Kwa wokonda chilichonse chokhudza zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi monga ine, wolemba monga Víctor Hugo amakhala wofunikira kwambiri kuwona dziko lomwe lili pansi pa chikondi cha nthawiyo. Lingaliro la dziko lomwe linasuntha pakati pa esoteric ndi zamakono, nthawi yomwe makina amapanga chuma cha mafakitale ndi masautso m'mizinda yodzaza anthu. Nthawi yomwe m'mizinda yomweyi munali kukongola kwa ma bourgeoisie atsopano ndi mdima wa gulu la ogwira ntchito zomwe mabwalo ena adakonza pofuna kuyesa kusintha kwa chikhalidwe cha anthu anakhalapo.
Amasiyanitsa izi Victor Hugo ankadziwa momwe angagwiritsire ntchito zolembalemba. Ma Novel odzipereka pazolinga, okhala ndi cholinga chosintha mwanjira ina komanso ndi chiwembu, chosangalatsa kwambiri. Nkhani zomwe zikuwerengedwa lero ndi chidwi chenicheni cha kapangidwe kake kokwanira komanso kokwanira.
Pankhani ya Víctor Hugo, Les Miserables ndiye buku lapamwamba kwambiri, koma pali zambiri zoti mupeze mwa wolemba uyu. Tiyeni kumeneko.
Mabuku 3 olimbikitsidwa ndi a Victor Hugo
Osauka
Zaluso sizingachotsedwe pamalo awo apamwamba. Zolemba zazikulu za Victor Hugo ndi izi. A Jean Valjean atha kukhala ofanana, malinga ndi wolemba wodziwika kwambiri mdziko lonse, ndi Don Quixote wathu.
Mnyamata woyesedwa kulemera kwa lamulo ndi dziko limene ankakhala. Khalidwe lomwe kudzera mwa iye timaperekedwa ndi nkhondo ya anthological ya zabwino ndi zoipa, kusinthidwa ku nthawi yake ya mbiri yakale, koma yowonjezereka mosavuta ku mphindi iliyonse ya chitukuko chathu.
Chidule: Jean Valjean, yemwe anali womangidwa kale yemwe anatsekeredwa m’ndende kwa zaka 20 chifukwa chakuba mkate, akukhala munthu wachitsanzo chabwino amene amalimbana ndi mavuto ndi kupanda chilungamo ndipo amadzipereka kuti asamalire mwana wamkazi wa mkazi amene anayenera kukhala hule. pulumutsa mtsikanayo. Choncho, Jean Valjean amakakamizika kusintha mayina ake kangapo, anagwidwa, kuthawa ndi kuwonekeranso.
Nthawi yomweyo, akuyenera kuthawa Commissioner Javert, wapolisi wosasunthika yemwe amamutsata wotsimikiza kuti ali ndi milandu ndi milandu. Kulimbana pakati pa ziwirizi kumachitika pakuwukira kwa 1832 ku Paris, komwe, pamipanda yotchinga, gulu la achinyamata okonda kuyimirira limaimirira gulu lankhondo poteteza ufulu. Ndipo, mwa zonsezi, nkhani zachikondi, kudzipereka, chiwombolo, ubwenzi, ...
Chifukwa kupita patsogolo, lamulo, moyo, Mulungu, French Revolution, ndende, mgwirizano wa anthu, umbanda, zimbudzi za Paris, chikondi, nkhanza, umphawi, chilungamo ... chilichonse chili ndi malo ambiri a Victor Hugo. ntchito yayikulu komanso yotchuka, Les Misérables.
Mbiri yabwino kwambiri ya mbiri ya France mu theka loyamba la zaka za m'ma 1848, kuchokera ku Waterloo kupita kumalo otchinga a XNUMX, Victor Hugo modzifunira adafunafuna ndi Les Misérables mtundu wamalemba wopangidwa ndi anthu komanso dziko lamakono, buku lathunthu. Osati pachabe, iye akumaliza motere: “...
Tsiku lomaliza la munthu woweruzidwa kuti aphedwe
Chilango cha imfa sindiwo mutu womwe mavuto azikhalidwe akuyambika lero. Imfa ya munthu mmodzi mmanja mwa wina, ngakhale lamulo lidalamulira, zakhala zikutsutsana nthawi zonse. Victor Hugo adathana nawo m'bukuli.
Chidule: Mkaidi wosadziwika wamndende akuganiza zolemba maola omaliza amoyo wake muzolemba. Kusatsimikizika, kusungulumwa, kupsinjika ndi mantha zimatsatirana munkhani yomwe imathera pomwe izi zikuchitika.
Kudzera mukuvutika kwa wolemba nkhaniyo, bukuli limakana phindu lililonse loti aphedwe: ndichopanda chilungamo, chopanda umunthu komanso chankhanza, ndipo gulu lomwe limazigwiritsa ntchito lili ndi mlandu ngati wina aliyense. Nthano yosanthula kapena sewero lapamtima, monga momwe wolemba wake adanenera, ili patsogolo pa nthawi yake yogwiritsa ntchito monologue yamkati, yomwe idzakhala ndi chitukuko chachikulu m'nkhani ya m'zaka za zana la XNUMX.
Amfumu amasangalala
Wofanizira nthawi zonse amakhala ndi cholinga cholakwira, ngakhale chikumbumtima kudzera munthabwala zachisoni. Víctor Hugo amapanga chiwonetsero chomvetsa chisoni, chakumalire koopsa kwa Valle Inclán.
Chidule: The King Has Amusement, lolembedwa ndi Victor Hugo, ndi gawo lochititsa chidwi la dongosolo loyamba, osati chifukwa cha chisokonezo chomwe chinazungulira pa masewero ake oyambirira mu 1833, komanso chifukwa cha kufotokoza kolondola kwa protagonist wake wamkulu, jester Triboulet, ndi njira yaluso imene umunthu wake wachinyengo umatchera msampha umene iye mwini adzagweramo. Kupotoza uku kukuwonetsedwa mu etymology ya dzina lake, triboler, lomwe mu Chifalansa Chakale limatanthauza kuzunza, kuvutitsa, zomwe jester wathu sasiya kuchita.
Ntchito ya oweruza kukhothi inali yovuta kwambiri kuposa zongopeka chabe, ndipo pali umboni kuti adagwiritsa ntchito chenjezo, pomwe mawonekedwe awo akunja (Triboulet ndi hunchback) anali ngati wotsutsana ndi zachikhalidwe komanso koposa zonse kuchita bwino za mtundu weniweni, mwina kuti uwonjezere kapena kuuchepetsa.
