Osakhala yaifupi ngati nkhani kapena yochulukirapo ngati buku. Mabuku afupiafupi amatha kufotokoza bwino kwambiri mitundu yonse iwiri ya nthano. Kukula koyenera kuwerenga pa sitima kapena kukhala kunyumba. Brevity ndi yapamwamba, ndi chizindikiro cha nthawi. Noveletas, nouvelles kapena novelette, zazifupi koma zabwino kawiri nthawi zambiri.
Chovuta ndikukhazikitsa kusiyana, kukhazikitsa mulingo womwe nkhaniyo imakhala nkhani kapena buku. Chifukwa chikanakhala ndi paging, ndi maonekedwe a bukhu lokha, zinthu zamatsenga zimasiyana ... Kotero, kupatsidwa kusatsimikizika ponena za kukula kwake, tikhoza kunena za chitukuko cha chiwembu monga gawo losiyanitsa la mtundu uwu wa bukhu.
Koma ndithudi, timalowanso m'malo osamvetsetseka kumeneko. Kodi tikuganiza chiyani kuti tidumphire ku novel kuchokera munkhani kapena nthano? Mosakayikira mawu ofotokozera ofunikira kuti alekanitse zithunzi amaloza mbali ziwiri ku buku lalifupi. Kumbali imodzi, cholinga cha wolemba. Kumbali inayi, chikhalidwe cha nkhani yomwe imasintha ndikupangitsa kuti anthu ake azitha kudutsa m'malo osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasintha zochitika kapena zomwe zikuyembekezeka kumalingaliro atsopano.
Mfundo ndi yakuti ngakhale palibe amene amaloza kutanthauzira kokhazikika, tonse timadziwa kusiyanitsa. Ndipo tikamaliza limodzi la mabukhu ang'onoang'ono awa timasiyidwa ndi kukoma kwa nkhani yonse, ndi chiyambi chake, pakati pake ndi mathero ake ogwirizana mokwanira kuti adalenganso m'malingaliro athu dziko latsopano lokhalamo kumbuyo kwake ndi mawonekedwe ake ofotokozera. Ndikukupemphani kuti mupeze zina mwazo mabuku achidule otchuka kwambiri...
Mabuku 10 apamwamba olimbikitsa
Kupanduka kwaulimi George Orwell
Nkhani ya nyama zomwe si nyama. Kapena inde, kutengera momwe mukufuna kuziwonera. Chifukwa chowerengera pawiri ndi chomwe chili nacho, kuti ngati atasokedwa bwino mbali zonse za mafanizo amatha kufika ndi mauthenga osiyanasiyana.
Kunyoza uku pa Revolution ya Russia ndi kupambana kwa Stalinism, yomwe inalembedwa mu 1945, yakhala yokha chizindikiro cha chikhalidwe chamakono komanso imodzi mwa mabuku owopsa kwambiri a nthawi zonse. Poyangâanizana ndi kukwera kwa nyama za Manor Farm, posakhalitsa tinazindikira mbewu za ulamuliro wankhanza mâgulu looneka ngati loyenera; ndipo mwa atsogoleri athu achikoka, mthunzi wa opondereza ankhanza kwambiri.
Kudzudzula anthu opondereza, odabwitsidwa modabwitsa m'nthano yophiphiritsa yanzeru. Nyama za pafamu ya a Jones zimaukira eni ake aumunthu ndi kuwagonjetsa. Koma kupandukako kudzalephereka pamene mikangano ndi nsanje zibuka pakati pawo, ndipo ena akudziphatika ndi mabwana omwe adawagonjetsa, akudziwonetsera okha komanso zofuna za gulu lawo.
Ngakhale Farm Rebellion idapangidwa ngati nthano yankhanza ya Stalinism, uthenga wake wapadziko lonse lapansi umapangitsa bukuli kusanthula modabwitsa za ziphuphu zomwe zimabweretsa mphamvu, kukwiya koopsa kotsutsana ndi ulamuliro wankhanza wamtundu uliwonse, ndikuwunika momveka bwino zachinyengo zomwe zachitika kale. ikukumana ndi kusintha kwa ndale.
Kupangidwa kwa Morel
M'manja abwino kwambiri, zongopeka zimaphimba chilichonse, zimaposa zomwe zimaganiziridwa ndikufikira dziko lathu lapansi ngati vumbulutso la magawo omwe amapanga. Mphamvu zomwe zimatidzaza, chikondi, mpweya, nthawi. Tinthu tating'onoting'ono ta Robinsons zomwe zimasweka tsiku lililonse pazilumba zosayembekezereka.
Wothawathawa wozunzidwa ndi chilungamo akufika m'bwato lopalasa kupita ku chisumbu chachipululu pomwe nyumba zina zosiyidwa zimayima. Koma tsiku lina, munthu wosungulumwayo akuona kuti salinso yekhayekha, chifukwa pachilumbachi papezeka anthu ena.
Amawayang'ana, kuwazonda, amatsata mapazi awo ndikuyesa kudabwitsa zokambirana zawo. Ndicho chiyambi cha chinsinsi, kusintha kosalekeza kuchokera ku zenizeni kupita ku malingaliro, zomwe pang'onopang'ono zimatsogolera wothawayo kuti afotokoze zovuta zonse.
Bukhuli likhoza kuyerekezedwa, palokha, ndi nkhani zabwino kwambiri za Edgar Allan Poe. Chiwembu chake chanzeru, chogwiritsidwa ntchito mwanzeru komanso, koposa zonse, chiyambi chochititsa chidwi cha lingaliro lomwe zochitikazo zimazungulira, zapangitsa Morel's Invention kukhala imodzi mwaluso losatsutsika la mabuku ongopeka.
Chiwerengero cha viscount
The Demed Viscount ndiye Italo Calvino woyamba kulowa muzowoneka bwino komanso zochititsa chidwi. Calvino akufotokoza nkhani ya Viscount ya Terralba, yomwe inagawanika pakati ndi mfuti ya anthu a ku Turks ndipo magawo ake awiri anapitirizabe kukhala padera.
Chizindikiro cha kugawanika kwaumunthu, Medardo de Terralba amapita kukayenda kudera lake. Pamene ikudutsa, mapeyala omwe akulendewera pamitengo amawonekera onse ogawanika pakati. "Kukumana kulikonse kwa anthu awiri padziko lapansi kumang'ambika," akutero theka loyipa la viscount kwa mkazi yemwe adakondana naye. Koma kodi mukutsimikiza kuti ndi theka loyipa? Nthano yochititsa chidwi imeneyi imadzutsa kufunafuna munthu wathunthu, yemwe kaƔirikaƔiri amapangidwa ndi chinthu choposa kuchuluka kwa theka lake.
Kalonga wamng'ono
Monga mukuonera, ndikudutsa m'mafanizo opanda malire kapena mafanizo omwe buku lalifupi limapereka. Chifukwa mabuku afupiafupi amapita bwino ndi masewerawa pakati pa zowona ndi zongoganiza zomwe zimayambitsidwa ndi zomwe zimachitika.
Nthano yopeka komanso nthano zamafilosofi zomwe zimafunsa za ubale wa munthu ndi mnansi wake komanso dziko lapansi, Kalonga Wamng'ono imayang'ana, ndi kuphweka kodabwitsa, kulingalira kosalekeza kwa Saint-Exupéry pa ubwenzi, chikondi, udindo ndi tanthauzo la moyo.
Ndinkakhala monga chonchi, ndekha, popanda woti ndilankhule naye moona mtima, mpaka ndidasokonekera m'chipululu cha Sahara zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi zapitazo. Chinachake chinali chitasweka mu injini yanga. Ndipo popeza ndinalibe makanika kapena okwera nawo, ndinayamba kukonza ndekha ndekha. Kwa ine, inali nkhani ya moyo ndi imfa. Ndinamwa madzi kwa masiku asanu ndi atatu okha.
Usiku woyamba ndinagona pa mchenga makilomita XNUMX kuchokera ku dziko lililonse lokhalamo anthu. Anali yekhayekha kuposa munthu wotayidwa pa bwato lomwe lili pakati pa nyanja. Tangoganizani, kudabwa kwanga pamene, mbandakucha, liwu lachirendo linandidzutsa kuti: -Chonde ... ndijambulire ine mwanawankhosa! -Ayi!? -Ndikokereni mwanawankhosa...
Mbiri Ya Imfa Yonenedweratu
Mwina ndi choncho Mbiri Ya Imfa Yonenedweratu Ntchito ya "zenizeni" ya Gabriel GarcĂa MĂĄrquez, chifukwa imachokera ku mbiri yakale yomwe inachitika kudziko lakwawo wolembayo. Bukuli likayamba, zimadziwika kale kuti abale a Vicario adzapha Santiago Nasar - kwenikweni, amupha kale - kubwezera ulemu wokwiya wa mlongo wake Ăngela, koma nkhaniyo imathera pomwe Santiago Nasar. amafa.
Nthawi yozungulira, yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi GarcĂa MĂĄrquez muzolemba zake, ikuwonekeranso pano itawonongeka mosamala mu mphindi zake zonse, yomangidwanso bwino ndi wofotokozerayo, yemwe akufotokoza zomwe zidachitika kalekale, yemwe amapita patsogolo ndikubwerera m'mbuyo. nkhani ndipo amabweranso patapita nthawi yaitali kuti afotokoze tsogolo la opulumuka. Chochitacho, nthawi yomweyo, chophatikizana komanso chaumwini, chomveka bwino komanso chosamvetsetseka, ndipo chimagwira wowerenga kuyambira pachiyambi, ngakhale akudziwa zotsatira za chiwembucho. Kulankhulana pakati pa nthano ndi zenizeni kumawonjezeredwa apa, kachiwiri, ndi prose yomwe ili ndi chidwi kwambiri kotero kuti imakweza mpaka malire a nthano.
Imfa ya Ivan Ilyich
Munthu wojambulidwa ndi Tolstoy ndi IvĂĄn Ilitch, Purezidenti wa Territorial Court. Wolemba mabukuyo amajambula dziko losagwira ntchito komanso lowononga la Ivan ndipo amadzudzula mwamphamvu olemekezeka, omwe ankadziwa bwino kwambiri. Sikuti bukuli limangowonetsa mantha a imfa ya Tolstoy, komanso likuwonetsa chifundo chachikulu chomwe odzichepetsa ndi oponderezedwa adamulimbikitsa.
M'bukuli la Tolstoy, kutsutsa kwakukulu kumapangidwa ndi maulamuliro, chifukwa, kuti apite mmwamba, amafunikira Ivan kuti asiye moyo. Anzake omwe amakhala m'malo otsika amadikirira kuti imfa yake itenge malo ake. Bukuli likuwonetsa kulekanitsidwa kwa IvĂĄn Ilyich, amayang'ana kwambiri ntchito yake kuposa banja lake. Munthu wamkulu adamwalira kale m'moyo akatalikitsidwa ndipo sakhala moyo mwaumunthu, ndichifukwa chake amataya mantha ake a imfa ... amadikirira.
Imfa mu venice
Nkhani ya mzimu wotopa, wokhoza kupulumuka muzojambula zokha, zomwe zimatulukira mwadzidzidzi kukongola kodziwonetsera komwe kumawonekera molimbika komanso mopanda kukayikira mu chithunzi cha wachinyamata. Mann adalemba ntchitoyi mumayendedwe owoneka bwino, olondola, atsatanetsatane komanso owoneka bwino nthawi imodzi, ndipo amafotokoza bwino za mdima komanso kufa kwa Venice yokongola.
Lofalitsidwa mu 1914, Imfa mu venice linali buku lofunika kwambiri lolimbikitsa kutchuka kwa Thomas mann, yomwe mu 1929 idalandira Mphoto ya Nobel mu Literature, akuonedwa kuti ndi mâmodzi mwa anthu otchuka kwambiri mâmabuku amakono a ku Ulaya.
Gatsby Wamkulu
Kuwerenga Fitzgerald sikophweka. Palinso amene amakana mwachindunji. Koma kabuku kakang'ono aka kamakhala ndi kena kake, komwe kali ndi mfundo yowoneka bwino ya Dorian Gray⊠Iye ndi chinsinsi, munthu amene adadzipanga yekha ndipo wapanga phwando lalikulu kuti apambane Daisy Buchanan, yemwe poyamba ankamukonda.
Tili m'zaka za makumi awiri, ku New York, ndipo Gatsby amachitira maphwando kunyumba yake yabwino kwambiri ya Long Island momwe chokopa chodabwitsa kwambiri ndi mwini nyumbayo, miliyoneya yemwe atha kukhala wakupha kapena kazitape, mnyamata wopanda chilichonse chomwe chidakhala. wolemera, ngwazi yomvetsa chisoni yomwe imawonongeka pamene ikuyandikira maloto ake: kubwezeretsanso kwa wokondedwa wake.
Pafupi ndi mtima wakuthengo
Pafupi ndi mtima wamtchire ndi kuyesa kumanga mbiri ya Joana kuyambira ali mwana mpaka kukula, kufunafuna choonadi chamkati, kuphunzira zovuta za ubale waumunthu, kuyesa kuiwala imfa, imfa ya atate wake, yomwe Joana sangavomereze.
Palibe amene amakayikira lero kuti ntchito ya Clarice Lispector, m'nthawi yathu ino, ndi imodzi mwazochitika zozama kwambiri zofotokozera mitu yomwe imatifooketsa: kukhala chete ndi chikhumbo chofuna kulankhulana, kusungulumwa m'dziko limene kulankhulana konyenga kumatigonjetsa m'kusowa thandizo, chikhalidwe cha akazi m'dziko lopangidwa ndi amuna ...
A Clockwork Orange wolemba Anthony Burgess
Buku lopanda malire komanso lopweteka monga momwe limakhalira m'mbali zomwe sizimafufuzidwa nthawi zonse m'nkhani wamba. Psychopathy ndi kuthekera, kapena kuphatikizika kolakwika kwa mtsogoleri wa psychopathic yemwe amatha kupanga zilakolako zake zoyipa kwambiri, chipembedzo, makamaka m'masiku amenewo aunyamata momwe malingaliro aliwonse angakhale abwino, ngakhale chiwawa chachiwawa.
Nkhani ya wachinyamata nadsat Alex ndi anzake atatu mankhwala osokoneza bongo m'dziko la nkhanza ndi chiwonongeko. Alex ali, malinga ndi kunena kwa Burgess, âmakhalidwe aakulu aumunthu; chikondi chaukali, kukonda chinenero, kukonda kukongola. Koma ali wamngâono ndipo sanamvetsetse kufunika kwenikweni kwa ufulu, umene amaukonda mwachiwawa. Mwanjira ina amakhala ku Edeni, ndipo pokhapokha akagwa (monga momwe amachitira, kuchokera pawindo) akuwoneka kuti akhoza kukhala munthu weniweni ".
Ndemanga imodzi pa "Mabuku 1 abwino kwambiri achidule"