Mutha kutero Francis Ayala palibe chomwe chinatsala kuti chilembedwe. Ngati nthawi yomwe tili nayo ikhoza kugwirizanitsidwa ndi mtundu wina wa ntchito, Ayala anali ndi maola onse padziko lapansi. Ntchito yake ikugwirizana ndi tanthauzo la umboni wake wofunikira kuyambira pomwe adapulumuka zaka zonse za XNUMXth. kwathunthu, zaka zana lomwe adayenda kwambiri ndipo nthawi zonse anali pafupi ndi nthawi yofunika kwambiri m'mbiri ya Spain, Europe ndi Latin America.
Kuonjezera apo, mfundo yakuti akhoza kutalikitsa masiku ake mpaka atadutsa zaka khumi zonse za m'zaka za zana la XNUMX zikhoza kuganiziridwa ngati tsogolo lamwayi lomwe linatha kumupanga kukhala wolemba mbiri wamkulu womaliza wa mapeto oipa a zaka chikwi.
Mwachiwonekere, tsopano kuyang'ana pa bibliography Francisco Ayala amakhala chithunzithunzi wathunthu wa mabuku a ku Puerto Rico mmene iye anafotokoza zenizeni ndi zopeka, mabuku ndi nkhani, nthawi zonse ndi avant-garde mfundo mu nkhani ndi otsutsa mu chonyezimira, okhazikika mu zochitika ndi zatsopano. malingaliro omwe adamupangitsa kuti achite upainiya ndikusintha chifuniro cha m'modzi mwa anthu okonda umunthu, oganiza bwino komanso opanga mbiri mu Mbiri yathu.
Mabuku 3 apamwamba ovomerezeka ndi Francisco Ayala
Agalu amapha
Nkhani ya Ayala imawonekera nthawi zonse ku ntchito yake yolemba, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pamapeto pake azikhala ndi zolinga zachikhalidwe, zandale komanso zamakhalidwe m'makhalidwe ake onse.
Ndimapulumutsa ntchitoyi poyambirira pamphamvu yake yamphamvu, malo omwe munthu amatha kukhala chinthu choyipitsitsa chomwe akadalota.
Chifukwa chakuti mphamvu zimaipitsa ndi kulungamitsa mchitidwe uliwonse pachifukwa. Kwa Ayala, kugulitsa zauzimu kwa chidwi cha prosaic nthawi zonse kumamaliza kuvula munthu pamaso pa zotsutsana zake zopotoka.
Makhalidwe a Antón Bocanegra ndi chitsanzo cha munthu yemwe adadzutsidwa m'masautso ake ndipo amatha kulamulira dziko la America (Buku linalembedwa mu ukapolo wa Ayala ku Puerto Rico) ndi chifuniro chokha cha kunyada kwake. Nkhaniyi inanenedwa ndi Pinedo, yemwe anali wosavomerezeka kuona zomwe zikuchitika.
Mutu wa mwanawankhosa
Nkhani zisanu zamphamvu kwambiri za Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni ku Spain. Buku loletsedwa kwa zaka zambiri komanso lomwe, litamasulidwa ku censorship, lidayamba kufalikira ku Spain ndi malingaliro opambana a chilengedwe poyang'anizana ndi ulamuliro waulamuliro waulamuliro wotopa.
Kusindikiza kwake koyamba kunachitika ku Buenos Aires mu 1949. Pakalipano akulemba nkhani zisanu zomwe zatchulidwa pamwambapa ndipo zomwe zili ndi mutu wozungulira nkhondo ku Spain chapakati pa zaka za m'ma XNUMX.
Ndipo ndikunena pakati pa zaka za m'ma XNUMX chifukwa ntchitoyi ikupitirira mpaka kale ndi pambuyo pake, ku zotsatira za mikangano yapitayi ndi pambuyo pa nkhondo ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa choonadi chapadera chimenecho cha wopambana, chokhazikitsidwa ngati chiphunzitso cha inquisitory. Ntchito yachikale iyi ya Francisco Ayala, koposa zonse, idawonetsa zokumbukira zowawa zomwe zidasinthidwa kukhala zilembo ndi zokonda.
Munda Wokondweretsa Padziko Lapansi
Lofalitsidwa mu 1971 monga mtundu wa zokumana nazo ndi zowonera za Ayala zomwe zimayang'ana kwambiri pamawu komanso zofuna zandale ndi zandale za Spain yomwe idakali Francoist.
Buku lokhala ndi fungo la mbiri yakale ya munthu yemwe anali atatsala pang'ono kukalamba (ngakhale kuti anali ndi zaka zoposa 30 za moyo) ndipo ali ndi nzeru zachidziwitso, prism ya ku ukapolo amene amawona popanda kuledzera. zomwe zikuchitika m'dziko lakwawo.
Nkhani yopangidwa kukhala chojambula chodziwika bwino chokhala ndi m'mbali mwa malingaliro ofunikira monga chikondi, kutayika, kukhumudwa komanso zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe monga mphamvu, ulamuliro, ndi machitidwe achikhalidwe. Chilichonse chimaphimbidwa ndi zolemba zaluso, monga Munda wa Zosangalatsa womwewo, womwe Ayala amapanga nkhani yosinthira.
