ʻAi ka puke mai nā pores o a Louise erdrich mea kākau a mea kūʻai puke. Akā, ma kahi o ka palapala ma ke ʻano he waiwai koʻikoʻi loa, hōʻike ʻo Erdrich i kahi miscegenation hoʻokahi i kēlā pōmaikaʻi moʻomeheu ʻo ia ka hui ʻana. ʻOi aku paha inā he hybrid ia e like me exotic e like me ka Germanic me ka ʻAmelika ʻAmelika ʻĀkau. ʻO ka hopena o nā ʻeke moʻomeheu, ka hoʻoikaika ʻana i nā lāhui ʻelua, a me ka hana paʻakikī i loaʻa i kahi bibliography kupaianaha i nā palapala ʻAmelika o kēia wā.
ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā mea i koe o ka poʻe Chippewa, he mau wahi paʻa wale nō ma waena o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa a me Kanada, e loaʻa ai ka ikaika hou i ka mea kākau e like me Erdrich, nāna e mālama i kā lākou mau moʻolelo a me ka hoʻololi ʻana i kēlā manaʻo noʻonoʻo o kona poʻe no ke ola ʻana me nā mea āpau. No ka mea ma kahi like mākou e lawe ai kekahi i ka moʻolelo ʻeleʻele, (Sepania, ua lanakila ʻo ʻAmelika Hema kahi i noho ai ka autochthonous - ʻO Elvira Roca ʻike nui e pili ana i kēia mau mea āpau-), a ʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe ke kuleana o ka luku loa ʻana o ka honua (ʻo ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa me kāna poʻe ʻōiwi me ka hele ʻole i kahi mamao aku).
Akā, ʻo ka ʻike moʻolelo a me ka politika ma waho aʻe o Louise Erdrich, ua maopopo ka mālama ʻana o kēia mea kākau i ka hoʻomanaʻo o kona poʻe a loaʻa hou ka ʻike pono ʻaʻohe ʻAmelika me ka ʻole o lākou. ʻO ia wale nō ka waiwai o ka mea a hāʻawi nui iā ia iho i ka moʻolelo. No ka mea, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka wā e ʻike ʻia ai ka ʻike o kēia ʻano kanaka he mea keakea i nā makemake o nā ʻano like ʻole. Eia nō naʻe, ʻeleʻele ke kumu i ke keʻokeʻo, e hoʻouna ana iā mākou i ka ikaika telluric o ka poʻe e noho mau nei me ke ʻano maoli, nā naʻauao maoli o ko mākou mau lā ...
Nā Nūhou i ʻ 3lelo ʻia e XNUMX e Louise Erdrich
Ke kiaʻi pō
ʻO wai ka mea makemake ʻole e loaʻa kahi moʻolelo hoihoi? Akā ʻo ka manaʻo, aia paha mākou ma laila a ʻaʻole mākou mahalo. I ka poʻe makemake e hoʻolohe, loaʻa paha i ko lākou mau mākua a me nā kūpuna i mau waiwai maoli e haʻi aku iā lākou. ʻOi aku aʻe inā ʻo ia kekahi o nā Chippewa hope e makemake e hōʻike i nā mea huna nui i kahi moʻopuna ...
1953, Dakota ʻĀkau. ʻO Thomas Wazhashk ke kiaʻi pō o ka hale hana mua i wehe ʻia ma kahi kokoke i ka Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation. He lālā koʻikoʻi ʻo ia o ka Chippewa Council, i hoʻohoka ʻia e kekahi pila hou e lawe koke ʻia i mua o ka ʻAhaʻōlelo. Kāhea ke Aupuni o ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa i kēia ana "he hoʻokuʻu ʻia," akā ʻike ʻia e kaohi hou i ke kūʻokoʻa a me nā kuleana o nā ʻōiwi ʻAmelika ma luna o ko lākou ʻāina, e pili ana i ko lākou ʻike. Ua huhū ʻo Thomas i kēia kumakaia hou o kona poʻe a inā ʻo ia e kū i mua o Wakinekona DC, e hana ʻo ia i nā mea āpau e hakakā ai.
Ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole like me ka hapa nui o nā kaikamahine o ke kaiāulu, ʻaʻole manaʻo ʻo Pixie Paranteau e lawe i ke kāne a me nā keiki he nui ma kekahi ʻano. Ua lawa ʻo ia me kāna ʻoihana hale hana, loaʻa ka loaʻa kālā no ke kākoʻo ʻana i kona makuahine a me kona kaikunāne, ʻaʻole hoʻi e haʻi i kona makuakāne, ʻo ia wale nō ka mea e hōʻike mai i ka wā e pono ai ʻo ia ke kālā e hoʻomau i ka inu. Hoʻohui, pono ʻo Pixie e mālama i kēlā me kēia denari e kiʻi i Minnesota a loaʻa iā Vera, kona kaikuahine i hala lōʻihi.
Ma muli o ke ola kupaianaha o kona kupunakane, hāʻawi ʻo Louise Erdrich iā mākou i ka The Night Watchman i kekahi o kāna mau moʻolelo maikaʻi loa, he moʻolelo o nā hanauna i hala a me ka wā e hiki mai ana, no ka mālama ʻana a me ka holomua, kahi e hui ai nā manaʻo maikaʻi loa o ke ʻano kanaka, no laila e hoʻomālamalama ana. nā ola a me nā moeʻuhane o kona mau mea a pau.
Ka hale poepoe
ʻO ka lāhui kolohe ʻino loa ka mea e huki i ka hana ʻino mai ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻia, ka makaʻu a me ka naʻaupō. I ka hihia o kēia moʻolelo, ua puka mai ka manaʻo o ka naʻaupō loa, ʻo ka hoʻowahāwahā ʻana i ke ola a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i kahi holoholona o ka ʻuhane e ʻoi aku ana i ka hoʻohuli ʻana i ka inaina daimonio. A ʻae, i kekahi manawa ʻo ka poʻe koa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia e hoʻopau iā lākou iho me ka wiwo ʻole e hoʻokuʻu aku i ke kaiāulu o nā makaʻu a me nā manaʻo kānalua i hiki i kekahi mea.
I kekahi lā Sābati i ka pūnāwai o 1988, ua hoʻouka ʻia kahi wahine ʻOjibwe Indian ma kahi hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kona noho ʻana ma North Dakota. Ua lohi nā kikoʻī o ka hoʻomāinoino ʻana i ka ʻike ʻia ʻo Geraldine Coutts a ua hōʻole ʻo ia e ola hou a haʻi i ka mea i hana ʻia, i ka mākaʻi a me Bazil, kāna kāne, a me Joe, kāna keiki he ʻumikumamākolu makahiki.
I hoʻokahi lā wale nō, huli ke ola o ke keikikāne i kahi huli hoʻi ʻole. E hoʻāʻo ʻo ia e kōkua i kona makuahine, akā pale ʻo ia iā ia iho i kahi moena a hiki i ke komo ʻana i kahi hohonu o ka mehameha. Me ka mahuahua mehameha, ʻike ʻo Joe iā ia iho i hoʻolei ʻia i loko o ke ao kanaka makua kahi i mākaukau ʻole ai.
I ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o kona makuakāne luna kānāwai e hoʻokō i ka hoʻopono, ua huhū ʻo Joe i ka hoʻokolokolo kūhelu a, me ke kōkua ʻana o kāna mau hoa aloha ʻo Angus, Cappy a me Zack, hoʻomaka e ʻimi i nā pane nona iho. ʻO kāu ʻimi e alakaʻi iā ʻoe ma mua i ka hale pōʻai, kahi kapu a hoʻomana no nā ʻōiwi o kahi mālama. A ʻo kēia wale nō ka hoʻomaka.
Ke keiki a nā mea āpau
ʻAʻohe mea ʻokoʻa. ʻO ka mea i hana ʻia i kākau ʻia ma kahi me kahi kumu ʻike ʻole ʻia a hiki i ka hopena hope o ka hopena. ʻO ka aksal ke kumu pinepine i kekahi mau palapala āu e nānā pinepine ʻole ai. A i loko o ka pōʻino nui loa, ʻoiai ka liʻiliʻi, waiho wale ia i kahi ʻano o ka uku e like me ka mea i hoʻomaka ʻole ʻia o nā mea āpau ...
North Dakota, Kauwela 1999. Ua kī ʻo Landreaux Iron i dia ma ka lihi o kāna waiwai akā, i kona kokoke ʻana, ʻike ʻo ia ua kī aku ʻo ia i ke keiki a kona mau hoalauna: ʻo Dusty Ravich, ʻelima mau makahiki a me ka hoa aloha a kāna keiki ponoʻī., LaRose . Ua pili loa nā ʻohana ʻelua a ua ulu nui nā keiki. Landreaux, weliweli i ka mea i hana ʻia, ʻimi i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo i nā hihiʻo a me nā hana a kona mau kūpuna India, e ʻike i kahi ala e hoʻoponopono hapa ai i ka ʻino i hana ʻia.
I ka lā aʻe, me kāna wahine ʻo Emmaline, e hāʻawi lākou i ke keikikāne i nā mākua puʻuwai puʻuwai o Dusty: "I kēia manawa ʻo kā mākou keiki kāne kāu keiki." Ua lilo ʻo LaRose i pōhaku kihi e hoʻomau ai i nā ʻohana ʻelua, e ʻae i ko lākou ʻeha e emi mālie. Akā ʻo ka hana ʻāwīwī o kahi malihini e hoʻoweliweli i ke kaulike palupalu i hōʻea ...
Me ka ʻōlelo hoʻohaʻahaʻa puʻuwai, ʻike kēia moʻolelo a Louise Erdrich me ka nani hau i nā hopena hiki ʻole ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia o kahi pōʻino i kēlā me kēia lā. Ma o kahi moʻolelo koʻikoʻi o ke kanikau a me ka hoʻōla, hāʻawi ka mea kākau i kahi pilikino i nā kumuhana ākea e like me ka mana hoʻōla o ke aloha a i ʻole ka makemake nui ʻole no ka hōʻoluʻolu e pono ai nā kānaka āpau.
