Olemba 10 abwino kwambiri ku USA

Kuzindikira zabwino kwambiri zankhani zadziko lililonse zimakhala ndi matanthauzidwe akuluakulu, zokonda, mgwirizano ndi zokonda zina zamalemba pakati pa mitundu yosiyanasiyana yamitundu ndi masitayelo. Koma kugonjera kumagwirizana bwino ndi dziko lathu lachibale, kumene sizinthu zonse zakuda ndi zoyera. Umu ndi momwe ziyenera kukhalira ndipo umu ndi momwe ndimayesera ndi kusankha komwe kungakusangalatseni kapena kukuwopsezani, kutengera chilichonse.

Komanso tulukani ndi olemba abwino kwambiri opangidwa ku USA, ndi chikhalidwe chochuluka komanso chosiyanasiyana cha dziko lino, ndi chovuta kwambiri chifukwa n'koyenera kupanga zotaya kapena zowawa komanso zodabwitsa. Ngakhale zili choncho, tidzapitirizabe ndi chikhumbo chokhacho chofuna kutsegula mkangano. Kapenanso kuti mupereke zidziwitso kuti aliyense azitha kuwerenga mosayembekezereka.

Olemba 10 apamwamba kwambiri ku United States.

Stephen King. Chilombo cha mabuku.

Kulingalira kopanda malire kwa Stephen King chikuwoneka kwa ife ngati kuwala kwa kuwala kowululidwa kumbali zonse kuchokera ku prism yake. Palibe malire mu bukhu la Stephen King ndipo kuyesera kuizungulira ku mtundu wowopsya ndi waufupi.

Chifukwa pamenepo Stephen King zochulukirapo kuchokera ku zoopsa kufikira zopeka, zopeka za sayansi, zopeka za mbiri yakale, dystopia, ucronías kapena apocalypses. Zonsezi ndi zilembo zomwe zimatulutsa zenizeni monga olemba ochepa amatha kufotokoza.

Kuchokera ku anecdotal kupita ku zofunika kwambiri kapena kuchokera ku bajeti yabwino kwambiri kupita kumalingaliro apafupi kwambiri. King amakhala m'malo omwe palibe amene angapeze, nkhalango zobiriwira zamalingaliro zomwe zimakhala ndi kuzizira komwe kumalowa m'mafupa kapena malo otseguka omwe amatipatsa nyengo yoipa yamitundu yonse. Kukhalapo kunapangitsa umunthu wokwiya mwatsatanetsatane. Kulingalira ngati gawo laling'ono la masomphenya athu adziko lapansi. Stephen King ndi Prometheus adalemba.

Imodzi mwa mabuku ake abwino kwambiri ...

Mark Twain. Kuchuluka kwa nkhani.

A Samuel Langshorne Clemens adasankha tsiku limodzi labwino kuti azichita utolankhani. Mbiri yake yabodza ingakhale Mark Twain, ndikugwiritsa ntchito nsanja yomwe atolankhani adamupatsa, adalongosola (pun adafuna) malingaliro ake mosiyana ndi zomwe kuchitiridwa nkhanza ndi anzawo kumabweretsa. M'dziko longa United States, lomwe kumapeto kwa zaka za zana la XNUMX lidali lolemedwa ndi magulu olimbikitsa ukapolo, silidapindule nawo (ndikubweretsa pano chidwi chakuwononga ku United States, njanji yapansi panthaka).

Chifukwa chake a Mark Twain adayimitsa utolankhani ndikuyang'ana kwambiri zolemba, pomwe amakhoza kukhala chimodzi mwazomwe olemba onse atsopano mdziko lake amalemba. Ntchito yake yayikulu, yophatikizira yonse idakhala ngati poyambira mibadwo yamtsogolo ya olemba atsopano (monga momwe adadziwira William Faulkner mwa apo ndi apo).

Koma ngakhale ntchito yake yabwino komanso chisangalalo zidamupatsa ulemu komanso mbiri ku United States, cholowa chake chidadutsa malire ndikufalikira padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa a Mark Twain anali ndi ukoma, wosowa m'masiku athu ano, kuti ayanjanitse mabuku achichepere ndi achikulire mu ntchito yomweyo. Ndili choncho Zochitika za Tom Sawyer mbali imodzi ndi a Huckleberry Finn pa ina adzafika padziko lonse m'munda wa makalata. Ndizosadabwitsa kuti malingaliro otha kupanga kaphatikizidwe koteroko adatulutsa nkhani zambirimbiri zomwe zidayambitsa mitundu yosiyanasiyana.

Tsoka ilo, zaka zomaliza za Mark Twain zidasanduka chisoni chachikulu. Sikuli kwachibadwa kupulumuka mwana, lingalirani mmene ziyenera kukhalira zomvetsa chisoni kuti zimachitika mwa atatu mwa ana anayiwo. Pokhala wamasiye komanso ndi chisoni chongobwerezabwereza komanso chokhumudwitsa, Twain adazimiririka pakati pa kuzindikira komaliza komanso komwe kukuchitika mdziko lonse. Apa ndikubweretserani voliyumu yokhala ndi nkhani zake zabwino kwambiri:

Isaac Asimov. kupezeka mwaluso.

Ndipo tafika munkhani yayikulu kwambiri yopeka yasayansi: Isake Asimov. Ndinalankhulapo kale za olemba zapamwamba monga huxley o Bradbury, Otulutsa zazikulu zopeka za sayansi ya dystopian, tifika kwa akatswiri omwe adalima zonse mu mtundu wa scifi, adakwezedwa pamaguwa nthawi zina ndikunyozedwa ndi olemba mabuku nthawi zina.

Nayi imodzi mwamawu ake atsopano zofunika maziko trilogy. Kope lochititsa chidwi lowonetsedwa bwino…

Asimov anali ataloza kale njira chifukwa cha maphunziro ake omwe, omwe adachita digirii mu biochemistry. Maziko asayansi oti aganizirepo sanali kusowa kwa akatswiri aku Russia ochokera ku Brooklyn.

Asanakwanitse zaka makumi awiri, Asimov anali atafalitsa kale nkhani zake pakati pa zosangalatsa ndi zasayansi m'magazini (kukoma kwa nkhani yomwe adafalitsa pamoyo wake wonse komanso yomwe adapereka pamndandanda wambiri)

Ntchito yake yochulukirapo (yosiyananso chifukwa adalemba m'mabuku ofufuza, mbiri yakale komanso ntchito zantchito), wapereka zambiri, popeza sinema imalandila zabwino zake. Zambiri mwa Makanema abwino kwambiri a cifi omwe tawona pakanema wamkulu amakhala ndi chidindo chake.

Truman Capote. ulemerero ndi mithunzi ya moyo.

Truman Capote ndi wolemba ndi sitampu yapabadwo, Ndikhoza kunena kuti ndikunyozedwa, monga sitampu kapena chizindikiro chilichonse chomwe chimavomerezedwa popanda kukonzanso. Zimachitika kuti chizolowezi chathu chokhala pagulu, kuyanjana, kudziwika ndikulemba ngati kuti chilichonse ndichinthu chimathera pakuchepetsa mitundu yonse yazopanga kapena zaluso. Yaiwisi koma weniweni.

Pasakhale mibadwo ya noséqué kapena zizolowezi za noséquánto. Koma Hei ... Ndikusiya mutu Truman Capote makamaka za ntchito yake (mwina chinali chikhalidwe chake chotsutsa chomwe chidanditsogolera kumapeto komaliza).

Mfundo ndi yakuti Truman wakale wakale anali chizindikiro chofunidwa, inde. Mabuku ake, mbiri zowona za chikhalidwe cha anthu (zonse zokhala ndi zonyezimira komanso zodetsa kwambiri komanso zolimba kumbali ina ya anthu), zidakopa wotsutsa yemwe adamukwezera ku maguwa kapena kumuduladula. Pakati pa m'modzi ndi winayo adamaliza kupeka nthano kwambiri. Apa m'munsimu Chakudya Cham'mawa chopeka ku Tiffany's ...

Ernest Hemingway. cholembera chopanga burashi.

Khalani ndi moyo kuti mulembe. Izi zikhoza kukhala zolemba za wolemba wamkulu uyu wa m'zaka za zana la XNUMX. Ernest Hemingway Anali mzimu wosakhazikika yemwe amakonda kukhala moyo muzakumwa zazitali, m'mbali mwake zonse komanso mwayi. Kuchokera pa cholembedwa cha Hemingway, zopeka zowoneka bwino kwambiri pazochitika zambiri zapadziko lonse lapansi m'zaka zoyipa izi zidapangidwa XX zomwe zidadutsa pakati pa nkhondo, kusintha, zopangira zazikulu, nkhondo zozizira komanso chizindikiro choyamba cha kudalirana kwa dziko lapansi komanso chidziwitso cha chilengedwe mu mpikisano wamlengalenga womwe ukupitilizabe lerolino.

Sikuti Hemingway ndi wolemba ponseponse pazonse zomwe zidachitika m'zaka za zana la makumi awiri, koma zomwe sizikukayikira ndikuti kuwonekera kwa anthu omwe amizidwa munthawi zamitundu yonse kumamupangitsa kukhala wolemba bwino pachinsinsi chopeka cha kupitilira kwa munthu kukhala mdziko lino lapansi.

Joyce Carol Oates. quintessential kukayikira.

Mphunzitsi wamabuku nthawi zonse amabisa wolemba yemwe angafune. Ngati mutu wa makalatawo ndi waluso kwambiri, aliyense wokonda izi amatha kuyesa kutengera olemba omwe amawakonda, omwe amayesetsa kuphunzitsa ophunzira. Kutengera pa Joyce carol amadya, Sizingatheke kuwonetsa momwe amagwirira ntchito ngati mphunzitsi wa Zilankhulo ndi Zolemba. Tiyeneranso kuzindikira kuti alinso ndi digiri, digiri ya udokotala komanso Master pamutu wazachilankhulo komanso kukonzanso kwake kwatsopano (Literature).

Chifukwa chake mwabwino, mwadongosolo komanso moyenera timapeza izi Joyce akulemba akudziwa zonse. Koma ndithudi, ngati iye sakonda maziko, iye sakanakhoza kufika kumene iye, pokhala wolemba anazindikira padziko lonse. Apa pansipa ndikuwonetsa buku lodziwika bwino la Oates pomwe kanema wa Marilyn wa Netflix adakhazikitsidwa ...

Charles Bukowski. zenizeni kuposa zauve.

Bukowski ndi wolemba wopanda ulemu par excellence, mlembi wa mabuku a visceral omwe amafalitsa bile m'madera onse a anthu (pepani ngati zinali "zowoneka"). Kupitilira kuyandikira katswiri uyu ndikusaka pa intaneti monga «Charles Bukowski mawu»Ndi momwe angabwezeretse masomphenya ake amoyo, kuwerenga komaliza kwa ntchito zake ndi moyo wosaphika wothira mitsempha.

Chifukwa Charles Bukowski anali wolemba modekha yemwe tsiku lina adasankha kulemba zomwe amafuna ndipo zomwe zidatsala pang'ono kuwonekera mwa owerenga ambiri omwe adamupembedza chifukwa cha kupanduka kwake, chifukwa chokhudza chiyembekezo chake komanso njira yake yobwereranso moyo wowopsa pansi pa prism ya nthabwala zoyambitsa.

Zolemba zimafunikira ziwerengero ngati za wolemba uyu wadzipereka pachabe, kukana, kupanduka chifukwa chongofuna kutaya mtima. Ndipo ngakhale zonsezi, Anthu a Bukowski amapereka chithunzithunzi chabwino cha umunthu pamene nthawi ndi nthawi amavomereza kuti nawonso amamva, kukweza maganizo awo pamwamba, ngati munthu amene amalavulira kumwamba ndipo mopanda mantha amadikirira yankho lokhalo lochokera kumwamba lodekha ndikugonjetsedwa ndi inertia ... kuti kwa ine ndi ntchito yoyambira kwa aliyense amene akufuna kuyandikira ku Bukowski ndi zifukwa zake zolembera komanso mfundo zake zochitira izi mwachilombo.

Patricia Highsmith. luntha lambiri.

Mitundu ya apolisi nthawi zonse imakhala yofanana ndi Patricia mkulu wamisiri. Wolemba waku America uyu adapanga mmodzi mwa anthu ooneka bwino kwambiri, oipitsitsa komanso okondedwa pakupanga konseko: Tom Ripley. Ndipo sikunali m'dziko la mayi ake komwe khalidweli lidalandiridwa bwino.

Mwanjira ina, wolembayo adakweza zambiri mwazinthu zogwirizana ndi zodabwitsanso zambiri zaku Europe, zomwe zimakonda kuseka ndi kuseketsa zomwe zimayambitsidwa mumitundu yonse, kuphatikiza apolisi, ngakhale zitakhala zoyera motani. Ndipo Europe adamaliza kuilandira ndi manja awiri.

Ngakhale kupambana kumeneku kumakhudzanso kutulutsidwa kwa zilembo zina zaku America zomwe zidatsutsa wolemba wodabwitsana koma wokonda amuna okhaokha, womwa mowa, wokhoza kuthana ndi mitu yankhanza m'mabuku ake ngakhale kuti poyambirira inali yabodza .. ., ndipo izi ku America mkati mwa zaka makumi awiri mphambu makumi awiri sizinavomerezedwe kotheratu.

Ngakhale amayang'ana gawo lalikulu la ntchito yake pa Tom Ripley, palibe chonyozera mabuku ake ena ambiri momwe Tom simunthu. M'malo mwake, mabuku ake oyamba popanda iye amawoneka athunthu kwambiri, popanda mfundo yotsatizanayo yomwe mndandanda uliwonse wamabuku omwe ali ndi protagonist m'modzi nthawi zambiri amapeza. Apa m'munsimu imodzi mwa ntchito zake zapadera ...

David Foster Wallace. kuzula ngati cholinga.

Pakhoza kukhala nthano ina. Monga ndi kalabu 27 mu nyimbo. Chowonadi ndi chakuti powerenga David Foster Wallace ali ndi vuto linalake lomwe limatengedwa mpaka delirium, mopitilira muyeso, ngakhale misala. Kuchulukirachulukira komwe kumatsogolera ku nthabwala zodzaza ndi mawu achipongwe. Satires wa amene amadziona yekha ndipo akhoza kuchitira umboni ndi mabuku ake zachilendo za dziko.

Ngakhale anali wodziwika ku United States, kubwera kwa ntchito ya David Foster Wallace ku Spain kunapangidwa ngati mtundu wa kuzindikira pambuyo pa imfa ya nthano. Chifukwa chakuti David ankadwala matenda ovutika maganizo amene ankamuvutitsa kuyambira ali wamng’ono mpaka masiku ake omalizira, pamene kudzipha kunathetsa chilichonse ali ndi zaka 46. M'badwo wosayenera wa mapeto omwe akumveka ndi zotsutsana za malingaliro a mphatso ndi kulenga, koma panthawi imodzimodziyo akutsamira kuphompho la chiwonongeko, amasinthidwa modabwitsa kukhala chidwi chachikulu pa ntchitoyo.

Mu 2009 the David Foster Wallace mabuku Iwo adayamba ulendo wawo wopita kumayiko ena omwe sanafikeko, akudziwononga okha mpaka pamenepo kumsika waku America momwe malingaliro awo adatulukiradi ngati mawonekedwe osangalatsa aanthu ozama kwambiri omwe adalowa mumtsinje wamakono.

Mitu yosiyana kuchokera pamasewera kupita pawayilesi wa kanema wawayilesi kapena kuwunika kwanthawi zonse kwamaloto aku America. Kufika ku Spain kunachitika koyamba potengera mawonekedwe ake ngati wolemba nkhani kenako ndikulemera kwathunthu kwa ntchito zake zofunika kwambiri. Wallace, ngakhale kuti anali womvetsa chisoni kwambiri ndi mankhwala, sanali wolemba wolamulidwa ndi mtundu wina wachisokonezo cha matenda ake kapena mankhwala ake.

Osachepera momwe zimakhalira chikhalidwe cha tsoka lomwe lingabwere kuchokera kwa olemba monga Bukowski o Emil cioran, kuti titchule anthu awiri opanda chiyembekezo. M'malo mwake, timapeza m'mabuku ake zotsutsana, ndi cholinga cholemba anthu owoneka bwino komanso owerengeka munjira zina zabodza zomwe zimadzetsa chisangalalo ndi chisokonezo mosadziwika bwino.

Utopias ndi dystopias zomwe zimawononga zenizeni zosinthika, zilembo zomwe zimakayikira kumangidwa kwa dziko lomwe likuwazungulira kapena zomwe zimalola kukhalapo kwawo kugwedezeka. Cholinga chodziwika bwino chokhudza zenizeni zenizeni mu mawonekedwe owoneka bwino omwe amafalitsa luntha, monga cholembera chodziwikiratu chomwe chasinthidwa ndi kulembedwa pambuyo pake pofunafuna tanthauzo lomwe chikangozindikira chipongwe cha umunthu wathu pomwe chimatipanga m'malo momwe zopeka zimadzazidwa. za zizindikiro zomwe zimaphwanya dziko kukhala zigawo.

David Foster Wallace ndiye wolemba nkhani yemwe adadyedwa ndi maloto. Ndipo ndizodziwika kale kuti m'maloto timachoka nthabwala kupita kumantha kapena chilakolako chonyansa kuchokera pa zochitika zina kupita kuzotsatira.

Edgar Allan Poe. kuphulika kwa zodabwitsa.

Mwachidule koma chozama, chosasinthika m'mabuku ake koma ndi kuzama kwakukulu pakati pa zosangalatsa ndi zosangalatsa. Ndi olemba ena simudziwa komwe zenizeni zimatha ndipo nthano imayambira. Edgar Allan Poe ndi wolemba quintessential wotembereredwa. Wotembereredwa osati potengera tanthauzo la mawuwa koma tanthauzo lenileni la moyo wake udalamulira ndi ma hello kudzera mumowa komanso misala.

Koma ... mabuku angakhale otani popanda mphamvu yake? Ma Hell ndi malo ochititsa chidwi omwe Poe ndi olemba ena ambiri amabwera kudzafuna kudzoza, ndikusiya zikopa za zikopa ndi zidutswa za miyoyo yawo ndi mphekesera zatsopano.

Ndipo zotsatira zake zilipo ... ndakatulo, nkhani, nkhani. Kumva kuzizira pakati pazopusitsa ndikumverera kwa dziko lachiwawa, lamakani, lobisalira mtima uliwonse wovuta. Mdima wokhala ndi zodzikongoletsa zonga zamaloto ndi zamisala, mawu amawu oyimbira ndi mawu ochokera kutsidya kwa manda omwe amadzutsa mawu. Imfa yodzibisa ngati vesi kapena chiwonetsero, kuvina zikondwerero m'malingaliro a owerenga olimba mtima.

Zabwino Kuphatikiza kwa Poe wabwino kwambiri, mbuye wa mantha, titha kuzipeza pankhaniyi kwa okonda luso ili: