Mmodzi ndi wamkulu mokwanira kukumbukira kuti Czechoslovakia anajambula pamapu a sukulu. Dziko lokhala ndi malire ozungulira pakati pa nkhondo yotchedwa nkhondo yaikulu ndi yomwe inali yaikulu kwambiri. Pakati pa zonsezi, gawo lotalikirana, ngati kuti lachotsedwa ku maufumu akale mu chithunzi chosatheka.
Kumeneku kunali komwe kunabadwira anthu okonda nthano osangalatsa ngati Milan kundera kapena Bohumil Hrabal. Ndipo ndithudi kuyambira ubwana wawo womwe uli pakati pa mikangano kumbali imodzi ndi ina, pakati pa mitundu yonse yosagwirizana nthawi zonse, inadzaza chirichonse ndi malo ake monga mlatho pakati pa Ulaya ndi Russia, zomwe zinaperekedwa ku nkhani ya onsewa zimapereka masomphenya owoneka bwino a zomwe zilipo mu Russia. pakati pa chiwopsezo chokhazikika cha tsoka.
Mzinda wa Czech wa Brno unabadwa olemba awiri akuluakulu achi Czech a m'zaka za zana la 20. Kuneneratu kwanga kwachiwiri kukhala wamkulu, ziyenera kuzindikirika kuti nazonso Hrabal adalemba bwino za nthawi yake kudzera munkhani yake. Lingaliro lolemba posaka kukhazikika kwamphamvu poyesayesa kudziwononga kwa Europe komwe kuli nkhondo zambiri. Nkhondo zotentha, kapena zozizira, zidakhazikika pazaka zotsatira mpaka kugwa kwa khoma.
M'ntchito zake kusiyanaku kumadzutsidwa kwa iwo omwe akufuna kudzutsa nthabwala koma nawonso amatha kulowa m'mabala. Nthawi zina kudzera m'mikhalidwe yake yachisoni komanso kwa ena potulutsa zochitika zina, zogwirizana ndi kusinthaku kwachilendo kwamasiku ambiri amdima azaka zam'ma XNUMX.
Wodzaza ndimalingaliro monga chida chachikulu chopangira, ziwembu zake zilizonse zimadzaza ndi nyimbo ndi zofanizira, mafanizo omwe amakhala m'mabuku ake onse, maiko ena omwe sangakhalepo nthawi zonse.
Mabuku 3 apamwamba opangidwa ndi Bohumil Hrabal
Masitima olondera mwamphamvu
Mfundo yachisoni pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse idzakhala yolembedwa m'malingaliro ambiri ndi filimu "Moyo Ndi Wokongola" ndi Benigni.
Buku lakale ili ladzaza kale ndi malingaliro kuti afotokoze kuti, moyo umatha kupyola mu zoyipa zoyipa kwambiri. M'mudzi womwe uli m'malire a Germany, siteshoni ya sitimayo imakhala malo oti antchito ake akhale gulu lotsutsa. Pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo yaikulu ya nkhaniyi, Milos, mnyamata yemwe ali ndi vuto lalikulu la mahomoni, akupeza kuti ali ndi chidwi ndi cholinga chachikulu cha gululo, kukwera m'gulu la zida zankhondo kuti lisagwire ntchito.
Dongosolo lodzaza ndi zoopsa zomwe Milos wachichepere atha kukhala ngwazi yemwe angagonjetse Dulcinea wake, wojambula pawailesiyo.
Tawuni yaying'ono pomwe nthawi idayima
Nkhani yokhala ndi malingaliro odabwitsika a kusungulumwa ngati chisangalalo chachisoni. Moyo wa wolemba nkhani umasunthira mu inertia ya tawuni ya nondescript yomwe imadutsa, a Nazi ndi a Soviet.
Pamene oyambilira alipo, malo opangira moŵa amene munthu aliyense wokhoza kugwiritsa ntchito manja ake amagwirirapo ntchito akadalipo, akuyenda. Ena mwa antchitowa ndi bambo a wofotokozerawo komanso amalume ake a PepÃn, omwe amakhala ngwazi ya wofotokozerayo. Chifukwa ku PepÃn mwana wa mchimwene wake amawona ofunikira kwambiri a ngwazi, yemwe amadziwa kupulumuka ndi kusawona pang'ono, tsiku ndi tsiku, kumwa ngati kuli kofunikira ndikusangalala ndi zathupi mpaka mphindi yomwe ingabwere. ena mwa owukirawo, amasankha za moyo wa PepÃn, kapena abambo ake kapena protagonist mwiniyo, ndikusintha kwanthawi zovuta zomwe zikuchitika.
Kusungulumwa kaphokoso kwambiri
Hanta ndi chiyembekezo poyang'anizana ndi zankhanza. Mosiyana ndi zomwe munthu angaganize za ntchito yake yobwezeretsanso mapepala kuchokera m'mabuku ovuta, amasonkhanitsa zidziwitso zonse zomwe zingawonongeke panthawiyi. Muyenera kutsagana naye poyenda kudutsa Prague kuti muzindikire m'mawu ake momwe zonse zidawonongedwera, mapepala onse omwe amapangidwa kuti azikhala, zakuda pa zoyera, malingaliro oyenera (kapena ndani amene akudziwa ngati zimagwira ntchito ngati mipukutu yogwiritsira ntchito zapakhomo), ayi. zikomo kwa onse zikomo kwa Hanta.
Pakukokomeza kopitilira muyeso komwe kuli malingaliro opondereza motsutsana ndi chikhalidwe, mbali yamalingaliro imadzutsidwa mozungulira chilengedwe chonse chomwe chatayika chifukwa cha malinga ndi nthawi yanji komanso malinga ndi maboma ati. Mawu a oganiza bwino omwe akufuna kuti akhale chete apulumuka ku Hanta. Mpaka pomwe Hanta akuwoneka kuti akumvera Kant kapena Hegel, ndipo akuwoneka kuti akufuna kukhala wamkulu wa Nietzsche, okonzeka kupereka nzeru zonse zoyipa kwa Hanta wakale.
Mabuku ena ovomerezeka a Bohumil Hrabal
Ndinatumikira mfumu ya ku England
M'zaka za m'ma 1930, ku Prague, wophunzira wa woperekera zakudya, Jan, adapeza ntchito yake yoyamba yokonzeka kukhala mwini hotelo ndikulowa m'gulu la osankhidwa amillionaire. Wanzeru komanso wofuna kutchuka, chilichonse chidzakhala bwino komanso kuzindikirika ndi anthu. Koma maganizo a Jan nthawi zambiri amakhala olakwika: amakwatira mkazi wachijeremani yemwe amalambira Hitler monga momwe asilikali a Nazi akulowera ku Prague, ndipo amakhala milionea monga momwe chikomyunizimu chimakhazikika m'dziko lake.
Ndi nthabwala zowoneka bwino komanso zowoneka bwino, Hrabal akutiuza za zochitika za picaresque za woperekera zakudya wachichepere yemwe, monga msilikali wabwino Svejk, amawulula zopanda pake za moyo watsiku ndi tsiku ndi anthu omwe amakumana nawo. Monga Svejk, chitsiru chowonekera cha Jan chimabisa nzeru zake zomwe zimamulola kupulumuka zochitika zochititsa chidwi kwambiri za m'zaka za zana la XNUMX: kuukira kwa Nazi ku dziko lake, Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yadziko Lonse, ndi kubwera kwa chikomyunizimu.
