Chimodzi mwazinthu zabwino kwambiri m'bukuli ndikuti, pakusintha kwake, yatsegulira mwayi wambiri, pakadali pano ikudziwonetsera ngati mtundu wolemba kwambiri wokhoza kukhala ndi zolinga ndi zolimbikitsa zosiyanasiyana.
Ndimabweretsa lingaliro ili kuchokera ku lingaliro la Iris Murdock yomwe imagwirizanitsa mwanjira yake mbiri yakale yopanga ndi chifuniro chomaliza pakati pazomwe zilipo (kudzipereka kwake kwa Sartre Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi), zofunikira komanso kukhudza otchuka zomwe zimatha kupereka mphika umodzi wosungunuka kuchokera pamalingaliro apamwamba osamutsidwira kwa anthu wamba omwe amadzakhala ngwazi zazikulu pamavuto awo.
Pamapeto pake ndi za wafilosofi yemwe adasimba nthano. Njira yabwino kwambiri yofalitsira malingaliro a moyo wolimidwa kwa aliyense amene angafune maziko omwe amapanga chikhalidwe chaumunthu omwe amasunthidwa m'madzi amkuntho otsutsana ndi anthu. Kudzudzula, kusinkhasinkha kozama komanso nthabwala kwenikweni zimachokera mukumvetsetsa kwa moyo wotsutsana.
Cholinga chachikulu cha wafilosofi aliyense ndi nzeru, kupereka kwa mana kuti aziyenda m'chipululu ndi mwayi wina wopulumuka. Mabuku a Murdoch amabweretsa nzeru za tsiku ndi tsiku, malingaliro amenewo amayang'ana kwambiri pamakhalidwe omwe samachita kanthu koma kuwunikiranso zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kukhala wokhudzidwa kwathunthu kapena chidole chabe.
Koma ndikuumiriza kuti tikulankhula za wolemba mabuku. Mwakutero, wolemba waku Ireland uyu akumaliza kunena nkhani kuti iwerengedwe mwanjira ina iliyonse, motsogozedwa ndi aliyense, pomaliza pomaliza moyo watsopano wa otchulidwawo kwa owerenga omwe atha kukhala pansi kwambiri kapena, osachepera, ndi inertia ya protagonist pantchito, galasi lomwelo lomwe lingamvetsetse kuti mupeze zovuta zapadziko lapansi.
Mabuku Otchuka 3 Olembedwa ndi Iris Murdoch
Pansi pa ukonde
Iris Murdoch adaganiza kuti nthawi yake yolemba buku idafika zaka zopitilira 30, atachotsa malingaliro a Sartre m'nkhani yolembedwa mwatsatanetsatane za umunthu ndi zomwe adayamba.
Ndipo monga zimachitikira nthawi zambiri pomwe a avant-garde amalowerera, bukuli lomwe lidawona masana mu 1954, lidali lofunika kwambiri patadutsa zaka zambiri. Nkhaniyi imayambira pa wolemba Jake Donaghue, mnyamata yemwe adathamangitsidwa m'moyo komanso kutali ndi maloto ake opambana, chinthu chimodzi chomwe nkhani yonse imagwiritsa ntchito munthu aliyense mwa iwo kuti afufuze malingaliro andale omwe apanga dziko lapansi ndi chiyani.
Chikondi ndizomwe zimakhalapo pokwaniritsa chiwembucho, kusewera kwa kuwala ndi mthunzi komwe kumayika Jake, Anna ndi Hugo kumapeto kwa ubale wosatheka. Mfundoyi yapita patsogolo pofunafuna Jake kuti adziwone ngati wolemba, yomwe imamupangitsa kuti akhale pakati pa buku labwino lomwe lingafotokozere mwachidule lingaliro lopangika kwambiri, komanso lingaliro lokoma lakuzindikirika pagulu ngati cholinga chokha.
The silencer, buku la Jake, limakhala maziko amtsogolo mwa otchulidwa, omwe njira zawo zokumana ndi zovuta ndi zovuta zimasunthira pakati pamalingaliro azikhalidwe ndi kusokonezeka kwamaluso, pomaliza ndikuwona zoperewera zaumunthu zomwe timayesa kukhazikitsa milatho yosakhazikika yakumvetsetsa kwathu ndi njira yathu yolankhulirana.
Nyanja, nyanja
Ntchito yopatsidwa kwambiri ndi wolemba waku Ireland. Apanso timalowa m'malingaliro a Mlengi ndi zilembo zazing'ono, zamunthu woperekedwa kuzinthu zopeka ngati kalilole yemwe angawonetse momwe aliri potengera kumvetsetsa kocheperako komanso kumvetsetsa kwa Plato.
Charles Arrowby amadziwika kuti ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri odziwika bwino pamasewera pambuyo pa Shakespeare. Kuchokera pamalingaliro ake apamwamba, Charles akuwoneka kuti akukhulupirira kuti angathe kuwongolera moyo wake komanso nthawi yake. Chikondi chakale cha Charles chikuwonekera kale mu ukalamba wa wopuma pantchito wopanga ntchito yake.
Ndipo akupitilizabe kuganiza kuti nthawi yonse yapitayi zilibe kanthu, kuti chikondi chomwe chidatha chidakali chake. Mary adatchedwa chikondi chija ndipo adzakhala iye yemwe adayang'ana kupezeka kwa wolemba wakale wakale m'masiku otuwa omwe amawoneka kuti ndi okalamba. Mwina Charles samamukonda Mary kwambiri ngati kuti amalakalaka nthawiyo amakhala mumoyo wachikondi chosatha, ngati dzenje lomwe lingamulole kuti abwerere ku unyamata wake.
Amatha kuchita chilichonse, ndiye waluso, wopanga nkhani. Mary akumaliza kulandidwa ndi Charles ... pokha pokha ndikuti chitsimikizo cha misala chikubwera mwa Charles ndi kukhumudwa kwakukulu komwe kulipo. Palibe chomwe chitha kupulumutsidwa kuyambira kale, ngakhale kwa iye.
Maloto a Bruno
Zaka zosayembekezereka zimafika pomwe zakale zimapitilira mwamphamvu, ngakhale kupuma. Zitha kuchitika mzaka za m'ma 90 kapena kuposa kale. Pazaka 90 zokha za Bruno, kuchotsedwa kwa zenizeni sikungapeweke.
Bedi la Bruno ndi dziko lake, ali ndi malingaliro oti sangakulepheretseni kuchita zochepa kwambiri pamoyo. Kuganizira za buku lomwe munthu amakhala wosagona pabedi ndikumakumbukira Gregorio Samsa mphindi zochepa asanagonjere zolemba zake.
M'malo mwake Bruno pafupifupi ali ngati kangaude. Nthawi zonse ankakonda tizilomboti kuti posakhalitsa timagonjera kupirira kwa maola akuyembekezera wozunzidwa akamadumphira mu ukonde wake watsopano. Bruno ndiye kangaude yemwe pa intaneti yathu tikupeza anthu ambiri atsopano omwe adadutsapo, otsalira kumamatira ngati mpira kapena owononga mwamphamvu.
Maukonde olumikizana ndi anthu monga a Bruno amamaliza kulemba nkhani yonena za chikondi, chidani ndi zina zomwe zingamveke pamoyo wawo wonse.
