Benito Perez Galdos shi ne karin madaidaicin wakilcin aikin jarida ko wallafe -wallafen aikin jarida. Babban aikinsa na almara ya shiga cikin ɗabi'a tare da sahihin sahihin tarihi. Yana rayuwa azaman rahotanni, labaru na almara tare da nuances waɗanda koyaushe suna sanin gogewa tare da hatimin sahihanci, wanda ya kasance daga mafi wanzuwa zuwa daidaitawa tare da ɗabi'ar da ke gudana da kuma mutumin da aka fallasa ga yanayin lokacin da Pérez Galdós ya rayu, rabi tsakanin ƙarni na goma sha tara kuma XX.
Marubucin ofaya daga cikin mafi yawan littattafan tarihin Mutanen Espanya. Amintaccen mai ba da gaskiya game da abin da, a cikin yanayin sa, ya ƙare har ya haɗa da adadin abubuwan tarihi, na haruffan da akidar Mutanen Espanya ta ƙunshi cikakken mosaic mai rikitarwa. Yin balaguron kowane littafi da Benito Pérez Galdós ya ji yana shafar ku a cikin karni na sha tara akan shahararre.
Abubuwan da ke da alaƙa na marubucin koyaushe sune sarari mai kishi wanda har yanzu yana tayar da shakku da fassarori iri -iri a yau, musamman dangane da rashin aure har zuwa kwanakin ƙarshe. Mai aiki da siyasa kuma ya sadaukar da kai ga Jamhuriyar har zuwa sakamakonsa na ƙarshe kuma yana da sha'awar wasan kwaikwayo, kamar wancan abin sha'awa mai ban sha'awa na rubuce -rubuce cewa, in babu fim, kuma mai yiwuwa tare da mafi jin daɗin jin daɗi, ya ba da rayuwa akan mataki ga yawancin shawarwarinsa. .
Watakila bangaren siyasarsa ya kai shi ga mantawa da shi a kwanakinsa na karshe, har ta kai ga jana’izarsa ta kasance cikin bankwana. Ko da yake watakila, me ya sa ba, a cikin zuciyarsa ya gamsu da waccan bankwana da ya fi kusa da bakin cikin taɓansa yaba Tolstoy cewa ba don girman kai na mafi girman daraja da sanin mutuƙar shekarar 1920 wanda Spain ta fara rarrabuwar kawuna tsakanin nagarta da mugunta ...
3 litattafan da aka ba da shawarar ta Benito Pérez Galdós
Wasannin kasa
A lokacin rayuwarsa, a lokuta daban -daban, Benito Pérez Galdós ya sadaukar da kansa don sake rubuta wani irin ɗakin karatu na Tarihin Spain. Ƙananan manyan makirce -makirce game da waɗancan abubuwan da suka dace na ƙasarmu, waɗanda ke da alaƙa da hangen nesa na marubucin, masu mutunta abin da ya faru amma sun ƙuduri aniyar ceton na musamman don ya ƙare sama da irin wannan tarihin abin da ya haifar, na wucewa nuances, sakamakon sakamako a cikin mutanen da ke lura da faruwar yanayi da yawa da yawa.
Yin lilo a Intanet Na sami juzu'in da ke taƙaita duk waɗannan Filayen da aka tattara a cikin jerin littattafansa guda huɗu. A ra'ayina, babban ƙoƙarce-ƙoƙarce na Benito Pérez Galdós na mai da wannan aikin babban shaidarsa ta adabi, sanin yadda za a gina shi yayin da shekarun rayuwarsa suka shuɗe, tabbataccen nuni ne na abin da marubuci ya kamata kuma zai iya zama, wanda Shi ne. yana ba da rayuwarsa ga rubutu. Yana iya zama game da rubuta almara mafi nisa ko kuma mafi kusancin gaskiya. Ma’anar ita ce marubuci shine abin da yake yayin rubutawa, yayin da yake riƙe da ra’ayi don haɓakawa, yayin da yake zuzzurfan tunani kan yadda zai ci gaba da labarinsa. Sauran su ne takamaiman tabo, gabatarwa da hira...
Kaka
Fim din ya canza hoton Fernando Fernán Gómez a matsayin kakan mai tsananin kauna da soyayya. Rikicin da aka samu daga kwatankwacinsa tare da zauren ciki na wannan mutumin, abubuwan da suka faru da masifu. A cikin taɓawarsa ta zahiri, mu ma muna ƙarewa da samun abubuwan rayuwa da na bala'i, har zuwa wani yanayin hangen wasan kwaikwayo, ba tare da yin aiki ba amma alama ta zurfafa zurfafa daga basusuka da ƙauna, laifi, fushi da buƙatar sulhu lokacin da tuni Mun san cewa lokacin da muka rage ya yi kaɗan.
Taƙaice: Bayan mutuwar ɗansa, Don Rodrigo, ƙidayar Albrit ta dawo daga Amurka zuwa garinsa don gano wanene cikin jikokinsa biyu na halal. Lucrecia, mahaifiyar 'ya'ya mata biyu (Dorotea da Leonor) ta yanke shawarar yaudarar kakanta ta hanyar gaya masa cewa Dorotea jika ce. Kakan ya zama yana son yarinyar sannan Lucrecia ta gaya masa cewa jikan ta hakika Leonor ne. Kakan, a ƙarshe, yana koyan son jikokinsa biyu, yana manta mutunci. EL ABUELO na cikin jerin litattafan hirarraki wanda, musun tsarin al'ada na bambancin jinsi, yana nuna matakin ƙarshe na aikin Benito Pérez Galdós.
Fortunata da Jacinta
Littafin labari mai faɗi sosai, amma wanda koyaushe yana kiyaye tashin hankali mai ban mamaki a cikin salo. Exuberance a cikin nau'i da abu, ma'auni wanda ba koyaushe yana da sauƙi a cimma ba. Akwai wani batu mai ban sha'awa wanda ke ɗaukar hankalin mai karatu sosai a kowane lokaci. Yana da wani makirci na musamman, game da halayen duniya daga masu arziki, amma yana da ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Rayuwa a birni kamar Madrid kamar zuciyar da ta ƙare tare da karanta kowane shafi.
Taƙaice: An kafa shi a Madrid, tsakanin Disamba 1869 da Afrilu 1876, ya tattara labarin mace ta doka: Jacinta da mai ƙauna: Fortunata, na magaji Juanito Santa Cruz, sun bambanta da na kusanci, na mutum da na gama gari, da tunani a cikin zamantakewa. rikice -rikice.
Ƙaunar ƙauna mai ƙarfi tana gudana, bourgeoisie ya wadata, mara aiki, mai farin ciki, mai ra'ayin mazan jiya da halaye na 'aibi', azuzuwan tsakiya, waɗanda ke rayuwa daga aikinsu, kuma waɗanda ke ƙoƙarin neman masauki da ilimi, rikice -rikice suka matsa lamba, dangantaka tsakanin azuzuwan, gabatarwa tarurruka a cikin gidajen cin abinci na Madrid da 'masanin falsafa': Evaristo Feijoo da muhallin ƙananan azuzuwan, na larura: gardamar kashi na huɗu ta mai da hankali kan Fortunata da zina, wanda aka warware a cikin bala'in kishi.
Sauran littattafan ban sha'awa na Benito Pérez Galdós
Tristan
Haƙƙarfan Benito Pérez Galdós don ƙirƙirar haruffa waɗanda duka tunanin zamantakewa ne na ƙaramin bourgeoisie na Madrid da kuma zurfin nazarin halin ɗan adam, ya nuna duk ƙarfin sa a cikin "Tristana". Jarumar labarin tana ƙoƙarin yin tawaye da yanayin iyali da zamantakewa wanda ke hana ta samun 'yancin kai da farin ciki. Rashin nasarar ta shine nasarar baƙin ciki na wata muguwar al'umma mai danniya wacce ke ƙarfafa zaman lafiyarta akan ƙimar ƙasƙantar da kai da lalata waɗanda ke neman tayar da tarurrukan ta da kuma yin umarni.
Azaba
An buga shi a cikin 1884, tsakanin El Doctor Centeno da La de Bringas, yana aiki tare da abin da yake ba da wani nau'in triptych, «Tormento» ya ta'allaka ne da siffar Amparo Sánchez Emperador, matashi maraya mara kunya kuma wanda ba a warware shi ba wanda ji da sha'awar Agustín Caballero ke ciki. - Ba'amurke mai arziki sosai, wanda aka yi shi a cikin mawuyacin hali mai rikitarwa na sabuwar duniya kuma yana ɗokin shiga cikin al'ummar da ya koma - da Pedro Polo, firist mai ƙaƙƙarfan hali tare da mummunan hali wanda ke shaƙata rashin aikin sa.
Tare da kyakkyawan Amparo a matsayin abin taɓawa, duka Polo da Caballero sun ƙunshi gwagwarmayar Galdosia na har abada tsakanin Yanayi da al'umma, wanda ke kewaye da wani babban ɗakin zane na haruffa na biyu, kamar Felipe Centeno, José Ido del Sagrario, Uban Nones kuma, sama da duka, Rosalía da Francisco Bringas, wanda ke ba da labari mai ban mamaki ga labarin.
