Mabuku atatu abwino kwambiri a Hegel wamkulu

Yandikirani ntchito ya Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel akuganiza kuti ali ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa kusinthika kwachitukuko chathu. Zolankhula yowerengedwa molingana ndi prism ya Hegel monga chida chamunthu chokha kupanga zokambirana, kukambirana, kuphunzira, kufufuza, kupita patsogolo, chisinthiko chaumunthu chokha, a Njira yosinthira mwanzeru nthawi zonse pazofooka zazifukwa zochepa zomwe ziyenera kuthandizidwa nthawi zonse ndi kutsutsana.

Sikuti Hegel amalemekeza lingaliro la mawu omwe Greek etymology imaloza kale nthawi imeneyo ngati maziko azokambirana kapena nyumba yamalamulo pakati pa anthu ofanana kufunafuna mgwirizano womwe ndi kaphatikizidwe konse.

Koma ndizowona kuti ndi amene adayala maziko a chiphunzitso chonyozedwa ndi akatswiri anzeru zamtsogolo monga Nietzsche, koma nthawi yomweyo amalimbikitsidwa ndi ena monga Marx kapena Angelo, omwe adasunthira malingaliro awo pamaganizidwe awo pazinthu zakuthupi. Kukonda chuma komwe kumapeto kwake kudasunthira dziko lapansi ndikuti, kumaganiziridwa, kwapukutidwa kuti akwaniritse chilungamo chachitukuko.

Ndipo chinali kaonedwe ka pragmatic, kosintha zinthu, m'lingaliro lakuti kwa nthawi yoyamba munthu woganiza bwino adagwira ntchito zosintha mbiri yonse kuchokera ku maziko ofananirako kuti athe kuthana ndi zotsutsana za anthu ndi zopinga zakale, zomwe zidamupangitsa kukhala wodziwika kwambiri. anthanthi am'tsogolo.

Chifukwa chilankhulo sichinali kumapeto kwake. Sikuti Hegel adapereka njira zothetsera mikangano popanda kuchitapo kanthu. Hegel adagwiritsa ntchito ma dialectics kuti awonjezere ntchito yake yonse, buku lofotokoza mbiri ya malingaliro anzeru, kulumikizana kophatikizana ndi kukhalapo kwa Mulungu pakuphatikizika ndikuwunikira kukhulupilira kwa zinthu zonse za anthu.

Inde, Hegel nayenso adayandikira chipembedzo ndi chikhulupiriro ndi luso lachiyankhulo chopangidwa maieutics ndipo zidamugwiranso ntchito pazolemba zake zandale zamasiku ake ndikuwonekeranso kwake ku maboma onse aanthu, komanso malingaliro asayansi kapena zaluso, zomwe zimawonetsera anthu onse.

Pokhala wolemba wolimba yemwe adayesetsa kuthana ndi zonsezi, mabuku ake ambiri amatha kukhala owerenga osangalatsa usiku wina wopanda pake. Tiyeni tipite kumeneko ndi yanga malangizo pa Hegel.

Mabuku 3 Olimbikitsidwa Kwambiri a Hegel

Phenomenology ya mzimu

Chifukwa, nthawi zokhala ndi munthu ndi mzimu ngati mapangidwe amakonkhedwa ndi wamba kuchokera ku chidziwitso chokhazikitsidwa komanso chikhalidwe chapantheistic chomwe chimaphatikiza umunthu.

Ntchito yofunikira yamalingaliro kuti tipeze lingaliro lodziwika bwino la gawo lotsatiridwa ndi nthawi lomwe likufotokozedwa bwino kwambiri kapena pang'ono (kukhala woganiza mwapadera sikuyenera kupereka chowonadi chenicheni) koma nthawi zonse kukhala wokhulupirika ku kaphatikizidwe kodziwika bwino. Pa nthawi ya Hegel dziko linali pamwamba pa kugonjetsa kosalekeza kwa Western.

Umboni wa Hegel wowonetsedwa m'bukuli umapangidwa ndi malingaliro angapo okhudza zaluso kapena sayansi, wokhala ndi mfundo yosalekeza kufunafuna ungwiro sikutheka chifukwa cha chifukwa koma nthawi zonse amakhala ngati chitsogozo chomwe chimasuntha chilichonse ku mzimu wophatikizawo ndikuphatikizidwa ndi zochitika ndi zenizeni monga. mgwirizano wa chikhalidwe cha munthu ndi kukhalapo kwa munthu.

Sayansi ya malingaliro

Imodzi mwa ntchito zake zakuya momwe adayikiramo malingaliro amalingaliro onse otsatira mphamvu ya dialectics pamalingaliro okhoza kuthana ndi chilichonse, popanda mfundo zakuda kapena kudziletsa.

Dialectics monga maziko a sayansi yamaganizidwe potengera kusiyanasiyana. Malingaliro atsopano omwe Hegel akufuna kuti alowe m'malo mwachikhalidwe, amabweretsa vuto kuchokera ku gnoseology ya Kantian, yomwe malingaliro ake, malingaliro ndi umunthu wake, adatseka njira yodziwira kuti tili tokha (noumenon).

Hegel amakana kuphatikizika uku komanso malingaliro achilendo osadziwika; kuganiza ndikuti kapena noume sizowona. Komabe, tiyenera kudziwa; Izi sizingatheke povomereza mwamphamvu malingaliro amalingaliro, operekedwa ndi malingaliro amwambo, koma powakhazikitsa ndi kuwalinganiza kudzera mukuyenda kwamalingaliro komweko.

Monga momwe Phenomenology yawonetsera kuti chidziwitso chilichonse, chikakwaniritsidwa, chimakana kuyambiranso kukhala ndi chuma chambiri, momwemonso Logic iyenera kuwonetsa mayendedwe amitundu yomweyo, amitundu yamaganizidwe oyera, omwe unyolo wawo osapangidwa ndi kuchotsera kwa mawunikidwe, komwe kumatulutsa maulalo motsatizana ndi maulalo am'mbuyomu, koma mmapangidwe opanga, opangidwa ndi kusakwanira komwe kumapezeka pachilichonse. Philosophy sichimachita kanthu koma kutsatira lingaliro ndilo dialectic.

Encyclopedia ya sayansi yafilosofi

The vade mecum ya woganiza wamakono aliyense amene amavomereza dialectics ngati njira yasayansi kufotokoza chirichonse kuchokera pa kulingalira, kulingalira zofooka za chifukwa chimenecho ndi kubwezeretsa mphamvu zake kupyolera mu kaphatikizidwe ndi kulingalira mozama kwa chidziwitso ndi zenizeni.

Ntchito yomwe imagwira ndendende kaphatikizidwe kamtengo wapatali kwambiri ndi Hegel ndipo yomwe imaganiza kuti ndi ntchito yovuta yomwe ikuwonekera.

Kupanga lingaliro, kuzindikira kutsutsana kwake ndikuchotsa kaphatikizidwe, onse ndi munthu yemweyo, kumafunikira nthawi yopuma kuti lingaliro lirilonse lithe kupeza mawonekedwe oyesa omwe angayambitse njira zowonekera kwambiri za sayansi yamaganizidwe.