Olemba 10 abwino kwambiri aku Spain

Timayamba mu blog iyi ndi kusankha kwa olemba abwino kwambiri ku America ndipo timawoloka charo kachiwiri kuti tiyang'ane tsopano pa olemba abwino kwambiri achi Spanish. Monga nthawi zonse ndimalimbikitsa ubwino wa olemekezeka kuganiza kuti chirichonse chiri chokhazikika. Kwa ife kusankha kofunikira kwa olemba achi Spanish kungakhale kwa owerenga ena mndandanda wosavuta wa olemba omwe ali ndi kuzama kwakukulu kapena kocheperako pamawonekedwe azolemba omwe angachokere. Cervantes mpaka kuphulika komaliza.

Zonse ndi nkhani yopita ku chisankho chomwe nthawi zonse padzakhala maumboni abwino kunja kwa khumi. Choncho musamachite mantha potengera zomwe mumakonda. Tonse takhala tikuyang'ana zolemba kuchokera kumagulu ovomerezeka monga phunziro lophunzitsira panthawi imodzimodziyo ndikuwononga malaibulale m'njira yowonjezereka. Ndipo moona mtima, njira yachiwiri ndiyozizira kwambiri. Chifukwa zimadziwika kale kuti wolemba kapena buku lomwe amakonda amafika mosayembekezereka, kukonza kapena kutsatira malingaliro.

Nkosavuta kukopeka ndi ntchito chifukwa chakuti bwenzi lathu latilangiza kuposa chifukwa chakuti ukoma wa tsikulo unatamandidwa m’kalasi lakutali la kusukulu ya sekondale, pamene mwinamwake sinali nthaŵi yoŵerenga. Ziphuphu kapena José Luis Sampedro. Chojambula chingatipangitse chidwi nthawi yomweyo ndi chidwi chimenecho Sungani. Zolembazo zimafunikira kufufuza kwina. Mwina sizili m’masamba oyambirira kapena mwina si nthawi yabwino kwambiri... Mfundo yake ndi kuwerenga ndi kubwerezanso kuti tipeze kuti kukongola kwa zimene zinalembedwa kungatifikire pamene nyimbo zina zimagwirizana. Tiyeni tipite kumeneko ndi pang'ono za chirichonse

Olemba 10 apamwamba kwambiri aku Spain

Jose Luis Sampedro. Matsenga okhudza mzimu

Anamwalira mu 2013 ndi cholowa cholemba chomwe chimapitilira lingaliro lililonse lofotokozera pakati pa zopeka ndi zopeka. Wolemba wamkulu ameneyu atachoka, palibe amene adzatha kudziwa kuti anafika pati pamene anafika pa nzeru zosaneneka zimene anazisonyeza pofunsa mafunso kapena kukambirana kulikonse, ndipo zimene zinalembedwa bwino kwambiri m’mabuku ambiri.

Chofunikira tsopano ndikuzindikira maumboni, kutenga ntchito yosawonongeka pakudzipereka kwawo kukhalapo, kutulutsa zabwino kwambiri za moyo wamunthu kudziko labwino. Jose Luis Sampedro Iye anali woposa wolemba, anali chowunikira pamakhalidwe omwe chifukwa cha cholowa chake titha kuchira nthawi iliyonse.

Kubwereranso kuntchito yake ndikuwunika kudzera mwa otchulidwa, kuti mupeze ndi kupeza opambana a inu, kudzipereka kuumboni wakuti mawu akhoza kuchiritsa kupitirira kudzikweza, kulimba mtima komanso phokoso lomwe chilankhulochi chimapezekanso lero.

buku lake "The Old Mermaid" chionekera koposa zonse, mwaluso kuti aliyense ayenera kuwerenga kamodzi pa moyo wawo, monga amanena zinthu zofunika. Khalidwe lililonse, kuyambira ndi mayi yemwe amayika bukuli pakati ndipo amapitilira kutchedwa mayina osiyanasiyana (tiyeni tikhale ndi Glauka), amafotokoza nzeru zamuyaya za munthu yemwe akanakhala ndi moyo wambiri. Kuwerenga kwachinyamata, monga momwe zinalili mu kuwerenga kwanga koyamba, kumakupatsani prism yosiyana, mtundu wa kudzutsidwa ku chinthu china choposa zosavuta (komanso zotsutsana ndi zoyaka moto) za nthawi imeneyo isanafike msinkhu.

Kuwerenga kwachiwiri mu msinkhu wachikulire kumakupatsirani chisangalalo chokongola, chosangalatsa, chokhudza, za zomwe mudali komanso zomwe mwatsala kuti mukhale ndi moyo. Zikuwoneka zachilendo kuti buku lomwe lingamveke ngati mbiri yakale lingathe kufalitsa zonga izi, sichoncho? Mosakayikira, kukhazikitsidwa kwa Alexandria wokongola m'zaka za zana lachitatu ndikomwe, malo abwino pomwe mumazindikira kuti lero ndife anthu ochepa kuyambira pamenepo.

Sindikuganiza kuti pali ntchito yabwinoko yomvera anthu otchulidwa m'njira yofunikira, mpaka kukuya kwa moyo ndi m'mimba. Zili ngati kuti mutha kukhala m'thupi ndi m'maganizo a Glauka, kapena Krito ndi nzeru zake zosatha, kapena Ahram, ndi mphamvu zake komanso chifundo chake. Kwa ena onse, kupitirira otchulidwa, ma brushstroke atsatanetsatane a kutuluka kwa dzuwa ku Mediterranean, akuganiziridwa kuchokera ku nsanja yayitali, kapena moyo wamkati mwa mzindawu ndi fungo lake ndi fungo lake amasangalalanso kwambiri.

Arturo Perez Reverte. Kusefukira muzinthu ndi mawonekedwe

Chimodzi mwazinthu zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za wolemba ndi, kwa ine, kusinthasintha. Wolemba akatha kupanga mitundu yosiyana kwambiri ya zolengedwa, amawonetsa kuthekera kodziposa yekha, kufunikira kofufuza zatsopano komanso kudzipatulira kwaukadaulo wopanga, popanda kukhazikika.

Tonsefe timadziwa ziwonetsero zapagulu za Arturo Pérez Reverte kudzera pa XL Semanal kapena pa malo ochezera a pa Intaneti ndipo pafupifupi samakusiyani opanda chidwi. Mosakayikira, njira iyi yosakakamira pazomwe zakhazikitsidwa kale ikuwonekeratu kuti amakonda kulemba chifukwa cha izi, ngati malonda aulere, popanda zofunikira pakutsatsa (ngakhale kumapeto kwake amagulitsa mabuku ngati ambiri).

Tikabwerera koyambirira, timapeza kuti mabuku oyamba a Arturo Pérez Reverte iwo ankayembekezera kale sewero la sopo limene iye anatikonzera. Chifukwa ngakhale muzolinga zake zodziwika bwino za utolankhani zidasefukira ndi kutchuka osasiya konse mbiri yake. Kenako kunabwera nthano zake zopeka, zolemba zake zachinsinsi, nkhani zatsopano kapena nthano. Wanzeru wothawa sadziwa malire amitundu kapena masitayelo.

Ndikukupatsirani nkhani ndi imodzi mwa nyimbo zake zotchuka kwambiri:

Miguel Delibes. Wolemba mbiri wa intrahistorical

Ndi chithunzi cha Miguel Ziphuphu Chinachake chapadera kwambiri chimachitika kwa ine. Kuwerenga koopsa komanso mtundu wowerengeranso panthawi yake. Ndikutanthauza... Ndinawerenga buku lake lodziwika bwino kwambiriMaola asanu ndi Mario»Ku Institute, pansi pa dzina lowerenga mokakamizidwa. Ndipo ndidatsirizira korona wa Mario ndi omulira ake ...

Ndikumvetsetsa kuti nditha kutchedwa kuti ndine wopanda pake chifukwa chokana bukuli ngati losafunika, koma zinthu zimachitika momwe zimachitikira ndipo panthawiyo ndimawerenga zinthu zamtundu wina. Koma… (m'moyo nthawi zonse pali ma buts okhoza kusintha chilichonse) Patapita nthawi ndinalimba mtima ndi El hereje ndipo ubwino wa kukoma kwanga kwa kuwerenga kunasintha chizindikiro cha wolemba wamkulu uyu.

Sikuti buku limodzi ndi linzake ndilokwiyitsa, zinali zambiri pamikhalidwe yanga, kusankha kwaulere kuwerenga, zotsalira zolembedwa zomwe munthu amapeza kale pazaka zambiri ..., kapena ndendende, zaka zomwe zidakhala. Ine sindikudziwa, zinthu chikwi.

Mfundo ndi yakuti kachiwiri ndikuganiza kuti ndinalimbikitsidwa ndi Los Santos Inocentes ndipo kenako ndi ntchito zina zambiri ndi wolemba yemweyo. Mpaka pomaliza kuganizira kuti mmbuyo mu 1920, pamene Delibes anabadwa, mwina zina Perez Galdos (kwa ine bwino mu chiwerengero cha Delibes) amene anamwalira mu chaka chomwecho, iye akanatha kubadwanso mwa iye kupitiriza kutitumizira masomphenya a zolembalemba Spain, truest wa onse.

Nayi imodzi mwa ntchito za Delibes zomwe zikupindula kwambiri pakapita nthawi:

Xavier Marias. Kaphatikizidwe kankhani

Dongosolo la zolembedwa ngati gulu la zowerengera zomwe mungapangire luso lapamwamba kwambiri. Kuwerenga Javier Marías kumatanthauza digiri ya master mumayendedwe ake oyeretsedwa koma nthawi yomweyo amatha kusokoneza modabwitsa kwambiri.

Mosasamala kanthu kuti mukutsutsa kapena mukutsutsa, zinali zabwino kuthamangira pagulu ngati Javier Marías yemwe anamwalira. Wolemba yemwe sanadzitseke yekha kuchoka ku pambuyo pa choonadi ndi mphamvu zake zapakati pamaganizo apadera, monga lingaliro lodabwitsa la libertarian. Pokhapo (inde, ndi katchulidwe ka mawu, wononga RAE pa izi) gulu ili la anthu likhoza kupanduka kuchoka pa malo awo ngati nyali yaluntha kuti apange china chake chothandiza kuchokera ku gulu lachidziwitso, losakondera, ndi maonekedwe akuda.

Chinachake ngati Pérez Reverte, inde. Koma poyang'ana kwambiri zolembalemba, Marías ndi nkhani yotsogola kwambiri, yofunikira kwambiri, yaluntha kwambiri koma nthawi yomweyo inagwedezeka m'madzi ofunikira a chiwembu chomwe chilichonse chimapanga mafunde ogwirizana kufunafuna magombe komwe angatenge Dziko lapansi. . Ndikumverera, pa nkhani ya Javier Marías, atatenga ulendo wosangalatsa pamwamba pa kuphompho kwakuya kapena kukhazikika pofunafuna chirichonse chomwe chimayenda pansi.

Dolores Redondo. The Spanish noir boom

Zingamveke zonyansa kuyika wolemba mabuku wakuda pamalo ano osagwadira Vázquez Montalbán kapena González Ledesma. Koma ndi bwino kuvomereza zimenezi Dolores Redondo imapatsa mtundu wa noir mawonekedwe olimbikitsidwa ndi ma nuances omwe ndikuwonetsa. Palibe chochita ndi noir yomwe idapangidwanso m'malo oyipa omwe amatha kulowererapo pakati pa ndale kapena gawo lina lililonse lamphamvu zomwe zimakumbukira nthawi zapafupi ndi olemba komanso zomwe owerenga awo ankakonda kwambiri. Mabuku a Vázquez Montalbán ndi chithunzi cha chowonadi chobisika chomwe chidapangitsa tsitsi lanu kuyimilira, ndipo otchulidwa ake adachita chidwi ndi mphamvu yakuyipa kwawo.

Dolores Redondo, monga mlembi aliyense wa mabuku akuda, amatsimikizira kuti gawo la protagonist likuzunzidwa ndi zochitika zake. Palibe ngwazi ya noir yomwe imadutsa kukhala mtundu wopanda banga, kapena kudziimba mlandu, kapena kuvutika. Komanso, mu ntchito za Dolores Redondo, nthawi zambiri pamakhala milandu yomwe umathamangira chigawenga. Koma m'mabuku a wolemba uyu ziwembu, ponena za milandu, zimakhala zosokoneza kwambiri, zomwe zimadzutsa chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri mwa owerenga.

Mosaiwala zina zomwe ndimayembekezera kale. mabuku a Dolores Redondo ali ndi mbali zambiri zopititsira patsogolo luso lawo ngati ntchito yofotokozera nkhani. Mphamvu za Telluric ndi zinsinsi zofanana, maubwenzi omwe ali ndi poizoni kuchokera ku zinsinsi amavomereza kwa owerenga okha kapena amasiyidwa mokayikira, pakufunika kwa chiwembucho. Zili ngati chisinthiko cha nkhani zaupandu zomwe zasinthidwa kuti zigwirizane ndi masiku ano omwe amafunidwa kwambiri ndi owerenga.

Carlos Ruiz Zafon. chinsinsi mu mtsempha

Mogwirizana ndi olemba zinsinsi zazikulu padziko lonse lapansi. Ndipo atakhazikika paguwa lomwelo monga momwe amafotokozera zamtundu wake, nkhani ya Ruiz Zafón ndi yosaiwalika chifukwa cha kuthekera kwake kutisunthira kumalo omwe ali pachipata pakati pa zenizeni ndi zongopeka ngati kuti kusinthaku kunali kotheka. Nkhani zotayika kwambiri ndi wolemba wosangalatsa uyu…

Kubwerera mu 2020 m'modzi mwa olemba akulu kwambiri pazinthu ndi mawonekedwe adatisiya. Wolemba yemwe adakhutiritsa otsutsa komanso yemwe adadziwika kuti ndi wotchuka yemwe adamasuliridwa kukhala ogulitsa kwambiri pamabuku ake onse. Mwina ambiri kuwerenga Spanish wolemba pambuyo Cervantes, mwina ndi chilolezo cha Perez Wobwezeretsa.

Carlos Ruiz Zafon, mofanana ndi ena ambiri, anali atathera kale zaka zake zabwino zogwira ntchito molimbika m’malonda ansembe amenewa kuphulika kotheratu kwa Mthunzi wa mphepo, luso lake (mwa lingaliro langa komanso pamalingaliro omwewo omwe amatsutsa otsutsa). Ruiz Zafón anali ataphunzira kale zolemba za achinyamata, ndikupambana komwe kunaperekedwa ndi dzina losavomerezeka la zolemba zazing'ono zamtundu wina zomwe zimayenera kutamandidwa kwambiri. Osatinso kutembenuza owerenga atsopano okonda chidwi kuyambira ali aang'ono (zolembedwa za akulu zimadzipezerera zokhazokha ndi owerenga omwe amawerenga zowerenga zaunyamata mosakayikira kuti akafike kumeneko).

Koma ndiye kuti pofufuza malingaliro amalingaliro oyambitsa owerenga, Zafón adamaliza kudzilemetsa ndi mikangano yayikulu ndikukulitsa malingaliro ake osatheka kwa olemba ena. Ndipo kotero iye anayamba kugonjetsa owerenga chikhalidwe chilichonse. Kuthamanga pa ife tonse pakati pa masewera a kuwala ndi mthunzi wa mabuku ake akuluakulu.

Edward Mendoza. cholembera chosalemekeza

Wolemba yemwe wakwanitsa kusintha kuchokera ku XNUMX mpaka XNUMXst, nthawi zonse amapambana owerenga atsopano. Kapena mwina ndi nkhani yoti ntchito yake sadziwa za nthawi ndipo imayamba ndi zolemba zabodza zamakedzana zomwe zili ndi zambiri kuposa zolinga zanthawi zonse. Chifukwa Mendoza ali ndi zabwino ziwiri zomwe zimasiyanitsidwa ndi zomwe zatchulidwa, kusangalatsa kwa anthu ake komanso nthabwala zopambana zomwe nthawi zina zimasokoneza machitidwe ndi zosintha. Luso pautumiki wa zolemba zanu zomwe nthawi zonse zimakhala zopambana kupangira.

Pali ena amene amaumirira kulekanitsa mbali yoseketsa ya wolemba uyu. Mwina ndichifukwa choti nthabwala sizinthu zomwe zimaganiziridwa pofotokoza ntchito zoyenera, zomwe zimaperekedwa ndi a purists ku mitu yayikulu komanso yopitilira muyeso. Koma ndendende Mendoza amadziwa momwe angapambanire kupitilira apo mwa owerenga kuchokera ku nthabwala, akamasewera. Ndipo kumveka kosavuta kwa kupasuka komwe kungapereke pamene pamapeto pake kuswa kutsetsereka kumeneko, kumapereka nthabwala, mwazokha, malo omwe amatsutsidwa mwalamulo.

Almudena Grandes. zodabwitsa nthawi zonse

Si nzeru ndipo n’koopsanso kugwirizanitsa malingaliro andale ndi mbali zina za anthu. Zowonjezereka muzinthu zazikulu monga zolemba. Ndipotu, n'zosapindulitsa kuyamba ndime izi Almudena Grandes ngati ndikupepesa chifukwa chotsegula pakamwa panga. Kuti wolemba uyu amatanthauza zambiri kuposa zandale, siziyenera kukhudza ntchito yake. Koma n’zomvetsa chisoni kuti umu ndi mmene zinthu zilili.

Komabe, atamasulidwa kundende ndikumamatira ku ntchito yake, timadzipeza tokha pamaso pa wolemba yemwe adadutsamo zochitika zosiyanasiyana zofotokozera. Kuchokera ku zolaula mpaka zopeka zamakedzana, kudutsa mumtundu wamtundu wamakono omwe m'kupita kwa nthawi amakhala mbiri yolondola kwambiri yanthawiyo.

Tikuyang'anizana ndi ntchito yozindikiridwa ndi manja ndikukulitsidwa kwa zaka zopitilira 40 zomwe zimakhazikitsidwa mumkhalidwe wovutawo, wamasomphenya owonjezera ndi ofunikira akupita kwamasiku athu. Ngati olemba atha kukhala ndi ntchito yochitira umboni zomwe zidachitika monga olemba mbiri anthawi yawo, Almudena Grandes adachita bwino ndi zojambula zake zosayembekezereka. Nkhani za apa ndi apo ndi zenizeni za anthu oyandikana nawo.

Kumverana chisoni ndi otchulidwa ambiri obadwa kuchokera kumalingaliro a Almudena Grandes Mukungoyenera kuwapeza mwatsatanetsatane ndikukhala chete, pazokambirana zawo zowutsa mudyo komanso tsoka lalikulu la otayika omwe akusowa mawu omwe amawasandutsa ngwazi zamasiku onse, kukhala opulumuka omwe amakonda, kumva komanso kuvutika kwambiri kuposa ambiri. otchulidwa ena okondedwa kwambiri chifukwa cha kulemera monga sadziwa moyo weniweniwo kumene zinthu zina zimachitika zomwe mzimu umatenga.

Pius Baroja. zilembo zosakhoza kufa

Sindinathe kufotokoza izo. Koma pakati pa zowerengedwa zambiri pali zilembo zomwe zimalembedwa. Manja ndi zokambirana komanso malingaliro ndi malingaliro pa moyo. Anthu otchulidwa a Pío Baroja ali ndi zomwe sindikudziwa, monga kusangalatsidwa ndi chinsalu chomwe chimasungidwa pa retina.

Nditawerenga Mtengo Wodziwitsa ndidamva kuti ndapeza zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa munthu kufuna kukhala dokotala. Pio Baroja Zinali, asanayambe moyo wake kumakalata. Ndipo, m'mawu ake, pali mgonero wangwiro ndi moyo wake wamtali, womwe umafuna kufafaniza zakuthupi, mpaka pomwe mabuku okha ndi omwe angapeze zomwe zatsalira kumbuyo kwazamoyo ndi zowoneka.

Ndi zomwe ndidapeza mu Mtengo wa sayansi ikupitirirabe m’mabuku ake ambiri. Kukumana kofunikira kwa Baroja ndi zochitika zomvetsa chisoni pamlingo wadziko lonse, ndi kutayika kwa ziwiya zomaliza za kukongola kwachifumu, zidatsagana ndi mabuku ake ambiri, monga zidachitikira ndi anzake ambiri ochokera ku Generation ya '98. Ndizowona kuti sindinatero. sizinakhalepo zolemekeza zilembo zovomerezeka. Koma kunena za imfa m’nkhani ya pafupifupi anthu onse a m’nthaŵi ya m’badwo uno ndi chinthu choonekeratu.

Y Kutayika, kugonjetsedwa ngati maziko ofunikira nthawi zonse kumakhala ndi nkhani zaumwini kwambiri. Zonse zikanyowetsedwa mumalingaliro achisoni monga kusowa kwa maziko okhala, mitu yanthawi zonse yokhudza chikondi, kusowa chikondi, kudziimba mlandu, kutayika komanso kusapezeka imasokoneza, monga owerenga.

Koposa zonse, mabuku amtunduwu nawonso amawombolera, kutonthoza, ngati malo osungira owerenga omwe amadziwa kukhumudwa komwe kupita kwa nthawi kumaphatikizapo. Kukhazikika pachitsanzochi kunanenedwa, zenizeni zopanda pake kuti musangalale mokulira ndi chisangalalo cha zinthu zazing'ono zomwe zidapitilira ...

Camilo Jose Cela. mzimu wojambula zithunzi

Ndinkakayikira momwe ndingatsekere zosankhidwa zanga za olemba 10 abwino kwambiri achi Spanish. Chifukwa pali ambiri amene amakhala pazipata. Ndipo monga ndidanenera kumayambiriro kwa kulowa uku, mwina ubalewu udzasintha zaka zingapo. Ndipo ndithudi sizikanakhala zofanana zaka zingapo zapitazo. Funso la nthawi yomwe ife tiri. Koma kuyiwala Cela kunali mlandu.

Sitampu ya ku Galicia ndi chinthu chomwe Camilo Jose Cela kusungidwa moyo wake wonse. Khalidwe lapadera lomwe lingamutsogolere kuchoka kumalo odziwika bwino kupita ku chikhalidwe chodziwika bwino kwambiri, chodabwitsa panthawiyi ndi kuphulika kwina komwe kumakongoletsedwa ndi fungo la fungo la chikhalidwe, zomwe nthawi zina zimakhala zokopa zomwe nthawi zambiri ankaziwonetsa m'mabuku ake. Wotsutsana pazandale komanso nthawi zina ngakhale munthu, Cela anali munthu wodekha, wosiyidwa komanso wokanidwa mofanana, makamaka ku Spain.

Koma kwenikweni polemba, nthawi zambiri zimachitika kuti anzeruwo amalipira, kapena kuchepetsako, lingaliro lililonse laukali. Ndipo a Camilo José Cela anali ndi luso loterolo, mphatso yokonzanso zochitika zosaiwalika za anthu owoneka bwino, otsutsana, omwe adakumana ndi anthu wamba komanso zomwe zidalipo, zowonera za moyo wovuta waku Spain wotsutsidwa chifukwa chotsutsana, kupulumuka pamtengo uliwonse ndikuwonetsedwa kwanyansi. za munthu.

Akafika pamavuto amoyo, Cela amadziwa momwe angabwezeretsere zinthu monga chikondi kapena umphumphu, kudzikongoletsa komanso kuchitira ena zabwino. Ndipo ngakhale pamene, pakati pa tsoka la kubadwira pakati pa umphawi, mukuganiza za chisomo chochepa chakukula monga munthu wopanda cholowa, nthabwala ya acidic kapena yopanda pake imathera kukuwonetsani kuti moyo umawala kwambiri mosiyana ndi mdima.