro, iyo yekusiyanisa chokwadi, iyo spark uye uzivi seakadaro inzvimbo inodiwa utiziro nhasi. Robhoti haimbofa rakashamisika kuti rinobva kupi uye kuti riri kuenda kupi. Tinoita.

Philosophy, uzivi ... Uye ini ndichitora zvinyorwa zvesainzi vanyori. Nei zvichidaro? Pamwe nekuti zviri nyore kwazvo kuti isu tinobatanidza huzivi naThales weMireto kana Nietzsche apo isu tichimutsa iye anodzokorora weBlade Runner achiwana chidimbu chake chemweya, achitsanangurira munhu zvese zvaakaona uye kuti zvicharasika mundangariro yake yemabheti semisodzi inonaya ...

Pano ndiri kuenda kuunza mashoma mabhuku nevakuru vanofunga (ikozvino tiri kuenda kune vazivi). Hakuzove nevose varipo kana nevaya varipo. Vazhinji venyu mucharasikirwa nezvakanaka, hwaro hwezvose. Asi uzivi hwakafanana nezvose, nyaya yekuravira. Kune avo kune avo Kant anoita seasinga goneki hunyanzvi (ini kusaina kusaina) uye anotenda kuti zvese zvaPlato hazvigone kuve zvakanakira vadzidzi vaSocrates. Handei ipapo ipapo, vanozvifunga ...

Wepamusoro matatu akakurudzira mabhuku efilosofi

Yakadaro Zaratrusta, naNietzsche

Ndine urombo, ini ndiri mutendi akazvipira muNietzsche uye ndinonzwisisa kuti iri basa rinofanira kuverengerwa nemunhu wese anotsunga kutarisa kune metaphysical, epistemiological kana kunyangwe kurangarira pakasiiwa makiyi. Chero nzira yekusahadzika kushoma kwekutenderera inofanirwa kukwevera ngetani dzeiyo ego yakashongedzwa nekuona sekushora, mamiriro sechibatiso uye mamiriro ezvinhu ekuve sechirevo. Ipapo superman yatinayo tese mukati anogona kushuvira kuwana kiyi. Uye ipapo hapana munhu achatenda isu. Tichava nyowani yeEcce homo kuchema pamwe nechokwadi chedu semhedzisiro sezvo isina chinhu.

Ndinofanira kureurura kuti pandakanga ndiine bhuku rekutanga naNietzsche mumaoko angu, chimwe chinhu chakaita serudzi rwekuremekedza chakandirova, sekunge ndaive nerimwe bhuku rinoyera pamberi pangu, iro bhaibheri reagnostics rakatsunga kumira zvakadaro. Izvo zvemunhu mukuru zvakandirova, zvakavakirwa, zvakavimbika, zvinokurudzira ..., asi dzimwe nguva zvakanzwikawo kwandiri kunge zvikonzero zvemurume akakundwa, asingakwanise kutizira kunzvimbo isina chinhu.

Summary: Kwaanounganidza muchimiro che aphorism chakakosha uzivi hwake, hwakagadzirirwa kusikwa kwemunhu mukuru. Izvo zvakataurwa kuti nekudaro Spoke Zarathustra inogona kutorwa senge inopesana neBhaibheri, uye inoita bhuku remubhedha kune avo vanotsvaga Chokwadi, Zvakanaka uye Zvakaipa.

Hurukuro pane nzira, naRené Descartes

Kwete kuunza Descartes kusarudziro yemafirosofi mabhuku kwakafanana nekugadzira mbatatisi omelette isina hanyanisi, sakaramende. Kana Descartes akaunza kwatiri iko kufunga kwekufunga sehupenyu hwekuvapo, tinogona kuvimbisa kuti Descartes yakatanga pakutanga nesainzi pragmatism. Chiedza makore kure neNietzsche, muDescartes kune hushamwari huzivi, kuvimba nehungwaru kutarisana chero nzira kubva pano nepapo, kubva pasi rino kana kubva mundima yemafungiro ...

Cartesianism yakafa kare. Pfungwa yaDescartes, zvisinei, inopona uye ichapona chero bedzi rusununguko rwekufunga ruripo segwara rekuratidzira. Iyi nheyo inoita ngano inonaka kwazvo ingagadzirwe nemunhu, uye izvi zvinokonzereswa nevanhu, muchikamu chikuru, kuDescartes uye, kunyanya, kumabasa maviri ane muverengi mumaoko ake. Kuverenga Descartes ndeimwe yeakanyanya kurovedza muviri ekurarama kuri kwakanyanya kukurudzira kwefilosofi yazvino: kusahadzika kwakapfuura, kusahadzika sekutanga kwenzira yeruzivo rwechokwadi.

Nekudaro, iko kukoshesa kukuru kwezvinoitika kuva wekutanga rationalist wepamutemo munhoroondo yefilosofi, kwave kuri kwake nuanced kutsoropodza kwekufunga kwakasimba. Hapana, zvirokwazvo, chinogona kugamuchirwa nekuda kwesimba chero zvaro. Iri gamba repfungwa dzazvino, mumashoko aHegel, akatungamira huzivi munzira dzaisambonzwisiswa kare, akashinga, kuzviisa mumashoko aDalembert, kudzidzisa misoro yakanaka kubvisa joko rekudzidzira, kwemaonero, kweVane chiremera; mushoko rimwe, rerusaruro nehutsinye uye, nekumukira uku kune michero yatinounganidza nhasi, zvaita kuti uzivi hunyanye kukosha zvimwe kupfuura zvese izvo zvine chikwereti kune vakakurumbira vatsivi veDescartes.

Guta guru naKarl Marx

Nekuda kwekukosha kwaro mune zvemagariro, ndinotenda kuti pfungwa dzaKant dzinonongedzera kuuzivi hwakakodzera kwazvo hwebudiriro yedu yazvino. Iyo social class system chibvumirano chakasainwa chinotibvumidza kuti tidzivise gakava riri pasi pechirevo chedemokrasi, kuenzana uye nehumwe hunyengeri. Uye ndezvekuti Marx akaita nechido chakanaka kumusoro wevashandi. Asi vavandiri vakapihwa. Zano rekupedzisira raive rekuita kuti munhu wese afare kuburikidza neop ...

Inofungidzirwa sechinhu chakagadzirwa naMarx. Kuti usangane nemuvengi wako, zvakakosha kuti umuzive ... Uye ndosaka bhuku iri richinzwisiswa nechinangwa chekuparadzanisa hupfumi hwezvematongerwo enyika, nezvose zvinoreva kuti chinangwa ichi ndechekuti zvematongerwo enyika nehupfumi nguva dzose zvinofambidzana.

Ruoko rusingaonekwe rwaAdam Smith runoda rumwe ruoko rwababa vehurumende vanoziva kudzoreredza zvakawandisa zvemwanakomana asinganzwisisike senge musika. Iri ibasa rakanyorwa kwemakore maviri asi rakapedzwa naEngels kuburikidza nemubatanidzwa wakamutora makore mapfumbamwe mushure mekufa kwaMarx.

Ichokwadi ndechekuti basa iri padhiabhori redhiistori pamberi paro panoratidzwa chimiro chaMarx chinova chimwe cheZvibvumirano zvakanakisa zvehurongwa hwehutungamiriri mune chero hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hupi hwekuita, pakufungidzira uye chete chido chekupedzisira chekugutsa chido.

Zvehukuru hwakakomba hwehunyanzvi, zvisinei hazvo zvinounza kupenya kwemashoko, kucherechedzwa kwepasi pevhu kwehurongwa hwemabhizimusi ...

Mamwe mabhuku anonakidza efilosofi ...

Kunze kwechikwata ichi chemabasa efilosofi epasirese, pane huzivi hunotsvedza kuenda mungano uye hunotarisana nezviripo nezvevanyori uye neanodarika nezve zvirevo zverondedzero. Uye zvakare zvakanaka kuti unakirwe nehunyanzvi uhu hwashanduka ukava dimikira. Ini ndauya, tinoenda ikoko nemanovhero matatu akanaka efilosofi ...

Dhayari reSeducer, rakanyorwa naSoren Kierkegaard

Iyi inoverengeka inogona kutaridzirwa semutangiri wevanyori vakawanda vakatsunga kupa mune avo mavara iwo mapikicha ehunhu ayo akadzika kudzika kune visceral, kunyangwe psychosomatic.

Uye kune izvo chete, pamusoro pekukosha kwayo, ndinozvisimbisa pakutanga. Shure kwezita iri nechitarisiko cheino rose runyorwa, pane nyaya ine simba pamusoro pechinhu chekuzviisa pasi cherudo, chishuwo, uye kugona kwayo kushandura chokwadi. Uye zvechokwadi, hapana zvirinani kune anofunga nezve kudzama kweKierkegaard pane kubvisa nekushaikwa kwerudo kubva kwaanogona kunyora rondedzero. Nekuti zvese zvinotanga kubva kune rimwe rerudo rwechokwadi nemaronda avo.

Juan naCordelia ndivo vanoda nyaya iyi. Kuda kwaJuan kwakavanzika sekuti rudo runovanza zvese zvehungwaru zvechirongwa, nepo Cordelia achidzoserwa mukutambura kwekutodanana, kutaura kwakatosiiwa nevanyori vatsva venguva. Juan nekufamba kwake nepasirese pasina mibvunzo mikuru pane zvaaida zvakanyanya. Juan uye madhiraivha anomufambisa nemazuva ake. Zvichida mufaro asi zvirokwazvo kusaziva. Kurema kwekufamba nemuchiitiko senge chinhu kana kuyedza kunzwisisa chiri chokwadi kupfuura padanho rehupenyu.

Nyika yaSofia naJostein Gaarder

Iine chirevo ichocho chekuchinja panguva yekutarisa rondedzero yevana kana yevechidiki sengewo sumo yekuverenga, ino novel yakave yekutengesa panguva imwe cheteyo umo hunhu hwayo hwekutsungirira, pfungwa yayo yechinyakare, yakafungidzirwa pa. yaMudiki Muchinda kana Nyaya isingaperi.

Mumwe nemumwe wavo kubva kuchimurenga chishongo chake chemabhuku evadiki mazera akashandurwa kuita hwaro hwenhoroondo yezvinyorwa zvinonzwisiswa kubva pakutsigira kwekutanga kudzidza kwenyika. Iyo isingakanganwike Sofía inoonekwa seyakavhurika munhu pasina mamiriro kune ruzivo, kune ruzivo. Tsamba iyo inopedzisa ichimuendesa kune ruzivo rwepasirese irwo tsamba iyo isu tese tinowana pane imwe nguva muhupenyu hwedu, iine mibvunzo yakafanana nezve chokwadi chekupedzisira chezvose.

Kubata kwenhau yezvakavanzika kwaive chinhu chisingarambike chevaverengi vadiki, iko kufananidzira kwezviitiko zvaro kwakabata vazhinji vamwe vakuru kuvhurika mukununurwa kwekutanga kwakaratidzwa kune nyika iyo yatakatambura nayo semashiripiti kuti tidzokere kumibvunzo yekare iyo yatisina kumbobvira taita. pindura zvizere. Kufunga nezve zvatiri uye magumo edu kuri kuramba kuchitanga patsva. Uye Sofia, iro etymological chiratidzo chehungwaru, tiri tese.

Nausea, naJean Paul Sartre

Kubvisa nhaurwa kubva kuzita iri kunotofungidzira kuverengeka kwemahara, kukanganiswa kwekuona kwekusagadzikana. Kuvapo, kuva, isu tiri chii? Iyi haisi mibvunzo inokandirwa pane nyeredzi pane inoshamisa yakajeka usiku.

Mubvunzo unoenda mukati. Antoine Roquetin, protagonist wenyaya ino haazive kuti inochengeta uyu mubvunzo unononoka, uchimanikidza kuzvizivisa pachawo nemibvunzo yayo inorema. Antoine anoenderera mberi nehupenyu hwake, hupenyu hwake semunyori uye muongorori. Nausea ndiyo nguva yakaoma iyo mubvunzo unomuka pamusoro pekuti isu tiri chimwe chinhu chaicho, kupfuura zvatinoita uye maitiro.

Antoine munyori anozova Antoine muzivi uyo anotsvaga mhinduro uye ane manzwiro ekuganhurwa asi ekusafa, kushushikana uye kuda kwemufaro.

Kurutsa kunogona kudzorwa pamberi pedzungu rekurarama, asi mhedzisiro yaro inogara iri ... Iyi iri bhuku rake rekutanga, asi atove nemakore makumi matatu, zvinonzwisiswa kuti kukura kwavo, muzivi aive achikura, kusagadzikana munharaunda kwakawedzera, kuvapo kwaiita kunge kungoparadza. Chimwe chiitiko chekupedzisira cheNietzsche chinobuda kubva pakuverenga uku.