Chimodzi mwazinthu zazikulu zofotokozera mu Spanish pamodzi ndi Mexico kapena Argentina. Kuchokera ku Chile timapeza olemba ambiri omwe amawonetsa zolemba zakwawo za carats ambiri. Zingakhale choncho m’dziko lodzala ndi kusiyanasiyana kwa malo. Kuchokera kuchipululu chochititsa chidwi cha Atacama, chomwe chimatha kumera nthawi yabwino; ku mzinda waukulu wa Santiago pakati pa mapiri ake; kumapaki ake amtundu ndi malo akumwera omwe amawonera kutha kwa dziko.
Zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimasiyidwanso mu mawonekedwe ake ofotokozera. Ma Quills amitundu yosiyanasiyana kuti akwaniritse owerenga omwe akufuna. Kuchokera ku ntchito zosawonongeka kupita ku zolembetsa zatsopano zamtundu wofala wa noir komanso kuthamangitsidwa mu avant-garde yamitundu yonse.
Mndandanda wa olemba omwe abweretsedwa pano, kuyambira pakati pa zaka za zana la XNUMX ndi masiku ano, ukhoza kuwonjezedwa kwa ena ambiri. Koma ndizomwe ziyenera kulimba mtima ndi masanjidwe, nthawi zonse pamakhala omwe amasiyidwa pakuyamikiridwa chabe kwa oweruza omwe ali pantchito.
Mwachitsanzo, Neruda amasiyidwa chifukwa ndakatulo sizinthu zanga. Kutaya kolemetsa komwe ambiri sangandikhululukire, koma ndi momwe zilili. Pano tikukhala kuchokera ku prose. Komabe, potsiriza ndi mophiphiritsa, ine ndasiya mndandanda pa 9 aakulu Chile olemba. Mpando wopanda kanthu wa Neruda, m'modzi mwa opambana kwambiri ngati tsiku lina ndingayerekeze ndi ndakatulo.
Olemba 10 apamwamba adalimbikitsa olemba aku Chile
Isabel Allende
Wolemba waku Chile Isabel Allende amayang'anira momwe amafunira zabwino kapena mphatso zazikulu zomwe wolemba aliyense amafunitsitsa kuti akwaniritse pantchito yake yonse: kumvera ena chisoni. Makhalidwe a Isabel Allende ndi zithunzi zowoneka bwino kuchokera mkati mpaka kunja. Timalumikizana nawo onse kuchokera kumoyo. Ndipo kuchokera pamenepo, kuchokera pagulu lamkati lanyumba, timaganizira za dziko lapansi pansi pamalingaliro omwe wolemba akufuna kuwonetsa kuti ndiwotsimikizika, wokonda kumva kapena wotsutsa ngati angakhudze ...
Chifukwa chake, mzanga, uchenjezedwa. Kudziyesa nokha kuti muwerenge mabuku aliwonse a mfumukazi yamakalata m'Chisipanishi kumatanthauza kusintha, kusuntha, kutsanzira miyoyo ina, omwe ali m'mabuku ake. Izi zimachitika motere, mumayamba kuwamvetsera akuyenda pafupi nanu, kenako mumazindikira momwe amapumira, mumatha kuzindikira kununkhira kwawo ndikuwona manja awo. Mapeto ake mumatha kukhala pakhungu lawo ndikuyamba kuwakhalira.
Mwachidule, ndiko kumva chisoni, kuphunzira kuwona ndi maso osiyana. Ndipo monga ndanenera nthawi zonse, ichi ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zofunikira kwambiri m'mabuku. Sifunso kuti mudzikhulupirire nokha mwanzeru, koma podziwa kumvetsetsa ena. Patulani ma dissertations amodzi pa ntchito ya Isabel AllendeNdikuganiza kuti ndilibenso zonena.
Robert Bolano
Neruda anali wolemba ndakatulo kwambiri. Koma mnzake Roberto Bolaño ndi chimodzi mwa zitsanzo zoonekeratu za kudzipereka ku zolemba m'mbali zake zonse. Ndipo nkuti pamene tsoka la matenda osachiritsika litamupachika pa iye ndi pamene iye ankaumirira kwambiri kulemba. Zaka khumi zotsiriza (zaka 10 zakumenyana ndi matenda ake) zinatanthauza kudzipereka kotheratu ku makalata.
Ngakhale chowonadi ndichakuti munthu ngati Bolaño sanawonetsere kudzipereka kotere pakulemba mabuku. Woyambitsa infrarealism, surrealism yamtunduwu idayimitsidwa ndikusamutsidwa ku zilembo za Chispanya, adalemba ndakatulo zazikulu, zokhala ndi zolemba zakale zomwe zidapindula pomwe amasankha kulemba. Umu ndi momwe Bolaño anali kukhalira ngati totem yotsutsana ndi chikhalidwe ndi mabuku ofotokozedwa m'mitundu yopeka, koma yophulika mkati ndi asidi ndi zowunikira zomwe zimatizunza ndi zenizeni zenizeni.
Jose Donoso
Zolemba zaku Chile zimapezeka mu Jose Donoso kwa wolemba nkhani wopambana kwambiri wazaka za zana la XNUMX. Osati kwenikweni munthawi yopambana, yomwe mwina ngakhale inali yochepera Isabel Allende, koma chifukwa cha kupezeka kwake m'mabuku ake. Donoso yemwe nzika yakomweko skarmeta adasilira chikumbumtima chake.
Kukoma kwazakudya zokoma kumafotokozera mwachidule zomwe Donoso akufuna mu mtundu uliwonse wamasewera omwe adasewera. Chifukwa funsoli ndiloti litilimbikitse kutulutsa zilembo zawo, kuti tikhalebe oganiza bwino pachiwembucho pomwe tikusangalala ndi kuthekera kwanzeru, kwanzeru.
Chilichonse chimatiukira mwanzeru komanso mwachidule, ndikuphatikizira kwa virtuoso wa zilembo. Ndiye palinso kulawa kwowawa kwachipembedzo komwe kumapangitsa chidwi kuchokera kutayika, kusweka mtima, kusakondwa, ngakhale zonsezi zidalipidwa ndi mawu okoma, okonda kwambiri komanso owoneka bwino. Kusamala pakukula kwa anzeru ngati Donoso ndi miyoyo yokhoza kusunga ndikumasulira masomphenya onse amoyo.
Antonio Skarmeta
Pambuyo pamutu ndi cholinga chofotokozera, mwangozi zomwe zidachitika pakati pa olemba aku Chile Isabel Allende y Antonio Skarmeta pangani zolemba zaku Chile kukhala imodzi mwazinthu zamphamvu kwambiri zamabuku aku Latin America.
Ngati tilingaliranso za kanema wa zina mwazintchito zake zazikulu, tiwona zolemba zomwe zikufanana, mwina mwa mgwirizano wamibadwo, kuwunikiranso zaanthu, cholinga chachikulu komanso kuchitapo kanthu kuchokera kwa anthu odziwika bwino. Palibe choti muwone kalembedwe komaliza koma mwadzidzidzi kumbuyo.
Pankhani ya Skármeta, kukonda kwake kanema kumafikira pamalemba, komanso kupangira utolankhani yodzaza ndiumunthu wazikhalidwe zamakedzana mosiyana monga mibadwo yosiyana yaumunthu ndi zomwe zapezedwa komanso zokhumudwitsa, zachithunzithunzi chazomwe zili ndi zovuta zake kapena chifuniro chake chowulula zotsutsana komanso zolakwika za munthuyo mwamakhalidwe onse.
Mwina ndi momwe amayesera kuphatikizira zosayerekezeka, chifukwa m'mabuku ambiri abwino kapena m'mabwalo ena amakanema, kuwunika nthawi zonse kumakhala ntchito zopanda pake. Nkhani iliyonse ndikukumana ndi zofunikira, ndi maliseche omwe wolemba aliyense ayenera kuyesetsa kudzutsa chikumbumtima, kuti afike pamtundu wotchukawo.
Zolemba ndi makanema ojambula makonda ndi zokonda za Skarmeta Aliponso mu ntchito zake. Ndipo Neruda amakhala mbali iyi mobwerezabwereza, mawonekedwe ndi ntchito yomwe idabwerezedwanso mwa chikumbumtima pakupanga Skármeta.
Koma mosasamala kanthu za izi, mabuku ake aliwonse ali ndi kukoma kwamiyala yodziyimira pawokha, yolengedwa yodzazidwa ndi zolembedwa ndikugonjetsedwa ndi chifuniro chonena china chatsopano, kuti afufuze zilembo zomwe zimatha kufalitsa zokongoletsa m'mafomu ndi mawonekedwe osadziwika.
Marcela serrano
Mabuku apano aku Chile akufupikitsa pakati Isabel Allende (nthawi zonse amabwera) ndi Marcela serrano (aliyense ali ndi zokonda zawo ndi kalembedwe) zabwino zaogulitsa kwambiri ndizosangalatsa zamabuku apamwamba. Ndipo ndizo Chilichonse chomwe chimapangidwa kuchokera ku prism yachikazi chitha kutsegulidwa pamiyeso yochititsa chidwi zomwe zimakhutiritsa owerenga ovuta kwambiri.
Pankhani ya Marcela, komanso zaka pafupifupi 30 zaukadaulo, zolemba zake zimakhala ndi mawonekedwe owoneka bwino pomwe mawonekedwe aliwonse amapereka kuwala kwawo ndi mithunzi, mitundu ya mitundu yomwe amawona dziko lapansi ndichowoneka chachikazi akamasewera.
Ndi luso lolemba ziwembu zofananira ndendende momwemo mwa omwe akutsutsana nawo. Koma Marcela Serrano amakwaniritsa izi chifukwa chilichonse chimasintha ndikusakanikirana, ndipo izi sizikutanthauza kuponyera mpukutuwo pofunafuna mavumbulutso amisili kapena azikhalidwe, chifukwa nthawi zonse iyenera kukhala ntchito ya owerenga omwe amakonda kukhala kwambiri pazochitika zilizonse.
Chifukwa chake kuwerenga Marcela Serrano ndiye mwayi woyandikira. Pafupifupi ulendo wopita kumoyo. Ulendo womwe timasunthira pambali pa otchulidwawo ndipo zomwe zimatitsogolera kuwunikiranso sizomwe zimakonda anthu, kuchokera ku chiphokoso chanzeru komanso champhamvu.
Carla guelfenbein
Chinyengo cha Carla, komanso cha ambiri omwe amatha kukhala olemba odziwika bwino, ali ndi chinthu chosangalatsa chopulumutsa kuchokera kumakina a zenizeni ndikudziwa momwe anganenere muzopeka. Nthawi zonse ndi kumangidwa mwaluso kwa olemba zenizeni, okhoza kupereka magalasi amasiku athu kuti owerenga aliyense athe kulingalira za kutsanzira kofunikira.
Koposa zonse, chifukwa chenicheni cha Carla chimachokera pazomwe zimasungidwa ndi moyo wa omwe akutsutsana nawo, kuchokera kumlengalenga lopanda malire la otenga chidwi mozama, munyumba yawo yofunikira, mufilosofi yawo yamoyo.
Kumanga ndi chidwi cha osula golidi, china chilichonse chimafutukuka ndi cadence yachilengedwe komanso yotopetsa yomwe imafikira pamene timva kuti tikukhala pansi pa khungu latsopano. Chikondi, kusakhalapo, ngakhale kulira kapena chiyembekezo motero zimatulutsa zonunkhira komanso zimatha kuperekera zonunkhira, zowoneka bwino zauzimu, ndi kupanda ungwiro ndi zolakwika pakati pa kulingalira ndi zomwe tingakhale nazo mumtima.
Alberto fuguet
Wina akafunsa kuti bwanji mulembe? Mutha kuyesa kupereka yankho lolondola potengera ntchito zina monga "Monga ndikulemba" by Stephen King kapena "Chifukwa chiyani ndimalemba" cha Xavier Romeo. Kapena mutha kungogwiritsa ntchito njira ya titanic ya Alberto fuguet. Yemwe poyankha kulikonse amati "chifukwa", chifukwa chomwe zinthu zazikulu zimayang'anizana.
Osati pachabe Fuguet amalemba zonse ndi masomphenya athunthu pankhaniyi. Mabuku omwe ndi achinyengo kwambiri atangotsala pang'ono kukwaniritsidwa polemba zochitika, kapena pakuyenda kwa nkhaniyo kapena kafukufuku wazomwe zakhala zikuchitika ... Ndizo zomwe kulemba kuli. Wolemba ndi amene amayamba kufotokoza chifukwa chongofuna kuchotsa nthanoyo, kapena kufufuza kapena lingaliro limenelo lomwe silileka kugogoda pazitseko zamalingaliro.
Chifukwa chake sikophweka kuti Fuguet azingoganizira zolemba zake zabwino kwambiri kapena zolemba zake zabwino kwambiri. Magulu okhwimitsa kwambiri kuti asokonezeke. Chifukwa pali malo pakati pa zenizeni ndi zopeka zomwe tonse timakhalamo. Kumene kuli maloboti ndi pomwe nkhani za Fuguet zimatigwira ndikutipambana pazifukwa zawo zopanga zolemba za chilichonse.
Alexander Zambra
Iyenera kukhala nkhani ya momwe mumawonera Nyanja ya Pacific, buluu wokulirapo momwe mungachotsere kukumbukira ndi zakale. Chowonadi ndi chakuti olemba nthano angapo aposachedwa aku Chile ali ndi mwayi wapadera wofotokoza nkhani zozama kwambiri. Kuchokera kale mbisoweka ndi mythologized Robert Bolano mmwamba Alexander Zambra kudutsa mu ndakatulo za Nicanor Parra kapena nkhani yotchuka kwambiri ya Isabel Allende.
Zachidziwikire, kugwirizanitsa ndikulimba mtima konse ngakhale kutenga chiyambi cha omwe adapanga pa ntchito. Chifukwa ndi zotsutsana kubatiza monga momwe ziliri panopa zomwe aliyense amalemba ndi cholinga chotulutsa ziwanda kapena kufunafuna ma placebo awo. Koma chifukwa chathu ndi chotere, chozolowera zilembo zokhala ndi mayankho ovuta. Chinachake chosiyana kwambiri ndi chakuti, kugawana malingaliro, makhalidwe abwino, chikhalidwe cha anthu ndi chikoka chochuluka cha malo monga kujambula kwa Chile monga gombe la Pacific kuchokera kumpoto kupita kumwera, chinachake chimatha kugawidwa muzolimbikitsa zoyambirira ...
Kuzindikira Alejandro Zambra ndikubwerezanso m'masomphenya ake andakatulo omwe adatengera kuchokera ku Parra mwiniwake kuti nyimboyi ikhale yophimbidwa ndi prose yowononga. Pakati pa njira imodzi yokha ya chinenero, zilembo zina zomwe zimapulumuka kukongola kokongola ndi kugonjetsedwa kwankhanza kwa zenizeni popanda kuganizira. Zochitazo sizopanda zotsutsana pazachikhalidwe, zamakhalidwe ndi ndale. Chinachake chomwe, pambuyo pake, wolemba ndakatulo amamaliza kumenya prose momwe amavula kale mitundu yonse ya zenizeni.
Paul Simonetti
Nkhani za Pablo Simonetti ndi maumboni ophimbidwa a anthu omwe amapeza ochiritsa mwa ife. Kungoti owerenga amatha kulingalira za chiwembu chofananiracho kuchokera kuchisoni chosathawika chomwe chimayika chilichonse mu ntchito ya simonetti.
ubwenzi ndi luntha la munthu amene amaika pachiwopsezo kuvula mbali m'makhalidwe awo zomwe zimatha kutilankhula tonse. Placebo motsutsana ndi masomphenya ena opanda pake a mabuku. Kudzipereka ku zolemba ngati njira yaumunthu. Ndipo sikuti poyesera "kulemekeza" bukuli, wolemba uyu amaiwala tanthauzo la zosangalatsa zomwe zili mu kuwerenga kotere. M'malo mwake, ndi kukwaniritsa zochita ndi kulingalira. Kulinganiza kwangwiro.
Kuwunika ndikuwunika moyo ndi zomwe zakhala zikuchitika. Koma palinso malingaliro otukuka mozungulira njira zodutsazo. Zosangalatsa ndi moyo kapena mwina ndi ntchito yapabwalo ndi kukhudza kwabwino komwe aliyense ali nako pakulowererapo pamaso pa omvera awo. Zodabwitsa zokopa molingana ndi ma protagonists ofunikira, omwe chiwembu, zochitika ndi mawonedwe adziko lapansi nthawi zambiri zimazungulira kutengera nthawi yomwe amakumana nazo. The subjective monga mosaic wolemera kumene mtundu komanso fungo komanso ngakhale kukhudza zikuwoneka kubwera kwa ife kuchokera pepala.