Mmodzi mwa olemba omwe adapeza bwino pakati pa mawonekedwe ndi zinthu (zabwino za wolemba aliyense kuti athe kupeza owerenga ovuta pachilankhulo komanso omwe amadzilola kutengeka ndi mbiri yabwino), anali Gustave Flaubert.
Ali wachinyamata, Flaubert akhoza kuyimira bwino mnyamata wamakono wochokera ku banja lolemera lomwe likufuna kutsogoleredwa ku maphunziro a maphunziro omwe angadziwe tsogolo labwino (makamaka makamaka m'masiku amenewo pamene achinyamata ochepa angakwanitse kuphunzira).
Koma flaubertNgakhale amayesera kuti amalize maphunziro ake azamalamulo, malingaliro ake anali otanganidwa ndi zomwe wopanga zobisika. Mabuku anali njira yake, ngakhale anali asanamvetse kwenikweni za izo.
M'malo mwake, ndi zinthu zochepa chabe zomwe zimawoneka m'moyo wa wolemba wamkulu. Palibe chilichonse chokhudza moyo wamtawuni womwe ungakule bwino ngati mwana wamwamuna, kapena wodziwika bwino paubale wapagulu, kupitilira zaka khumi zoyanjananso komanso kusiya ntchito ndi wolemba ndakatulo Louise Colet.
Bwerani, a zofananira zosagwirizana zomwe m'munda ngati mabuku mokha mungapeze njira pazovuta zake komanso placebo kuti akhazikike m'malingaliro ndi nzeru.
Ngakhale Flaubert anali wosakhazikika komanso wowoneka bwino, ntchito yake idali ndi chiyembekezo chofuna ungwiro, mwina mosiyana ndi dziko lake lomwe linali pamavuto.
Ma Novel Ovomerezeka Atatu Olembedwa ndi Gustave Flaubert
Madame Bovary
Monga buku loyera, palibe ntchito ina yomwe imayandikira chimake cha The Quixote muli bwanji. Kupanga kwa munthu wathunthu komanso wovuta monga Emma Bovary amatha kudzaza zochitika zonse. Chilichonse chimazungulira Emma komanso nkhondo yake yolimbana ndi zomwe zidakonzedweratu. Tsoka losalekeza limapachikidwa pa Emma, ​​lodziwika ndi zomwe zidachitika munthawi yake.
Ndipo chifukwa cha ichi, maziko azomwe Vargas Llosa ingakhale chiwembu chabwino kwambiri chapansi panthaka chomwe chimasuntha buku, mitsinje ikuluikulu inayi:
- Kupanduka, Emma ndiye amamutsogolera kuti akumane ndi mphepo yamkuntho.
- Chiwawa: zomwe zimadza chifukwa cha kukhumudwa, kuchokera ku kusatheka kupeza chimwemwe, kuchokera ku kukakamizidwa kwa makhalidwe abwino kwa munthu payekha.
- Melodrama: Emma, ​​ngati khalidweli ndiwamphumphu. Wowerenga akapeza mawonekedwe athunthu ndipo amatha kumumvera chisoni, nkhaniyo imakhala melodrama yake yomwe imaposa kuwerenga ndikuwaza moyo wa owerenga.
- kugonana: Kuzindikira mphamvu ya nkhani yakugonana yomwe ikumwaza zanzeru monga kuwerenga sikungakhale kolakwika osati kungolimbitsa nkhani komanso kuyendetsa zoyendetsa pafupi ndi luntha.
Emma mwina ndiye woyamba kukhala wamkazi wamkulu womasulidwa pazabwino zomwe zimalemetsa komanso kuchepa azimayi.
Kuyesedwa kwa San Antonio
Mzimu wa Flaubert unkayenda pakati pa nkhawa, zodetsa nkhawa zomwe tsopano zitha kubala zipatso m'zinthu zabwino zomwe zimatha kutifooketsa kapena kutitalikirana ndi dziko lonse lapansi.
Bukuli, lomwe lili pakati pa kufotokozera kwanzeru ndi ulendo wa Dantesque, likutifikitsa pafupi ndi bwalo lamasewera la munthu, kukhala ndi moyo ngati chiŵerengero cha anthu otchulidwa m'mbiri yachabechabe, ku dzanja lopanda kanthu lomwe limapangitsa chilichonse kuyandikira kulephera kwa moyo ndi imfa.
Mayesero a mdierekezi amamveka bwino pazimenezi. Kupereka kwa mdierekezi podziwa kuti palibe chilichonse mu zisudzo za moyo chomwe chingakukhutiritseni kwambiri ndikosavuta. Kusagonja ku icho ndi nkhani yongodzimva bwino ndi kukhulupirira kuti pangakhale chinachake chimene chimalungamitsa kuvutikako, popanda ngakhale kulingaliridwa kutali chomwe chingakhale.
Kukumbukira wamisala
Ngakhale zomwe zitha kuganiziridwa pamutuwu, mutuwu ukuphatikiza ndendende malingaliro onena za lucidity. Munthu amakonzanso zenizeni zake, amaziwola.
Akakwanitsa kuchotsa chizindikiritso chake, amatha kukhala ndi moyo wabwino kwambiri, malo olingalira momwe amapezera kutchuka, ulemu, kugonana komanso chisangalalo. Wamisala wathunthu yemwe amakwaniritsa chilichonse popanda kuvutika ndi moyo wake wosasiya.
Ena onga iye amamutcha wopenga, zowona zake ndikuti aliyense ndiwopenga, makamaka iwo omwe sachita nawo dziko lokongolali lomwe adapanga ndipo zimawonekeranso pagulu lina.
Magulu apamwamba kwambiri ndi omwe pamapeto pake amalingalira za ena ndi chitetezo ndikutsimikiza kwathunthu kuti amayenda ngati openga kufunafuna zomwe sadzakhala mbali iyi.
