Mabuku atatu apamwamba a Paul Preston

Monga zimanenedwera pakati pa nthabwala ndi zowona, pafupi ndi tanthauzo lotanthauzira ku Spain kuyenera kuwonekera nkhope ya Paul preston. Chifukwa, monga wolemba mbiri (ndipo ndendende mwachangu kwambiri pankhani yotsatira ya azipani), wolemba waku England uyu adasanthula ndipo pamapeto pake adasonkhanitsa ndikufalitsa imodzi mwamalemba ofotokoza kufunika ndi tanthauzo la zomwe ndi Spain.

Ntchito yofunika kwambiri yosungira cholowacho chodzaza chikhalidwe, miyambo komanso zilankhulo zambiri, mpaka pano ndi chimodzi mwazinthu zosagwirika zapadziko lapansi.

Palibe wina wabwinoko kuposa wina wopanda chiyambi, kuti asamalire ntchito yotere. Chifukwa kumasulidwa kumatanthauzidwe ndi zizolowezi, Preston watha kupereka malowa, woyang'anira mosamala mosamala kwambiri, kuyika madontho ake ndi makoma pazonse zokhudzana ndi kukula ndi tanthauzo.

Chifukwa chake iliyonse yamabuku ake amitundu yosiyanasiyana imaganiza kuti kusanthula kwakale kopanda tanthauzo, chifuniro chofalitsa kuti chisiye umboni wa zonse zomwe zimawonedwa, kuwerenga ndi kuphunzira.

Mabuku atatu apamwamba kwambiri a Paul Preston

Anthu aperekedwa

Pamene Lazarillo de Tormes inalembedwa, kudabwitsa kwa kukula kwa Spain, kusakanikirana pakati pamalingaliro opulumuka ndi zokhumba za botarate aliyense wokhudzana ndi regidor kapena wandale, anali atangoweruzidwa kuti adzabweranso.

Sikuti onse anali, koma mwa onse omwe adapeza mphamvu, ambiri mwa otsogolera adadutsa ngati mliri, atachira chifukwa cha zomwe zidachitika zaka mazana ambiri pambuyo pake Chigwa cha Inclán. Wowonera mwanzeru komanso wolemba mbiri waluso kwambiri ngati Paul Preston angadabwe ndi kulephera kwa atsogoleri ambiri alangizi othandizira akatswiri azamalonda omwe pafupifupi nthawi zonse, monga m'mabuku akuda kwambiri, amapambana.

M'mabuku ambiri a wolemba Chingerezi, bukuli limagwira ntchito ngati kaphatikizidwe kapenanso kuphatikiza zolemba zofunikira m'zaka zonse za zana la XNUMX zomwe zidadziwika kwambiri mwankhanza kapena katangale ndipo ngakhale izi zidapitilira m'malo akutali kwambiri a ndale, m'manja mwa inept nthawi zambiri. Ngakhale pamapeto pake zikutsatira kuti sikunali kusowa nzeru koma kutumikira kwa osankhika omwe magulu onsewa adadzilimbitsa okha.

Uku ndiye kusakhulupirika kwakukulu, kusungidwa kwa zabwino zomwe zimaperekedwa ngati chitsogozo chokhazikika, chizolowezi chowononga chomwe chimapangitsa andale kuposa onyenga kukhala osinkhasinkha omwe sanayang'ane zosowa za anthu mopitilira muyeso wogonjetsedwa ndi magulu otchuka. Koma zachidziwikire, zonsezi ndikungodzichotsera pa nkhani ya aseptic yomwe imayang'ana kwambiri pazowonadi kotero kuti owerenga amamaliza kuweruza ndikudzudzulidwa.

Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni yaku Spain (yosinthidwa)

Kuwunikiranso limodzi mwa mabuku omwe anapeza kuti Preston ndi m'modzi mwa akatswiri ofufuza kwambiri m'mbiri yathu yaposachedwa.

Zowunikiranso zomwe adalemba pazochitika zakuda pakati pa anthu akuda komanso zandale pakati pa 36 ndi 39 zidachitika chifukwa chakuwunikanso kwatsopano pazinthu zomwe zafotokozedweratu m'bukuli. Ndipo ndibwino kudziyesa nokha ndikuganiza zakubwezeretsanso kwathunthu komwe kumawonjezera chidwi m'masiku omwe theka la Spain lidalimbana ndi duat-duat motsutsana ndi theka linalo.

Preston akuyamba ndi ma prolegomena oyipa a mkangano, Republic, nthawi zonse mosagwirizana, komanso kuphulika kwachiwawa. Kenako timalankhula za kuyambika kwa Nkhondo komanso zina zomwe zimapanga GCE mdziko lachilendo. Chifukwa Franco adalandira thandizo kuchokera kumiyendo yomwe ikumana msanga mu WWII, yomwe siyimasiya kuwonetsa njira zodziyimira pawokha pazandale zapadziko lonse lapansi.

Pambuyo pazomwe zikuchitika, Preston akuwunikiranso zinthu mwatsatanetsatane, polankhula za anthu osiyanasiyana komanso zochitika zambiri zomwe zimapanga chilengedwe choipa ponseponse pankhondo. Buku lofunikira kwa aliyense amene akufuna kudziwa zomwe zidachitika pakati pa 1936 ndi 1939, ndizoyambira zake ndi zotulukapo zake. Chifukwa bukuli limamalizanso kuthana ndi cholowa pakati pa omwe adalipo kale ku Francoism ndi olowa m'malo a Republicanism omwe samadziwa nthawi zonse momwe angatsimikizire ulemu wawo womaliza ndikuti otchedwa Historical Memory nthawi zonse amalemetsedwa ndi zovuta ndi mantha.

Franco (kusinthidwa)

M'buku langa «Mikono ya mtanda wanga«, A ucronía paulendo wa Hitler wopita ku Argentina, ndinayandikira chithunzi cha Franco m'mutu wina. Kapenanso kuposa mawonekedwe ake omwe adapangitsa wolamulira mwankhanza kuti afe pomwalira mwamtendere mpaka atapuma.

Ngakhale ndi chithunzi kapena ndi mayankhulidwe ake okoma sangatchulidwe kuti ndi chikhalidwe chomwe chingasokoneze kupezeka kwake, komabe adakhalako zaka 40. Zambiri zimakhudzana ndi zokonda za panthawiyi komanso mwayi wopondereza wolamulira mwankhanza yemwe amadziwa momwe angagwirire pankhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse komanso pambuyo pake akupitilizabe kuzunza omwe amatsutsana nawo mkati. Chowonadi ndi chakuti iye mosakayikira ndiwosangalatsa pamaphunziro ngati omwe Preston adachita pamwambowu komanso omwe ma avatat ake akupitilizabe kusungitsa zambiri zomwe zaphatikizidwa ndi buku latsopanoli. Chomwe chikuwonekera ndi buku latsopanoli ndikulemera kwakukulu kofunitsitsa kukwaniritsa zolinga zonyansa kwambiri.

Franco anali wofunitsitsa kudzikweza kwake, kuposa gulu lachifumu lomwe pamapeto pake limayandikira mavuto ndi mavuto omwe adagulitsa "dziko lakwawo" kwa omwe akufuna kuti adulidwe. Wodzikonda wa olamulira mwankhanza ena mwamphamvu, Franco komabe amadziwa kupanga mfundo mobisa kuti apulumuke ngati mtsogoleri. Paul Preston adasindikiza buku loyamba la Franco zaka zopitilira makumi awiri zapitazo ndipo tsopano amalimaliza mwanzeru pa kafukufuku watsopano komanso mbali zina zonse.