Mabuku atatu abwino kwambiri a Benito Pérez Galdós

Benito Pérez Galdos ndi chiwonetsero cholongosoka cha utolankhani kapena kuchokera pazolemba zolemba. Ntchito yake yopeka yambiri imawonekera mwamakhalidwe ndi kalembedwe kolemba mbiri. Amakhala ngati malipoti, nkhani zongopeka zokhala ndi ma nuances omwe nthawi zonse amadziwa zokumana nazo ndi chidindo chotsimikizika, kuyambira pazomwe zilipo mpaka pakusintha kwamakhalidwe omwe adakhalapo komanso munthu yemwe adakumana ndi nthawi ya Pérez Galdós, pakati pa zaka za zana la khumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi ndi XX.

Wolemba wa Chimodzi mwazambiri zolembedwa zakale zaku Spain. Wotsimikizira mokhulupirika chowonadi chomwe, mwa iye, chimathera pakupanga kuchuluka kwa zolemba zakale, zaanthu omwe malingaliro achi Spain amapangira utoto wathunthu komanso wovuta. Kuyendera buku lililonse la Benito Pérez Galdós kumakulowetsani m'zaka za zana la khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu kukopa otchuka.

Zomwe wolemba anali nazo nthawi zonse zinali malo otetezedwa mwansanje omwe amadzutsa kukayikira komanso kutanthauzira kosiyanasiyana masiku ano, makamaka pankhani ya umbeta wake kufikira masiku ake omaliza. Wokangalika pandale ndikudzipereka ku Republic mpaka zotsatira zake zomaliza komanso chidwi ndi zisudzo, monga chidwi cholemba zomwe, pakalibe sinema, ndipo mwina ndikukhala ndi chisangalalo chachikulu, adapereka gawo pazolinga zake zambiri .

Mwina mbali yake ya ndale inachititsa kuti aiwale m’masiku ake otsiriza, moti imfa yake inali yosadziŵika bwino. Ngakhale mwina, bwanji osatero, pansi pamtima anali wokhutitsidwa ndi kusanzikana komwe kunali pafupi kwambiri ndi kukhudza kwake komvetsa chisoni adasilira Tolstoy kuti ayi chifukwa chodzitukumula kwa anthu olemekezeka kwambiri komanso ozindikirika omwe adafa mu 1920 pomwe Spain idayamba kusiyanitsa pakati pa zabwino ndi zoyipa ...

Mabuku 3 ovomerezeka a Benito Pérez Galdós

Mipingo yadziko

Pa moyo wake, munthawi zosiyanasiyana, Benito Pérez Galdós adadzipereka kuti alembenso laibulale ina ya History of Spain. Ziwerengero zazing'ono zazomwe zikuchitika mdziko lathu, zolumikizidwa ndi malingaliro owoneka bwino komanso amatsenga a wolemba, molemekeza zomwe zidachitika koma adatsimikiza kupulumutsa zomwezo kuti zithe kupitirira mtundu wamtundu wazotsatira zake, zakupitilira kwa ma nuances, amabweretsa madera a anthu omwe amawona zochitika zambiri komanso zambiri zomwe zidakwiyitsa.

Ndikuyang'ana pa intaneti ndidapeza voliyumu yomwe ikufotokoza mwachidule Magawo onsewa omwe asonkhanitsidwa m'mabuku ake anayi. M'malingaliro anga, kuyesayesa koyamikirika kwa Benito Pérez Galdos kupanga ntchitoyi kukhala umboni wake waukulu wa zolemba, podziwa momwe angamangire zaka za moyo wake, ndi chisonyezero chodalirika cha zomwe wolemba ayenera kukhalira, munthu amene amapereka moyo wake kulemba. Zitha kukhala za kulemba zopeka zakutali kwambiri kapena zenizeni zapafupi kwambiri. Mfundo yake ndi yakuti wolemba ndi zomwe ali pamene akulemba, pamene amasunga lingaliro kuti likhale lokonzekera, pamene akusinkhasinkha momwe angapitirire nkhani yake. Zina zonse ndi zowunikira, zowonetsera komanso zoyankhulana ...

Agogo

Kanemayo adasokoneza chithunzi cha Fernando Fernán Gómez ngati agogo ake okhwima komanso okonda. Kutsutsana komwe kudachitika chifukwa chofanizira ndi bwalo lamkati la mwamunayo, zokumana nazo ndi zovuta zake. Pazomwe zimachitika moyenera, timapezanso mwayi wokhala ndi zoopsa komanso zomvetsa chisoni, mpaka pamiyeso yamasewera, osachita mopitilira muyeso koma ozindikirika ndi malingaliro okhazikika kuchokera kumangongole ndi chikondi, kudziimba mlandu, kukwiya komanso kufunikira kwa chiyanjanitso pomwe tikudziwa kale kuti nthawi yomwe yatsala ndi yochepa.

Chidule: Pambuyo pa imfa ya mwana wawo wamwamuna, Don Rodrigo, Count of Albrit abwerera kuchokera ku America kupita ku tawuni yake kuti akapeze kuti ndi mdzukulu wake uti yemwe ali wovomerezeka. Lucrecia, mayi wa ana awiri aakazi (Dorotea ndi Leonor) asankha kunyenga agogo ake pomuuza kuti Dorotea ndiye mdzukulu wawo. Agogo ake amakonda msungwanayo kenako Lucrecia amamuuza kuti mdzukulu wawo ndi Leonor. Agogo, pamapeto pake, amaphunzira kukonda zidzukulu zawo ziwiri, ndikuiwala ulemu. EL ABUELO ndi m'mabuku azokambirana omwe, pokana dongosolo lachikhalidwe la kusiyana pakati pa amuna ndi akazi, amakhala gawo lomaliza la ntchito ya Benito Pérez Galdós.

Fortunata ndi Jacinta

Buku lalikulu kwambiri, koma lomwe nthawi zonse limakhala ndi zovuta kwambiri pamalembedwe. Kusangalala mu mawonekedwe ndi zinthu, kulinganiza komwe sikophweka nthawi zonse kukwaniritsa. Pali mfundo yochititsa chidwi yomwe imapangitsa chidwi cha owerenga nthawi zonse. Ndi chiwembu chapadera, chokhudza anthu a m'dzikoli ochokera m'magulu olemera, koma idakali yamphamvu kwambiri. Kukhala mumzinda ngati Madrid kuli ngati mtima womwe umatha kugunda ndi tsamba lililonse lowerengedwa.

Chidule: Atakhala ku Madrid, pakati pa Disembala 1869 ndi Epulo 1876, amatenga nkhani ya mayi wazamalamulo: Jacinta ndi wokonda: Fortunata, wolowa m'malo Juanito Santa Cruz, amasiyana moyo wapabanja, wamunthu komanso wogwirizana, ndikuwonetseranso mikangano.

Okonda kukondana amadutsa, ma bourgeoisie amalemeretsa, osachita kanthu, osangalala, osasamala zakale ndi zizolowezi zopanda cholakwika, anthu apakati, omwe amangogwira ntchito yawo, komanso omwe amayesetsa kupeza malo ogona ndi maphunziro, opanikizika ndi mikangano, ubale pakati pa makalasi, kuyambitsa misonkhano ku malo omwera ku Madrid komanso 'wafilosofi wothandiza': Evaristo Feijoo ndi chilengedwe cha anthu otsika, chofunikira: mkangano wagawo lachinayi umayang'ana Fortunata ndi chigololo chake, atathana nawo chifukwa cha nsanje.

Mabuku ena osangalatsa a Benito Pérez Galdós

tristana

Luso la Benito Pérez Galdós pakupanga zilembo zomwe ndizowonetserako za bourgeoisie aku Madrid komanso kusanthula kwamalingaliro amunthu, zikuwonetsa kuthekera kwake konse ku "Tristana". Protagonist wa bukuli amayesetsa kupandukira mabanja komanso zochitika zina zomwe zimamulepheretsa kupeza ufulu komanso chisangalalo. Kulephera kwake ndikupambana kwachisoni kwa gulu lankhanza komanso lopondereza lomwe limalimbikitsa kukhazikika kwake polipitsa kugonjetsedwa ndi kuwonongedwa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kuwukira misonkhano yawo ndikulamula.

Kuzunzidwa

Lofalitsidwa mu 1884, pakati pa El Doctor Centeno ndi La de Bringas, lomwe limagwira ntchito ngati mtundu wa katatu, «Tormento» limazungulira chithunzi cha Amparo Sánchez Emperador, mwana wamasiye wamantha komanso wosasinthika yemwe malingaliro ndi zokhumba za Agustín Caballero - Mmwenye wolemera kwambiri, wopangidwa mmoyo wankhanza komanso wamtchire wa dziko latsopano ndipo akufunitsitsa kuphatikizidwa ndi gulu lomwe wabwerera - ndi Pedro Polo, wansembe wokonda zachiwerewere yemwe ali ndi chikhalidwe chankhanza yemwe amalepheretsa kusowa ntchito.

Ndili ndi Amparo wokongola ngati mwala woyesera, onse a Polo ndi a Caballero ali ndi nkhondo yamuyaya ya Galdosian pakati pa Chilengedwe ndi anthu, atazunguliridwa ndi malo owoneka bwino, monga Felipe Centeno, José Ido del Sagrario, Father Nones ndipo, koposa zonse, Rosalía ndi Francisco Bringas, yemwe amachititsa chidwi kwambiri nkhaniyi.