Pali olemba omwe amabisala kumbuyo kwa ntchito zawo zabwino kwambiri. Ndi nkhani ya Aldous Huxley. Dziko losangalala, lofalitsidwa mu 1932, koma lokhala ndi khalidwe losatha, ndilo buku lapamwamba kwambiri limene woŵerenga aliyense amazindikira ndi kuliona kukhala labwino. A Buku lopeka la sayansi yopitilira muyeso lomwe limawononga zandale komanso zandale, m’lingaliro lodziŵika kale kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m’ma 1900 ponena za chimene chitukuko cha anthu chingakhale chifukwa cha dongosolo lake lachitukuko lowonjezereka ndi losafikirika kwa ambiri a mamembala ake.
Kuyenerera kwa munthu pamakhalidwe omwe alipo, m'malamulo oyenera komanso m'mabungwe omwe akufunsidwa nthawi zonse kumakhala kovuta. Munthu, yemwe nthawi zonse amatsutsana ndi chilengedwe, sangathe kugonjera malamulo okhazikika, pokhapokha ngati atsogoleri angathe kukwaniritsa zotsatira, chinyengo, chinyengo chotigonjetsa tonsefe.
Ndipo kale m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, olemba ngati Huxley iyemwini kapena George Orwell adakweza zomwe amayembekeza mtsogolo mwa ma dystopi, atolankhani komanso atazindikira zoona. Pakadali pano, osati kawirikawiri timadzipeza tokha tikubatizidwa mtsogolo muno ndi zomwe zilipo pakadali pano, zomwe zidakwaniritsidwa ngati ulosi wokhutiritsa wokha wovumbulutsidwa ndi olemba ngati awa awiri am'mbuyomu komanso ena omwe adasinthiramo zopeka zasayansi yandale.
Mabuku atatu ofunikira a Aldous Huxley
Dziko losangalala
Sizikanakhala mwanjira ina. Poyambirira paudindo wa wolemba uyu ndipo mwina mkati mwa kusanja kokulirapo kwa mabuku azaka za zana la 20. Ngati mukumva kukhumudwa, tengani mlingo wa soma ndikusintha maganizo anu kuti mukhale osangalala omwe dongosolo limakupatsani.
Kuti mukulephera kudzikwaniritsa mdziko lapansi lopanda umunthu, tengani soma kawiri ndipo dziko lapansi lidzakukumbatirani mumaloto abwinobwino akutalikirana. Chimwemwe sichinali china chilichonse kupatula kusintha kwa mankhwala. Chilichonse chomwe chimakuzungulirani ndi dongosolo lodziwikiratu lokhala ndi malangizo oyambira pakati pa stoicism, nihilism ndi hedonism ya mankhwala ...
Bukuli limalongosola dziko lomwe maulosi oyipitsitsa akwaniritsidwa: milungu yogwiritsira ntchito komanso yopambana, ndipo orb ili m'magawo khumi omwe akuwoneka otetezeka komanso okhazikika. Komabe, dziko lino lapereka zofunikira zaumunthu, ndipo nzika zake zimatulutsidwa mu vitro mchifaniziro ndi mawonekedwe amtundu wa msonkhano.
Chilumbachi
Lingaliro lophulika la Dziko Latsopano Lolimba Mtima, chiwonetsero chake chodabwitsa komanso chidwi chodabwitsa cha chikhalidwe cha anthu chimayenera kukhala chokhazikika m'malingaliro a wolemba. Kubwerezanso ntchito yayikulu sikungakhale kophweka, kotero ndi bwino kuti musagonje pa lingalirolo. Koma Huxley, ali ndi mzimu wabwino, adaganiza zolemba za utopia yomwe ingathe kuposa dystopia ya ntchito yake yayikulu.
Chilumbachi chikuyimira dziko lomwe lingatheke pomwe anthu amatha kudzikwaniritsa ndikukhala osangalala munthawi yomwe moyo umatilola kukhala achimwemwe, pomwe kuphunzira ndi nzeru zimatha kukhala zachisoni. Kutha kudzizindikira. Ngakhale adalidi wochimwa koma wopanda malingaliro, Huxley adanenanso m'bukuli kuti zoopsa zimakhalapo nthawi zonse.
Pachisumbu cha Pali, m’nyanja ya Pacific yongoyerekezera, mtolankhani Will Farnaby atulukira chipembedzo chatsopano, chuma chatsopano chaulimi, sayansi yoyesera yodabwitsa, ndi chikondi chodabwitsa cha moyo. Zosintha zenizeni za Dziko Latsopano Lolimba Mtima ndi Dziko Latsopano Lolimba Mtima, chilumbachi chimabweretsa pamodzi malingaliro onse ndi nkhawa za malemu Aldous Huxley, mosakayika m'modzi mwa olemba odzipereka komanso osangalatsa azaka za zana la 20.
Kuchokera apa, kusinkhasinkha pamikhalidwe yomwe Farnaby imakhala nayo, yakumadzulo, imachokera mosavuta ndipo imawafunsa mafunso. Zokambirana pakati pachilumba chachilendochi ndi dziko lakumadzulo zikuwunikira, koposa zonse, moyo wakumadzulo komanso zoopsa zomwe zimakhudza anthu.
Nthawi iyenera kuyima
Pali moyo wambiri ku Huxley kuposa Science Fiction. Ndimakhulupiriradi kuti wolemba nkhani zopeka za sayansi amatha kukhala katswiri wafilosofi yemwe amangonena za anthu padziko lapansi. Chifukwa kwenikweni, dziko lapansi, zakuthambo, ndi chinthu chosadziwika kwa ife, ndipo Science Fiction nthawi zonse imachita ndi zinthu zosadziwika.
Ichi ndichifukwa chake pankhaniyi, tikupeza ntchito yabwino kwambiri pamunthu, kukula kwake, kuphunzira kwake komanso dziko lokhala ndi moyo wopangidwa ndi chitukuko chathu. Sebastian Barnac ali ndi zaka XNUMX. Ndi wachinyamata wamanyazi kwambiri, wokongola komanso wokonda ndakatulo, yemwe amalimbikitsa chikondi ndi kukoma mtima pazinthu zake zachibwana. Nthawi ina yotentha amapita ku Italy ndipo nthawi imeneyo maphunziro ake adzayamba.
Bruno Rontini, wogulitsa wopembedza yemwe amamuphunzitsa zauzimu, ndipo Amalume Eustace, omwe amamuwonetsa kuzinthu zosangalatsa zamoyo, adzakhala aphunzitsi ake. Koma zonsezi ndizongopeka chabe kuti Aldous Huxley apange ntchito yomwe ikupita patali kwambiri: buku la malingaliro, buku la otchulidwa, kutsutsa mbiri ya anthu komanso ulendo wopita ku zenizeni zosadziwika; buku lomwe limafutukula machitidwe a anthu mpaka, mu epilogue, zikuwonetsa, nthawi yomweyo, ukulu wake wonse ndi zowawa zake zonse.
Yoyamba kusindikizidwa mu 1944 ndipo Huxley mwiniyo ndi buku lake labwino kwambiri, Time Must Stop ndi gawo la mavesi otchuka a Shakespeare ndipo, kuchokera pazenera lochititsa chidwi la XNUMX English English, timachita chidwi ndi luso la Huxley. komanso, koposa zonse, pakufufuza kwake kodabwitsa pazotsutsana za filosofi yazaka za zana la XNUMX, mkhalidwe weniweni wa zowawa, chiyembekezo ndi nthawi.
