ʻO ka haʻalele ʻana iā Polani i hoʻopuni ʻia e Nazi ʻaʻole pono e ʻoluʻolu no ka ʻohana Poniatowska. ʻO ia ka makahiki 1942 a e helu ana ʻo Elena he ʻumi mau puna. ʻAʻole paha ia he mea hōʻeha nona. I kēlā makahiki, laha mau ka maoli, ma waena o nā noe o ka moemoeā a me ka nui ʻole o ka wā kamaliʻi.
Akā ʻoi aku ka hopena o ka ʻike ma hope ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻOi aku i loko o ke kanaka e like me Elena Poniatowski, i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea kākau nui, huakaʻi a kūpaʻa i nā kumu like ʻole e pili ana i nā Kuleana kanaka.
ʻO kāna kumu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā lālā ʻelua, makua kāne a me nā mākua, ʻaʻole no kāna kumu ia, ʻoiai he mea hana ia no kēlā hakakā mau i ka pale ʻana i ke kaulike ma nā āpau.
ʻO ka puke, e like me kā Poniatowska's antecedents ʻaʻole i hiki i kahi ʻē aʻe, i hoʻomaopopo ʻia e Elena as kahi mea hana i ka loiloi a me ke hoʻokokoke, i ka nānā i loko o ke kanaka ma nā ʻano he nui, mai ka kūlohelohe o ke aloha i nā kumu o ka inaina, mai ka makemake e ʻike i ka pono e poina.
ʻAʻole hōʻino wale ka "Red Princess" i nā mea āpau āna i kākau ai (e lilo i laʻana kekahi o kāna puke hope loa) A ʻo ia ka Elena i hoʻonani ai ma nā ʻatikala a me nā moʻolelo, nā puke moʻolelo a me nā moʻolelo. ʻIke mau mākou i kāna mau kākau i ke kuko no ka noho ʻana a me ka manaʻo e sublimate i nā manaʻo āpau a me nā ideology i kahi mea maikaʻi, alakaʻi iā mākou e nā manaʻo pilikino pilikino e like me ke aloha a me ke kūpaʻa.
ʻO nā puke noveloma kiʻekiʻe ʻelima a Elena Poniatowska i ʻōlelo ʻia
Ka ʻili o ka lani
I kekahi manawa manaʻo mākou he kanaka e nānā i nā hōʻike transcendent ʻoi aku e komo i kēlā lā i kēia lā, kūlou, e ʻimi nei i nā ʻiliʻili o ka hauʻoli. Ma ka ʻokoʻa, ʻo ka ʻimi ʻana i nā pane i nā hōkū e ʻimi ai i ka palena ʻole, kahi mea ʻole mākou ...
Akā i loko paha o kēlā mamao, ma kēlā wahi kūpono ʻole hiki iā mākou ke ʻike i kahi puka hanohano loa no ka ego, no laila hiki ke ʻoi aku ka pololei me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe o kā mākou laha.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: "E Mama, ke hoʻi nei paha ke ao i laila?" Wehe kēia huaʻōlelo i ke ala i kahi moʻolelo hoihoi: ʻo ke kanaka kālena nui i makemake ʻia e wehe i nā mea pohihihi o ka hōkū. ʻO Lorenzo de Tena, nonconformist a kipi hoʻi, pono e hakakā kūlike ʻole i ka nohona kaulike, nā pahele o nā keʻena a me nā hoʻowalewale politika e ʻike i ka hoʻokō ʻia o kāna hana.
Akā ʻo nā mea nui loa i kāna ʻimi ʻana ʻaʻole ia e hele mai ka ʻepekema akā mai ka maka huna loa o ka poʻe, ka mea e hūnā i nā kuko a me nā manaʻo. ʻO kahi puke hou, e like me ke teleskope, lawe mai iā mākou i kahi kokoke loa i nā luʻi i hiki ʻole ke kiʻi ʻia: nā hōkū a me ke aloha.
Hala mua ke kaʻaahi
Ma ke ʻano he kiʻina, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ke kaʻaahi ma ke ʻano he waiwai hackneyed. A no laila ka hanohano nui o kēia puke. Ke hana nei i ka hapa nui o ke kaʻaahi ma ke ʻano he manawa nui wale ia i ke kiʻekiʻe o nā hulu i hiki ke hana hou, hoʻoili i kahi moʻolelo nui a hoʻomau i ka pīhoihoi. Ua kūleʻa ʻo Elena.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: "Ua pōloli au a anuanu, ua manaʻo wau ʻaʻohe ahi, ʻaʻohe ʻapo e hoʻomehana iaʻu, akā ʻike wau inā hakakā kekahi kāne hoʻokahi a ʻaʻole e ʻae iā ia e make, pono ke ola." He kāne kēia i hānau ʻia ma kekahi kūlanakauhale ma ka hema o Mekiko.
ʻAʻole loa ʻo ia e puka i waho, akā i kekahi lā ua hala ke kaʻaahi i mua o kona mau maka a i ke kani o kēlā mīkini ua lohe ʻo ia i ka moʻolelo o kona ola; ua ʻike ʻo ia i ke kumu o ka makemake indomitable e ʻike i kaomi mau iā ia ma waho o kāna mau palena.
A ʻoiaʻiʻo, iā Trinidad Pineda Chiñas, ke ʻano kikoʻī o kēia puke, ua lawe ke kaʻaahi iā ia i nā mea āpau: i nā wahi āna i manaʻo ʻole ai, i ka nui o ka ʻike, nā kālepa, nā poʻe, nā mea hiki, a ʻo ka mea nō ia i kamaʻilio pū me kāna mau hoa kaʻaahi me nā ala like. ikaika a me ka hilinaʻi i lilo ia i alo o ka hakakā a nā limahana. A hoʻohuli lākou i ka ʻāina a me ke aupuni ma luna o kona poʻo.
ʻO ke kaʻaahi ke ola. Akā inā he kāne kāne ke ala kaʻaahi, ʻaʻohe o lākou mea ʻole me ka ʻole o nā wahine. ʻO nā makuahine, nā wahine, nā kumu, nā ipo, nā kaʻa kaʻa, e hele ma waena o kēia mau ʻaoʻao me kahi alo ikaika, me ka mana e hiki ʻole ke helu ʻia i loko o kēlā me kēia. ʻO lākou ka hemahema o nā kāne, a noʻonoʻo paha.
Leonora
Aia kekahi e ʻike i kēia moʻolelo ʻo Elena ponoʻī, hānai ʻia i nā poʻomanaʻo kiʻekiʻe akā he ʻano ʻē i mua o ka neʻe ʻole i hiki ke moni i ka hoʻopono kaulike ʻole a me ka ʻae ʻana i ka pono. ʻO kahi puke nui loa, a laila poli pū kekahi i ke kuleana o nā wahine i ka mōʻaukala a me ka honua.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo: He wahine hoʻokalakupua, he ʻuhane kipi ... kahi kaʻao. ʻO kekahi o kēlā mau puke moʻolelo ʻaʻole hiki i kekahi ke nalo wale. Ua makemake ʻia ʻo ia e ulu aʻe ma ke ʻano he hoʻoilina waiwai i ka mea nui o nā ʻoihana lole, akā mai ka wā ʻōpio ua ʻike ʻo ia he ʻokoʻa ʻo ia, ʻo kona hiki ke ʻike i nā mea a nā mea ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻole ai he mea kūikawā iā ia.
Ua hōʻole ʻo ia i nā kuʻikahi kaiaulu, kona mau mākua a me kāna mau kumu, a ua haki i nā pilina haipule a i ʻole ideological e lanakila i kāna kuleana e lilo i wahine kūʻokoʻa, pilikino a me nā mea pena kiʻi. ʻO Leonora Carrington i kēia lā kahi kaao, ka mea pena surealist nui loa, a me kāna ola hoihoi, nā mea e hānai ʻia ai kā mākou moemoeā.
Ua ola ʻo Leonora i ka moʻolelo aloha huikau me ka mea pena ʻo Max Ernst. Me ia i komo ai i loko o ka puahiohio o surealism, a ʻānai i nā poʻohiwi i Palisa me Salvador Dalí, Marcel Duchamp, Joan Miró, André Breton a me Pablo Picasso; e Max freak i kona wā i hoʻouna ʻia ai i kahi hoʻomoana.
Ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo Leonora i kahi hale hoʻomalu ma Santander, kahi i pakele ai ʻo ia e lanakila ma Nu Ioka ma ka lima o Peggy Guggenheim. Ua noho ʻo ia ma Mekiko a ma laila kahi i hoʻopau ai i kekahi o nā hana noʻeau a me nā hana noʻeau ʻē aʻe.
ʻAʻole ia ka manawa mua a Elena Poniatowska i hōʻike ai i kahi wahine keu e like me ka mea ʻē aʻe. ʻO ke ola kupaianaha o Leonora Carrington, i kona mau lima, kahi huakaʻi pīhoihoi, kahi uē no ke kūʻokoʻa a me kahi ala nani i nā mōʻaukala avant-gardes o ka hapa mua o ke kenekulia XNUMX.
